Nanotechnology Commons^™

Experimental Investigation On Combustion And Emission Characteristics Of Co-Combustion Of Pulverized Biomass With Diesel Fuel In An Industrial Burner, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Prof. Dr., Saad El-Malla Dr. Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

This study presents the combustion and emission results obtained from a laboratory furnace equipped with a 35 kW industrial burner that utilizes co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel. The experiment compared the co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel with diesel fuel alone. Three different loading ratios of pulverized biomass from residual beet samples were used. Temperatures were measured at various positions inside the furnace to analyze combustion performance. It was observed that increasing the biomass loading ratios led to higher flame temperatures and improved combustion compared to diesel fuel alone. The concentrations of pollutants such as Co, HC, …

Cfd Study On Two-Phase Flow Patterns In A Pipe With 90º Elbow In Different Operating Conditions, Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Mohammed Ahmed Khafagy, E. A. El Shenawy Prof. Dr., Ahmed M. Salem Dr

Journal of Engineering Research

Recently, CFD has offered a technological solution for modelling multi-phase flow in which we can make endless simulations with reduced expenses and effort in high accuracy results; we shall also mention that experimental studies have limitations for safety considerations when experimenting with flow in high temperature or pressure values or medium nature as in nuclear or chemical flows.In this paper, we used the ANSYS FLUENT CFD program to simulate the two-phase flow in a pipe to study the effect of attaching a 90-degree elbow fitting to the piping system, seeking to find out the change in the pattern and resulting …

تقنيات الاضاءة الصناعية وتأثيرها فى الفراغ السكنى على السلوك الانسانى, Samah Kamal Elfeky, Walaa Ahmad Nour, Lobna Abdelfatah Agha

Journal of Engineering Research

* Lighting is considered of main items in daily life begining from natural Lighting to industrial lighting. with all of it's different shapes . it is considerdone of the most important data that point Blank spaces and works to show architectural spaces, aesthetic values through being sharp and weak, ensure borders show texture or hide Features, suggest wideness, narrowness of space as the most beautiful design don't see beautiful without good lighting which designed carefully.Due to diversity of human activities, architictums spaces and it is wideness. Increased dependence on industrial Lighting to strengthen Job of performance, beauty of internal, external …

Characterization Of Biological Particles Using An Integrated Hyperspectral Imaging And Machine Learning, Kaeul Lim, Arezoo Ardekani

Graduate Industrial Research Symposium

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising modality in medicine with many potential applications. This study focuses on developing a label-free lipid nanoparticle characterization method using a convolutional neural network (CNN) analysis of HSI images. The HSI data, hypercube, consists of a series of images acquired at different wavelengths for the same field of view, providing continuous spectra information for each pixel. Three distinct liposome samples were collected for analysis. Advanced image preprocessing and classification methods for HSI data were developed to differentiate liposomes based on their material compositions. Our machine learning-based classification method was able to distinguish different liposome types …

The Influence Of Green Building Design On Tourists' Intention To Stay In Eco-Friendly Hotels: A Study On Perceptions And Preferences, Enas Al Sayed Salama Dr., Gehad Nasr Abdelsalam Dr.

Journal of Engineering Research

Green building design involves integrating sustainable and environmentally friendly practices into the construction and operation of buildings, including hotels, with the goal of minimizing the adverse impact on the environment. This paper delves into the pivotal role of green building design and eco-service provision within the context of green hotels. The aim is to investigate the interconnections among tourists' environmental concerns, their perceived significance of green building design, and their intention to choose green hotels.

To enhance the understanding of tourist behavior and its implications for tourism in Egypt, a questionnaire was administered in Sharm El Sheikh, a prominent Egyptian …

Experimental Study Of Bent Glass Curtain Walls., Sarah Said Abd El Kariem, Moustafa El Shami, Mahmoud El Nagar

Journal of Engineering Research

A Bent Laminated Glass is commonly used in the residential and commercial structures, its methodology is not present in the curves and tables at the ASTM E1300. Therefore, it has become a need for architects to use basis for this type of glass. To the best of authors ‘knowledge, no one study the bent laminated glass in details. A variety of safety glass that has lately gained popularity in the construction sector is modern laminated glass. Given that it offers a safe failover capability, it is perfect for the automotive industry. Double-lite glass is produced using two or more …

