Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Suicide Rates Among Adolescents And Young Adults In The Mountain West, Isabelle G. Graham, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet shows data on suicide death rates among adolescents aged 10 to 24 years in the Mountain West:Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Utah. This fact sheet includes data from a report published by the Center for Disease Control in the National Vital Statistics Report which examines adolescent suicide in the U.S.

Canadian Newspaper Coverage On Harm Reduction Featuring Bereaved Mothers: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Heather Morris, Cameron Wild, Marina Giovannoni, Rebecca Haines-Saah, Jakob Koziel, Petra Schulz, Hauwa Bwala, Diane Kunyk, Tania M. Bubela, Elaine Hyshka

Office of the Provost

A growing body of evidence suggests that news media which includes a sympathetic portrayal of a mother bereaved by substance use can increase public support for harm reduction initiatives. However, the extent to which such news media coverage occurs in Canada is unknown, and research has not documented how the news media in Canada covers such stories. We undertook a mixed-method secondary analyses of 5681 Canadian newspaper articles on harm reduction (2000–2016). Quantitative analyses described the volume and content of harm reduction reporting featuring a mother whose child’s death was related to substance use while qualitative thematic analysis provided in-depth …

Conference Proceedings: Select Abstracts Presented At 2023 Advocate Aurora Scientific Day

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

This abstract supplement includes findings presented at the 49th annual Advocate Aurora Scientific Day on May 24, 2023. The Scientific Day symposium provides a virtual forum for the sharing of preliminary results from research and case studies conducted by faculty, fellows, residents, and other health professionals associated with Illinois-based Advocate Health Care and Wisconsin-based Aurora Health Care.

A Message To Our 2023 Peer Reviewers: Thank You

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

As a multidisciplinary medical journal committed to a rigorous peer review process, the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews utilizes a diverse scholarly group of volunteer reviewers to evaluate the quality of and suggest improvements for original manuscript submissions. Each year, JPCRR publishes this citable acknowledgment as a means of expressing our editorial team’s sincere gratitude for the generous contributions made during the past 12 months by the below clinical, health research, and patient advocacy experts.

A Helping Hand Out Of The River: Refugee Perspectives For Provider Engagement, Brian L. Isakson, Elizabeth R. Stein, Alexandra Olson, Destiny Waggoner, Jill Holtz, Sara Ali, Suha Amer, Martin Ndayisenga

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: A growing number of refugee groups are seeking care within the U.S. health care system for medical, psychological, and social needs. Research is limited in understanding refugee-specific conceptualizations of helping relationships and provider characteristics that improve interactions in health systems. This study aimed to identify provider characteristics that facilitate engagement and helpfulness in a refugee-specific population from refugee participant voices to inform future practices of health care clinics.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with refugee participants were conducted to assess 1) experiences moving on from difficult experiences, 2) engagement with the health system, and 3) provider characteristics that facilitated engagement and …

Growth Rates And Histopathological Outcomes Of Small (6-9 Mm) Colorectal Polyps Based On Ct Colonography Surveillance And Endoscopic Removal, B Dustin Pooler, David H Kim, Kristina A Matkowskyj, Michael A Newton, Richard B Halberg, William M Grady, Cesare Hassan, Perry J Pickhardt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The natural history of small polyps is not well established and rests on limited evidence from barium enema studies decades ago. Patients with one or two small polyps (6-9 mm) at screening CT colonography (CTC) are offered CTC surveillance at 3 years but may elect immediate colonoscopy. This practice allows direct observation of the growth of subcentimetre polyps, with histopathological correlation in patients undergoing subsequent polypectomy.

