Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Widening The Disparity Gap: Differences In Outcomes For Racial And Ethnic Groups In Youth Substance Abuse Prevention Programming, Changsoo Song, Jennifer N. Rutt, Mindy Anderson-Knott

UNL Office of Research and Innovation, Social/Behavioral Sciences Research Consortium

This study examined racial and ethnic differences in the outcomes of a universal evidence-based program targeted to children and adolescents. Using data collected in 2015 and 2016 from the Alcohol: True Stories Hosted by Matt Damon program (N = 925), the study found the outcome of perceptions on risk of harm from alcohol use significantly different between the group of White respondents and the group of non-White respondents, and between the group of Hispanic respondents and the group of non-Hispanic respondents. Program effectiveness was found only among White and non-Hispanic respondents, widening the already existing gap between these populations.

Protocol For A Feasibility Study Of Group-Based Focused Psychosocial Support To Improve The Psychosocial Well-Being And Functioning Of Adults Affected By Humanitarian Crises In Nepal: Group Problem Management Plus (Pm+), M Sangrawla, E Van Hof, N Luitel, E Turner, K Marahatta, Brandon A. Kohrt

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

The prevalence of common mental disorders increases in humanitarian emergencies while access to services to address them decreases. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is a brief five-session trans-diagnostic psychological WHO intervention employing empirically supported strategies that can be delivered by non-specialist lay-providers under specialist supervision to adults impaired by distress. Two recent randomized controlled trials in Pakistan and Kenya demonstrated the efficacy of individuallydelivered PM+. To make PM+ more scalable and acceptable in different contexts, it is important to develop a group version as well, with 6–8 participants in session. A study is needed to demonstrate the feasibility and …

Spotlight On Once-Monthly Long-Acting Injectable Aripiprazole And Its Potential As Maintenance Treatment For Bipolar I Disorder In Adult Patients., Vanessa Torres-Llenza, Pooja Lakshmin, Daniel Z Lieberman

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

The lack of long-term medication adherence is a challenge in the treatment of bipolar disorder, particularly during the maintenance phase when symptoms are less prominent. The rate of nonadherence is ~20%-60% depending on how strict a definition is used. Nonadherence worsens the course of bipolar disorder and can add hundreds of thousands of dollars to the lifetime cost of treating the illness. Long-acting injectable (LAI) medication is an attractive alternative to daily dosing of oral medication, especially among patients who are ambivalent about treatment. The purpose of this paper is to review the evidence for the safety and efficacy of …

Factors Affecting Disordered Eating Among College Freshmen Upon Entering College, Libby Micaela Moser

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: There is a gap in literature on disordered eating among college freshmen since 2011. Research has shown that disordered eating manifests itself during adolescence and is likely to transcend into adulthood1,7,8,9,14,15. The freshmen year in college is likely to be challenging for many students. During this time, they may develop disordered eating or perpetuate an existing condition3,4,14,15. This research study investigated the prevalence of disordered eating among college freshmen and factors that may impact this development. A comparison of prior history of disordered eating was also examined.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted on college freshmen at Northern …

Breastfeeding As A Mechanism To Reduce Postpartum Depression With Weight As A Major Contributing Factor In Hispanic Women, Celia Wilson

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is the most common childbearing-related illness around the globe affecting both mothers and their children; yet minimal longitudinal research has been done to study the effect of depressive symptomatology on breastfeeding. This study analyzes how the benefits of breastfeeding past six months, postpartum, can be used as a treatment mechanism for postpartum depression (PPD) with the major contributing factor of gestational weight gain (GWG) in Hispanic women recently immigrated to the United States. I investigated journal articles in four main domains: the likelihood of women presenting with depressive symptomatology as a result of weight gain to initiate …

The Relationship Between In-Session Commitment Language And Daily Self-Reported Commitment To Reduce Or Abstain From Drinking, Alexis Kuerbis, Jessica Houser, Paul Amrhein, Hayley Treloar Padovano, Jon Morgenstern