Market Analysis And Bidding Strategy Of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Considering Emissions, Fatma Elzahraa, Mohamed Elnemr, Samir Dawoud

Journal of Engineering Research

The competition in the electricity markets makes it difficult to choose a suitable strategy for maximizing profit while reducing harmful emissions. To have an adequate energy price for consumers while minimizing the harmful emissions to the atmosphere and maximizing profits of all participants in the electricity market needs an aggressive bidding strategy. Developing these bidding strategies with the integration of renewable energy (RE) in the electricity market became important. This research studies various bidding strategies for maximizing profits in the deregulated energy market since participants are keen on developing bidding strategies considering emissions. These bidding strategies will consider the integration …

Effects Of Fuel Equivalence Ratio And Swirl Vane Angles On Premixed Burner Turbulent Flame Combustion Characteristics, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr. Eng., E. A. El Shenawy Prof. Dr., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof. Dr. Eng., Ibrahim Ali Mousa Eng., Mohamed M. Abdel-Raouf Ibrahim Dr. Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

A turbulent flow field has a major effect on the premixed flame structure and temperature distribution that specifically determines the effectiveness of the burned fuel and the amounts of produced emissions. However, the premixed flame tangential and axial velocity distribution through the flame length help to predict the combustion and emissions attributes of the burned fuel. In this regard, an experimental and analytical investigation on premixed turbulent burners at different equivalence fuel-air ratios with different swirl vane angles has been achieved in the present work to assess the combustion performance and emissions characteristics. A theoretical methodology was carried out to …

Enhancing The Performance Of Conventional Solar Still Using The Nano-Doped Paint (Ndp) Coating, Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof.Dr, Nermin Elgendy Engineer, Ayman R. El-Tohamy

Journal of Engineering Research

Nations are throughout the entire globe continuously confronting the problem of potable water shortage. Recently, it has been thought that using solar energy to desalinate brackish water offers a practical answer to the world's water crises. The output of these stills, is meager, and academics haven't done much to boost it in any way. Solar distillers have been proposed as an efficient method to produce potable water. In recent years, saltwater has produced drinking water by various ways. The efficiency of a solar distiller is significantly influenced by various factors, most important factor of them is the absorber surface. In …

Engine Performance And Emissions Improvement Study On Direct Injection Of Diesel/Ammonia Dual Fuel By Adding Cng As Partially Premixed Charge, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof. Dr., Mohammed Osama Elsamadony Dr. Eng., Abdallah Salem Abdalhadi Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

Researchers have recently moved on in their studies to find a solution to prevent or reduce this problem. There have been directions taken by researchers to solve the problem, including, replacing fossil fuels with environmentally friendly types or by combining two or more types of fuel. This is by modifying fuel injection systems as appears in the PCCI, RCCI, or HCCI systems, or working to integrate the two trends by using new injection systems and burning alternative fuels with fossil fuels. Therefore, the trend has good results on the specific consumption of fuel, raising thermal efficiency, and working to reduce …

Experimental Study On The Impact Of Secondary Air Injection And Different Swirl Van Angles On Premixed Turbulent Flame Propagation And Emission Behaviors, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr. Eng., E. A. El Shenawy Prof. Dr., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof. Dr. Eng., Ibrahim Ali Mousa Eng., Mohamed M. Abdel-Raouf Ibrahim Dr. Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

The objective of the present paper is to investigate experimentally the flame characteristics utilizing different secondary air inlet direction for different primary air swirl numbers and equivalence fuel-air ratios. In this study, an experimental test rig was carried out to investigate the flame temperature and emission behavior with flame length at the equivalence fuel-air ratios taken0.96, 0.80, 0.70, and 0.60, and swirl vane angles were varied as 20, 30, 45, and 60° to generate different swirl numbers of 0.26, 0.416, 0.71 and 1.23, respectively. In addition to the introduction of secondary air in test combustor, whereas the primary air and …

The Effect Of An Existing Tunnel And A Newly Excavated Tunnel On Ground Loss Beneath Sand Slope-3d Numerical Study, Ashraf Nazir, Ahmed Nasr, Asmaa Saeed