DESIGN: Of 11 165 asymptomatic patients screened by CTC over a period of 16.4 years, 1067 had one or two 6-9 mm polyps detected (with no polyps ≥10 mm). Of these, …

N6-Methyladenosine-Mediated Overexpression Of Long Noncoding Rna Adamts9-As2 Triggers Neuroblastoma Differentiation Via Regulating Lin28b/Let-7/Mycn Signaling, Yun Liu, Jun Zhang, Fang Cao, Xiaobao Dong, Jie Li, Yanna Cao, Zhanglin Li, Yan Guo, Jie Yan, Yuanyuan Liu, Qiang Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuroblastomas have shed light on the differentiation disorder that is associated with spontaneous regression or differentiation in the same tumor at the same time. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) actively participate in a broad spectrum of biological processes. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNA regulation of differentiation in neuroblastomas remain largely unknown. Here, we sequenced clinical samples of ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and neuroblastoma. We compared transcription profiles of neuroblastoma cells, ganglion cells, and intermediate state cells; verified the profiles in a retinoic acid-induced cell differentiation model and clinical samples; and screened out the lncRNA ADAMTS9 antisense RNA 2 (ADAMTS9-AS2), which contributed …

Serving Those Who Served: Renegotiating Support And Benefits For U.S. Military Veterans With Less Than Honorable Discharges, Mariah Brennan, Emily Graham

Population Health Research Brief Series

Approximately 1 in 7 veterans are discharged from the military under less than “Honorable” conditions. Veterans with less than “Honorable” discharges experience bias and stigma related to their discharge, which can lead to elevated risk for behavioral and mental health challenges and homelessness. This brief summarizes the different military discharge types, explains how less than “Honorable” discharges can affect veteran health, identifies groups of veterans who are at risk of receiving a less than “Honorable” discharge, and makes policy recommendations for the Department of Defense (DoD), civilian employers, and community healthcare providers.

Early And Empirical High-Dose Cryoprecipitate For Hemorrhage After Traumatic Injury: The Cryostat-2 Randomized Clinical Trial, Ross Davenport, Nicola Curry, Erin E Fox, Helen Thomas, Joanne Lucas, Amy Evans, Shaminie Shanmugaranjan, Rupa Sharma, Alison Deary, Antoinette Edwards, Laura Green, Charles E Wade, Jonathan R Benger, Bryan A Cotton, Simon J Stanworth, Karim Brohi, Cryostat-2 Principal Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Critical bleeding is associated with a high mortality rate in patients with trauma. Hemorrhage is exacerbated by a complex derangement of coagulation, including an acute fibrinogen deficiency. Management is fibrinogen replacement with cryoprecipitate transfusions or fibrinogen concentrate, usually administered relatively late during hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether survival could be improved by administering an early and empirical high dose of cryoprecipitate to all patients with trauma and bleeding that required activation of a major hemorrhage protocol.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: CRYOSTAT-2 was an interventional, randomized, open-label, parallel-group controlled, international, multicenter study. Patients were enrolled at 26 UK and US …

Probe Into Mental Health Issues Caused By Major Natural Disasters And Crisis Interventions, Yankun Sun, Yimiao Gong, Xuebing Huang, Ying Qian, Siwei Sun, Hongguang Chen, Lin Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Major natural disasters not only cause severe personnel casualties and social losses, but also bring long-lasting mental health issues related to psychological trauma. Timely and efficient post-disaster crisis interventions can avoid indelible psychological damages that disasters bring to populations such as survivors, victims’ families, witnesses, and rescuers. This article overviews the impact of major natural disasters on mental health and the characteristics of post-disaster psychological crisis. It also summarizes previous experience in post-disaster crisis interventions. In addition, it probes into future post-disaster crisis interventions, including improvement of the legal system for crisis intervention, clarification of the role of the government …

Embryological Basis Of Polydactyly In 56 Years Old Male Patient, Sarayu M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Polydactyly is a common congenital hand deformity. The limb buds are the precursor structures of the limbs. Their formation begins in the 4th week, with the activation of mesenchymal cells in the somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm. As mesenchyme cells enter the limb region, they secrete factors that induce the overlying ectoderm to form a structure called the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). Polydactyly is the congenital deformities which is seen in 1000 births. To observe and study the various type of polydactyly in relation to the preaxial polydactyly and postaxial polydactyly with other classification. So, thumb polydactyly is a …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Dance Fundamental Movement Skill Intervention For Symptoms Of Depression And Anxiety In Children, Juanita Patterson-Price