Publications and Research

Background: Motivational interviewing is hypothesized to operate by enhancing a client’s internal motivation to change. Past research operationalizes this process by measuring in-session statements for change (i.e., change talk), yet relationships between change talk and other measures of motivation have yet to be substantiated. This study tested whether in-session change talk predicted subsequent reports of commitment to abstain or moderate drinking assessed via ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and explored each of their contributions to drinking outcomes. Method: Secondary data analysis was performed on data from 48 study participants who received therapy within a randomized controlled trial testing mechanisms of actions …

Understanding Perceptions Of Child Maltreatment Risk: A Qualitative Study Of Early Head Start Home Visitors, Alayna Schreier, Kelsey Mccoy, Mary F. Flood, Brian Wilcox, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start are at increased risk for child maltreatment. Within Early Head Start, home visitors are in a unique position to identify the families most likely to experience maltreatment by identifying characteristics and behaviors of children, caregivers, families, and environments that are of concern. However, research has demonstrated that home visitors are often ill-equipped to identify and address risk factors such as parental mental health concerns, substance abuse, and domestic violence. Further, little is known about how home visitors understand and perceive risk for maltreatment and identify vulnerable families. The study sought to identify …

Can Depression Screening Be Integrated Into Busy Hiv Clinics In Malawi? Early Results Demonstrate Its Feasibility And Acceptability, Project Soar—Malawi Mental Health

HIV and AIDS

Integration of depression screening and treatment into HIV care may prove critical to achievement of the 90–90–90 goals in Malawi and elsewhere in the region. Project SOAR has partnered with the Malawi Ministry of Health to implement and evaluate the integration of a depression management program into HIV care in Malawi. This brief focuses on initial results from the screening phase, which show that more than 90 percent of patients have been appropriately screened for depression. Based on a first round of qualitative interviews, the program has been well received by clinic staff and patients. The brief lists key lessons …

Lgb Help-Seeking For Mental Health And Substance Abuse Services In Rural Northern Michigan, Jennifer Towns

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals are often exposed to stressors based on their nonheterosexual status; they may have unique needs related to help-seeking for mental health in a rural area where more people identify as religious or as politically conservative. To date, there have been no studies on the mental health help-seeking experiences of LGB individuals in rural Northern Michigan. This qualitative, single case study was completed to explore the help-seeking experiences of 10 LGB individuals who were recruited through criterion and snowball sampling. In-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted. Transcribed interview data were entered into Nvivo software for …

Differential Treatment Outcome Factors For Custodial And Noncustodial Mental Health Care Programs, Sheila Fay Waters

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have suggested that jails and prisons in the United States are becoming the new mental health clinics, contributing to the phenomenon of mass incarceration and costing upwards of $15 billion per year in public revenue. The problem is no conclusive evidence exists that treatment in these custodial environments is more effective than that provided by noncustodial programs; especially for substance users. Additionally, the continuing incarceration of people with mental health problems by the hundreds of thousands poses a difficult ethical dilemma regarding why this population does not receive noncustodial or hospital treatment instead. The study addressed the research question …

Reintegration Among Combat Veterans Suffering From Psychological Conditions, Virginia Falck

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Active duty personnel as well as combat veterans of the United States often engage in military operations during their service that require deployments to participate in missions, which may lead to extended periods away from home. When active duty men and women are appointed to combat zones, they may return with psychological burdens such as post traumatic stress disorder, which can complicate their reintegration into civilian life. This study explored the experiences of combat veterans who faced challenges when returning home from a war zone, along with the experiences of their family members. The study involved 26 combat veterans, spouses, …

Trauma And Juvenile Justice In Carson City, Nevada, Ali M

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Nevada State Juvenile Justice and School systems do not currently screen or treat juveniles for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Left untreated, PTSD may contribute to behaviors that can lead to engagement with the juvenile justice system and contribute to high rates of recidivism and possible future engagement with the adult justice system. Using Erickson's theory of psychological development as the foundation, the purpose of this case study was to explore whether, from the perspectives of key stakeholders whether interventions and prevention services for juvenile justice clients in Carson City met the needs of youthful offenders also diagnosed with PTSD. …