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract- Most researchers perform their numerical models for tunnels by modeling perfectly horizontal ground surfaces above the tunnels. The prediction of surface settlement of a sandy slope due to the interaction mechanism between the slope and the tunnels is one of the critical problems in urban areas. As a result, in this work, a numerical analysis using PLAXIS 3D TUNNEL has been performed to investigate the effect of tunnel excavation on the deformation of a shallow sandy slope, and empirically by the Herzog method. The study also assesses the influence of parameters on slope deformation that have not been …

Photoluminescence Switching In Quantum Dots Connected With Carboxylic Acid And Thiocarboxylic Acid End-Group Diarylethene Molecules, Ephraiem S. Sarabamoun, Pramod Aryal, Jonathan M. Bietsch, Maurice Curran, Sugandha Verma, Grayson Johnson, Lucy U. Yoon, Amelia G. Reid, Esther H. R. Tsai, Charles W. Machan, Christopher Paolucci, Guijun Wang, Joshua J. Choi

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We contrast the switching of photoluminescence (PL) of PbS quantum dots (QDs) cross-linked with photochromic diarylethene molecules with different end groups, 4,4′-(1-cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid] (1C) and 4,4′-(1-cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenethiocarboxylic acid] (2T). Our results show that the QDs cross-linked with the carboxylic acid end group molecules (1C) exhibit a greater amount of switching in photoluminescence intensity compared to QDs cross-linked with the thiocarboxylic acid end group (2T). We also demonstrate that regardless of the molecule used, greater switching amounts are observed for smaller quantum dots. Varying these parameters allows for the fabrication of photoswitches with tunable PL change. We relate these observations to the …

Hybridization Kinetics Of Four-Way Junctions Localized On A Dna Scaffold, Katherine N. Taylor

Honors Undergraduate Theses

DNA computing is an ever-growing field with scientists trying to design structures that optimize logic gate communication to develop fast, biologically compatible, computational structures. We hypothesize that by using the principles of DNA computing, it is possible to design a DNA tile capable of studying localized DNA hybridization that can differentiate between oligonucleotides of different structural conformations. This includes synthetically manipulating DNA into a nanostructure that can perform Boolean logic functions to calculate the different rates of hybridization. To test our hypothesis, we designed a DNA Tile that incorporated a 4WJ using YES logic. Linear and hairpin single-stranded (ss) DNA …

Compton Scattering Of Mammographic Soft X-Ray Beams By Alkali And Transition Metal Salt Filters Produce X-Ray Interference Zones That May Have Treatment Potential For Localized Cancer Lesions, Subhendra N. Sarkar, Eric Lobel, Sabina Rakhmatova, Derbie Desir, Somdat Kissoon, Daler Djuraev, Katie Tam

Publications and Research

In breast x-ray imaging scattered radiation adds 50% of harmful radiation dose from anisotropic Compton scattering mechanism. We have been working with double layered inorganic salt materials that can induce Compton scattering to the incident mammographic x ray beams (in 20-30 kVp range) with adequate isotropy (angular control). Typically metal nitrates and alkali halide salt layers are shown here to cause low energy radiation interference zones with high and low photon intensities and local flux heterogeneity in terms of flux covariance. Spatial variation of low energy photon flux creates concentrated and sparse radiation zones that may be used to induce …

Quantification Of Antiretroviral Drug Emtricitabine In Human Plasma By Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, Marguerite R. Butler, Terry A. Jacot, Sucharita M. Dutta, Gustavo F. Doncel, John B. Cooper

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

In this study, reproducible label-free detection and quantification of the antiretroviral drug emtricitabine (FTC) down to 78 ng/mL in human plasma by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is presented. A novel plasma sample pretreatment method using silver nitrate and silver colloidal nanoparticles (Ag CNPs) was used to prepare the plasma samples for analysis. The pretreated plasma samples were evaporated to dryness on an aluminum surface and a computer-controlled Raman scanning system was used to collect spatially resolved SERS spectra of the entire surface. Calibration curves of commercial human plasma samples containing FTC in a concentration range of 5000 to 78 …

Binding Interactions Of Biologically Relevant Molecules Studied Using Surface-Modified And Nanostructured Surfaces, Palak Sondhi

Dissertations

This research focuses on the field of surface nanobioscience, wherein different nanosurfaces that will be used as working electrodes in the electrochemical cell are manufactured and surface modified to understand the critical binding interactions between biologically significant molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, small drug molecules, and glycoproteins. This research is essential if we are to determine whether a synthetic molecule can serve as a therapeutic candidate or diagnose a disease in its early stages. In order to fully understand the binding interactions, the study begins with defining some of the fundamental concepts, principles, and analytical tools for biosensing.