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent mental health conditions in children. Rates of both disorders are rising, surpassing the capacity of available treatment services (albertapatients, 2022; Edwardson, 2022; Statistics Canada, 2020). Lack of treatment can often result in worsening of symptoms towards serious long-term effects (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2023). Additional treatment supports must be made available. The goal of this doctoral research is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of genre-inclusive dance as a psychosocial intervention for anxiety and depression in children. The first manuscript of this doctoral work shares lessons learned in a program evaluation using …

Initial Development Of Tools To Identify Child Abuse And Neglect In Pediatric Primary Care, Rochelle F Hanson, Vivienne Zhu, Funlola Are, Hannah Espeleta, Elizabeth Wallis, Paul Heider, Marin Kautz, Leslie Lenert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is prevalent, associated with long-term adversities, and often undetected. Primary care settings offer a unique opportunity to identify CAN and facilitate referrals, when warranted. Electronic health records (EHR) contain extensive information to support healthcare decisions, yet time constraints preclude most providers from thorough EHR reviews that could indicate CAN. Strategies that summarize EHR data to identify CAN and convey this to providers has potential to mitigate CAN-related sequelae. This study used expert review/consensus and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to develop and test a lexicon to characterize children who have experienced or are at risk …

Blood-Based Proteomic Signatures Associated With Men1-Related Duodenopancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Progression, Johannes F Fahrmann, Amanda R Wasylishen, Carolina R C Pieterman, Ehsan Irajizad, Jody Vykoukal, Ranran Wu, Jennifer B Dennison, Christine B Peterson, Hua Zhao, Kim-Anh Do, Daniel M Halperin, Sunita K Agarwal, Jenny E Blau, Smita Jha, Jaydira Del Rivero, Naris Nilubol, Mary F Walter, James M Welch, Lee S Weinstein, Menno R Vriens, Rachel S Van Leeuwaarde, Mark J C Van Treijen, Gerlof D Valk, Nancy D Perrier, Samir M Hanash, Hiroyuki Katayama

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) are predisposed to develop duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (dpNETs), and metastatic dpNET is the primary cause of disease-related mortality. Presently, there is a paucity of prognostic factors that can reliably identify patients with MEN1-related dpNETS who are at high risk of distant metastasis. In the current study, we aimed to establish novel circulating molecular protein signatures associated with disease progression.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling was conducted on plasmas procured through an international collaboration between MD Anderson Cancer Center, the National Institutes of Health, and the University Medical Center Utrecht from …

Psychosocial Impacts On Parents Of Mentally Challenged Children At Mangaluru, Sooraj Kookal Mr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Abstract

Introduction: Intellectually disabled children upset the mental, physical, social, and financial outlooks of the family in terms of their rearing and future. The support systems surrounding the parents of mentally retarded children play a vital role to lessen the burden associated with their special child. This study brings up some light on the psycho-social impacts on parents of Mentally challenged children who were attending special schools at Mangaluru. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the psychosocial impacts on parents of mentally challenged children. Further, to find the association between the psychosocial impact on …

Decriminalization Of Suicide In India, Kallabi Borah, Tessy Treesa Jose, Anil Kumar M Nagaraj

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography-Related Early Perforations: A Study Of Effects Of Procedure Duration, Complexity, And Endoscopist Experience, Mark Aloysius, Hemant Goyal, Tejas Nikumbh, Niraj James Shah, Ghassan M Hammoud, Pritesh Mutha, Mairin Joseph-Talreja, Savio John, Ganesh Aswath, Vaibhav Wadhwa, Nirav Thosani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Perforations (Perf) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are rare (< 1%) but potentially fatal events (up to 20% mortality). Given its rarity, most data is through case series studies from centers or analysis of large databases. Although a meta-analysis has shown fewer adverse events as a composite (bleeding, pancreatitis, Perf) during ERCP performed at high-volume centers, there is very little real-world data on endoscopist and center procedural volumes, ERCP duration and complexity on the occurrence of Perf.

AIM: To study the profile of Perf related to ERCP by center and endoscopist procedure volume, ERCP time, and complexity from a national endoscopic repository.

METHODS: Patients from clinical outcomes research initiative-national endoscopic database (2000-2012) who underwent ERCP were stratified based on the endoscopist and center volume (quartiles), and total procedure duration and complexity grade of the ERCP based on procedure details. The effects of these variables on the Perf that occurred were studied. Continuous variables were compared between Perf and no perforations (NoPerf) using the Mann-Whitney U test …

Screensafefuture: A Parent-Empathetic And Practical Mhealth Application For Toddlers' Brain Development Addressing Screen-Addiction Challenges, Nafisa Anjum

Master of Science in Information Technology Theses

The surging incidents of infants and toddlers screen addiction in the United States are becoming a pressing concern due to its detrimental and compound impact on cognitive development, mental health, and physical growth. To address this era's critical child health and human development problem, we propose an innovative mHealth application-- ScreenSafeFuture-- in this paper. ScreenSafeFuture provides practical and parent-friendly solutions that seamlessly fit into parents' busy lifestyles, also acknowledging the effectiveness and convenience of smartphones as a healthcare tool. Our offering includes essential features designed to enhance the experience between parents and their children under 3 years old. With an …

The Associations Of Parental Smoking, Quitting And Habitus With Teenager E-Cigarette, Smoking, Alcohol And Other Drug Use In Gui Cohort ’98, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy, Joan Hanafin

Articles

We analyse parental smoking and cessation (quitting) associations with teenager e-cigarette, alcohol, tobacco smoking and other drug use, and explore parental smoking as a mechanism for social reproduction. We use data from Waves 1–3 of Growing Up in Ireland (Cohort ’98). Our analytic sample consisted of n = 6,039 participants reporting in all 3 Waves. Data were collected in Waves 1 and 2 when the children were 9 and 13 years old and in Wave 3 at age 17/18 years. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models were used to analyse teenage substance use at Wave 3. Parental smoking was associated with …

Importance Of Geriatrics In Psychiatric Postgraduate Education, Dr Anand R, Dr Kishor M, Dr Murali M R

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Introduction

To assess the importance of Geriatrics in Psychiatric postgraduate education

Methodology

Marks allotted in question papers from Geriatrics in Psychiatry postgraduate examination from a university for a 5-year period was evaluated.

Discussion

1-6% of entire theory evaluation was related to Geriatric mental health topics predominantly on dementia and related disorders.

Relationship Between Parental Attachment Styles And Suicide In Adolescents And Adults Admitted To An Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital, Julia T Myerson, Jillian K Thomas, Katrina A Rufino, Nausheen Noor, Michelle A Patriquin

Staff and Researcher Publications

Background: Suicide is among one of the leading causes of death in the United States affecting individuals of all ages.

Methods: We examined the relationship between suicide risk and parental attachment among an inpatient psychiatric sample of 690 adolescents and 1000 adults. Participants completed self-report measures of suicide risk and attachment.

Results: We found that both adolescents and adults with insecure (i.e., preoccupied, dismissive, fearful) maternal and paternal attachment are at a significantly higher risk of suicide compared to those with secure maternal and paternal attachment. Adolescents who endorsed a previous suicide attempt (27.2 %) were less likely to have …

The Increasing Vulnerability Of African Youths To Mental Health Disorders: Risk Factors, Advocacy And Recommendations, Fidelis Ikechukwu Edeh, Abdullateef Ridwanullah Olamide

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

There is no abstract for this article type.

Sexual Minorities Are More Depressed And Anxious Than Heterosexuals In The U.S., Especially Among Women, Joshua Grove

Population Health Research Brief Series

Depression and anxiety are harmful to health. People who suffer from depression or anxiety are more likely to engage in risky health behaviors and have higher risk of various chronic diseases and premature death. This data slice uses data from the 2022 National Wellbeing Survey to explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety among U.S. adults ages 18-64. The results show that sexual minority adults are significantly more likely than those who identify as heterosexual to suffer from depression and anxiety, and differences in prevalence rates between sexual minority and heterosexual women are larger than the differences between men.