Afterwards, we addressed …

Thermal Dose Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli By Magnetic Induced Hyperthermia, Silverio A. Lopez, Carlos Trevino De Leo, Ivan Davila, Karen S. Martirosyan

Research Symposium

Background: Apoptosis of mutated cells via magnetic hyperthermia has gained advocacy as technology capable of being used in lieu of chemotherapy for targeting cancer tumors. Progress of nanotechnology offers effective remote heating of magnetic fluid via hyperthermia. The heating and specific power absorption of these nanoparticles use in the magnetic fluid are dependent on particle properties and treatment locations.

Methods: Nanoparticles were fabricated using microfluidic system by interaction of two solutions containing 2Fe(NO3)3+FeSO4 and NaOH+2%Dextran to create nanostructured media with a biocompatible dextran coating and a Fe3O4 core. The nanoparticles, of a concentration of 5mg/ml, were placed in a vile …

An Ngqd Based Diagnostic Tool For Pancreatic Cancer, Ryan Ketan Ajgaonkar, Bong Lee, Alina Valimukhametova, Anton Naumov, Giridhar Akkaraju

Research Symposium

Background: Pancreatic cancer remains difficult to detect at early stages which contributes to a poor five-yearsurvival rate. Therefore, early detection approaches based on novel technologies should be explored to address this critical health issue. Nanomaterials have recently emerged as frontrunners for diagnostic applications due to their small size in the 1-100 nm range, which facilitates one-on-one interactions with a variety of biomolecules like oligonucleotides and makes them suitable for a plethora of detection and delivery applications. In this work, the presence of specific pancreatic cancer miRNA (pre-miR-132) is detected utilizing the fluorescence properties of highly biocompatible nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots …

Atomistic Assessment Of Drug-Phospholipid Interactions Consequent To Cancer Treatment: A Study Of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity, Yara Elsayed Ahmed

Theses and Dissertations

Despite being one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents developed to date, Anthracyclines are notorious for their cardiotoxicity. Their clinical use is frequently limited both in dosage and in prescription due to the severe cardiac damage they cause. The mechanism of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is not yet fully understood. However, it is hypothesized that interactions with the myocardial membrane play an important role in imparting cardiotoxicity. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to study the anthracycline drug molecules and the interactions that they have with the myocardial membrane. We construct a myocardial membrane model …

Excitation Power Dependence Of Blinking In Copper-Indium-Sulfide Quantum Dots, Nicholas Chambers

Physics Undergraduate Honors Theses

Under continuous excitation, quantum dots exhibit random transitions between fluorescent ON states and non-fluorescent OFF states --- a phenomenon known as blinking. A physical description of the mechanism responsible for blinking that applies broadly to many types of quantum dots remains under debate. We study the blinking behavior of the non-toxic CuInS2 quantum dot, a system that has seen little investigation at the single-particle level. In particular, the optical properties of CuInS2 quantum are often improved by adding ZnS to the nanoparticles, but this addition leads to complex structural-optical property relationships that are even less understood. To probe the relationship …

Emergence Of Dental Nanomaterials: “Their Role In Performing Endodontic Therapy”, Chandrika Nama, John Wisniewski Dr.

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Development And Praxis Of Ph Drug Delivery System Contra Zika, Julissa Rodriguez

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

As the effects of global warming continue to spread throughout the world, another critical issue is slowly gaining attention in many urban tropical countries. The Emerging Infectious Diseases/ Pathogens list from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) listed the Zika virus as a potential pandemic threat. In 2015, an outbreak of Zika was noted in several South American countries until the spread reached an all-time high of 87 countries in 2017. During the outbreaks, adults affected were noted to have joint and muscle pains, fevers, and rashes. The worst cases reported would ultimately lead to Guillain-Barre symptoms. Still, pregnant women …

Effect Of Decorating Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles With Silver Nanoparticles On Their Magneto-Photo Thermal Heating Efficiency, Anthony Joseph Afful