Psychiatric Morbidity And Dental Problems Among Women From Institutional Care, Meghana Hanchate, Kishor M, Ashwini T S

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Correlations Between Mental Health, Physical Activity, And Body Composition In American College Students After The Covid-19 Pandemic Lockdown, Luis Torres, Manuela C Caciula, Alin S Tomoiaga, Carmen Gugu-Gramatopol

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic had forced American college students to significantly reduce their daily energy expenditure and increase their sedentary behaviors, thus presumably increasing mental health symptoms, decreasing physical activity levels, and enhancing the promotion of unhealthy eating habits. This study aimed to explore the correlations between mental health symptoms, physical activity levels, and body composition in college students in the years following the pandemic, focusing on the lingering effects of lockdown measures. American college students completed pre-existing, well-validated surveys for both mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Long Form). Body …

Charting And Checking For Suicidality In A Family Medicine Residency Clinic, Bridget Murphy, Stacy Ogbeide

Journal of Human Services Scholarship and Interprofessional Collaboration

Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, and many individuals who die by suicide are likely to have seen a primary care physician (PCP) within the month of their death. Thus, the goal of this quality improvement (QI) project was to examine suicidality documentation practices of interprofessional clinicians within a Family Medicine residency clinic, thus providing rationale for continued research and a template for other clinics to emulate. The QI project used the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle to survey 28 Family Medicine residents, faculty, and trainees for the Plan stage of the cycle in 2022 and assessed their …

Appendiceal Neoplasms In Patients Treated With Antibiotics For Acute Appendicitis: Secondary Analysis Of The Coda Randomized Clinical Trial, Writing Group For The Coda Collaborative

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Workplace Violence Against Healthcare Workers In Pakistan; Call For Action, If Not Now, Then When? A Systematic Review, Syeda Tayyaba Rehan, Mishal Shan, Syed Hasan Shuja, Zayeema Khan, Hassan Ul Hussain, Rohan Kumar Ochani, Asim Shaikh, Iqbal Ratnani, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan, Salim Surani

Department of Medicine

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a global problem that affects healthcare workers' physical and mental health and impairs work performance. Pakistan's healthcare system is not immune to WPV, which the World Health Organization recognises as an occupational hazard.
Objectives: The primary objective of this systematic review is to determine the prevalence of physical, verbal, or other forms of WPV in healthcare workers in Pakistan. Secondary objectives include identifying the associated risk factors and perpetrators of WPV.
Methods: A systematic review of six electronic databases was conducted through August 2022. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: 1) healthcare …

Advances In Deep Brain Stimulation: From Mechanisms To Applications, Stephanie S Sandoval-Pistorius, Mallory L Hacker, Allison C Waters, Jing Wang, Nicole R Provenza, Coralie De Hemptinne, Kara A Johnson, Melanie A Morrison, Stephanie Cernera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for various neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, involving chronic implantation of electrodes into target brain regions for electrical stimulation delivery. Despite its safety and efficacy, DBS remains an underutilized therapy. Advances in the field of DBS, including in technology, mechanistic understanding, and applications have the potential to expand access and use of DBS, while also improving clinical outcomes. Developments in DBS technology, such as MRI compatibility and bidirectional DBS systems capable of sensing neural activity while providing therapeutic stimulation, have enabled advances in our understanding of DBS mechanisms and its application. In this …

Pharmacotherapies Targeting Gaba-Glutamate Neurotransmission For Treatment-Resistant Depression, Courtney M Vecera, Alan C Courtes, Gregory Jones, Jair C Soares, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a term used to describe a particular type of major depressive disorder (MDD). There is no consensus about what defines TRD, with various studies describing between 1 and 4 failures of antidepressant therapies, with or without electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). That is why TRD is such a growing concern among clinicians and researchers, and it explains the necessity for investigating novel therapeutic targets beyond conventional monoamine pathways. An imbalance between two primary central nervous system (CNS) neurotransmitters, L-glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has emerged as having a key role in the pathophysiology of TRD. In this …