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Cancer treatment is rather dangerous to the body, often involving many secondary effects, including nausea, hair loss, and weight fluctuations. The search for non-invasive, highly efficient, and targetable treatments ameliorates these issues. Super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) have been used for other medical purposes such as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent and is being extensively studied as a potential candidate for many cancer therapeutic and diagnostic approaches due to its biocompatibility and superior magnetic properties. When subjected to an external alternating magnetic field SPIONS generate heat mainly due to the friction of the SPIONS against the fluid it is …

Coulomb Blockade-Mediated Field Emission Sources Using Ultra-Nanocrystalline Diamond, Jevin Jensen

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Coulomb Blockade effects in field emission provide interesting means of achieving brighter electron sources for numerous applications, ranging from vacuum electronics to the next generation of electron beam technology. Microelectronics cleanroom methods are presented in this thesis for production of field emission sources moderated by the Coulomb Blockade. The use of common processes is an essential step toward widespread experimentation with Coulomb Blockade-mediated field emission apparatuses. The main feature to be explored is the use of nano-diamond films for their potential applicability for this desired outcome. Ultra-Nanocrystalline Diamond is used in two different ways to achieve this, both as a …

Enhancing Vanadium Redox Battery Performance Using Tungsten-Bismuth-Based Oxide Nanostructures As Electrode Modifiers, Taher Al Najjar

Theses and Dissertations

Renewable energy power plants require high efficiency conversion and storage systems that can store high amounts of energy and can be integrated with the electrical grid. Vanadium redox flow batteries are very promising for this application. However, one major drawback of VRFBs is their low power density which means that right now they cannot replace non-renewable energy sources. Different carbon materials are used as electrodes in VRFBs and each carbon material affects the battery’s performance in a different way. Modification of these electrodes can increase the power density of the battery. Some metal oxides like tungsten oxide can enhance vanadium …

Biomimetic And Medical Applications Of Hollow Nanoscale Structures, Justin Fang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Materials whose structure incorporates nanoscale void spaces have multiple possible uses, whether in a bulk form or as individual particles, due to the combination of high surface area ratios and nanoscale material properties. This thesis will explore a few of these possibilities, concentrating on potential biomimetic and biomedical applications, for two materials: metal- organic frameworks and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocages.

Metal-organic frameworks consist of metal ions such as Cu2+ which have highly porous lattice structures allowing them to absorb and release guest molecules such as peptides like diphenylalanine; this stored chemical energy can be turned into kinetic energy and used …

Development Of Optical Nanomaterial For Enhanced Cerenkov Imaging, Qize Zhang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cancer is a significant public health problem worldwide and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Imaging has increasingly been used over the last two decades to improve the diagnosis and guidance of tumor tissue removal surgery. Among the most widely used techniques for in vivo imaging are planar and tomographic fluorescence imaging and bioluminescence imaging. Despite their utility, these techniques are primarily restricted to preclinical use. Factors that have prevented translation from the bench to the bedside include depth-penetration considerations, regulatory issues, and toxicity. A recent development in nuclear imaging has been the ability to …

Lc-Ms Identification Of Serum Proteins Adsorbed Onto Ionic Liquid-Coated Nanoparticles, Anh M. Hoang

Honors Theses

Nanocarriers are promising candidates for drug delivery due to their size and tunable surface characteristics. However, when they are intravenously injected, few particles make it to their designated location. This is because upon entering the bloodstream, the serum in the blood, which is rich with a diversity of proteins, adsorbs onto the particles’ surfaces forming a protein corona. Many of the attached proteins trigger the mobile immune system and are removed by macrophages, and many particles are then filtered out by the liver and kidneys. Ionic Liquids (ILs), which consist of asymmetric, bulky components that are liquid

Structural And Computational Studies Of The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein Binding Mechanisms With Nanobodies: From Structure And Dynamics To Avidity-Driven Nanobody Engineering, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Nanobodies provide important advantages over traditional antibodies, including their smaller size and robust biochemical properties such as high thermal stability, high solubility, and the ability to be bioengineered into novel multivalent, multi-specific, and high-affinity molecules, making them a class of emerging powerful therapies against SARS-CoV-2. Recent research efforts on the design, protein engineering, and structure-functional characterization of nanobodies and their binding with SARS-CoV-2 S proteins reflected a growing realization that nanobody combinations can exploit distinct binding epitopes and leverage the intrinsic plasticity of the conformational landscape for the SARS-CoV-2 S protein to produce efficient neutralizing and mutation resistant characteristics. Structural …