Length Of Pretrial Detainment For Inmates With Mental Illness, Maria Pereira-Sosa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There has been an increase in the number of individuals with mental illness being housed in correctional facilities over the last 50 years. In this study, the length of pretrial detention was compared for inmates who have a mental illness and are compliant with psychiatric medications, inmates who have a mental illness and are noncompliant or not prescribed psychiatric medication, and inmates with no mental illness. I also examined if inmates who have a mental illness have less severe charges and if there was a difference in the classification of mental health diagnoses for inmates who are and are not …

Association Of Dietary Intake With Suicidal Ideation Or Suicide Attempts In Adolescents, Zenobia J. Bryant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Suicide is among the leading cause of adolescent deaths worldwide and thus a significant public health concern. Risk factors for suicidal behavior include drinking alcohol, smoking, and engaging in risky sexual behaviors. One area of concern is dietary patterns and their association with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Bandura's social cognitive theory emphasizes the assumption that one can perform specific actions to bring about desired outcomes. The primary research questions for this quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional study concerned whether there is a statistically significant interaction between fruit and vegetable intake and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. Data from 71,776 adolescents in …

Modeling Geographic Factors And Assessing Their Accuracy In Identifying Health Disparities In Fayette County, Ian Jones

Lewis Honors College Capstone Collection

The purpose of this capstone is to conduct a review of existing literature to determine the effects of a variety of geographic variables on health and wellness. The student will use their findings to create a visual aid to displaying these geographic factors and their distributions within Fayette County. Furthermore, the student will analyze the intersection of these variables to predict potential pockets of discrepancy within Fayette County. Based on this analysis, the student will propose possible interventions with a basis in current literature. This project will provide the student with the opportunity to conduct a study of existing literature, …

Teaching Third-Year Medical Students To Address Patients’ Spiritual Needs In The Surgery/Anesthesiology Clerkship, Holly G. Atkinson, David Fleenor, Susan M. Lerner, Edward Poliandro, Joseph Truglio

Publications and Research

Introduction: Despite many patients wanting physicians to inquire about their religious/spiritual beliefs, most physicians do not make such inquiries. Among physicians who do, surgeons are less likely than family and general practitioners and psychiatrists to do so.

Methods: To address this gap, we developed a 60-minute curriculum that follows the Kolb cycle of experiential learning for third-year medical students on their surgery/anesthesiology clerkship. The session includes definitions of religion/spirituality, an overview of the literature on spirituality in surgery, a review of the FICA Spiritual History Tool, discussion of the role of the chaplain and the process of initiating a chaplain …

Determinants Of Health Disparities Among African And Caucasian Americans With Chronic Kidney Disease, Renal Cell Carcinoma, And End-Stage Renal Disease, Kathleen Cosgrove

The Graduate Review

Many studies have confirmed the disparity that black patients have an increased prevalence of severely impaired kidney function compared to whites. Without dialysis, or a kidney transplant, chronic kidney disease will progress to a fatal prognosis of end-stage kidney failure. The most common type of kidney cancer, renal cell carcinoma, occurs most often in adult males, age 50-70. Diabetes and hypertension are two of the most determinant factors of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States, which most often develops following a chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis. The poor are most susceptible to disease due to high risk community …

Evaluating State Mental Health And Addiction Parity Statutes: A Technical Report, Megan Douglas, Glenda Wrenn, Samantha Bent-Weber, Lauren Tonti, Garry Carneal, Torie Keeton, Jessica Grillo, Sharon Rachel, David Lloyd, Eve Byrd, Benjamin F. Miller, Albert Lang, Ron Manderscheid, Joe Parks

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

At an event recognizing the 10th anniversary of the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA), the Kennedy-Satcher Center for Mental Health Equity in the Satcher Health Leadership Institute at Morehouse School of Medicine, The Kennedy Forum, The Carter Center, and Well Being Trust (WBT) jointly released “Evaluating State Mental Health and Addiction Parity Statutes,” with 32 states receiving a failing grade for statues designed to ensure equal access to mental health and addiction treatment.

The state-by-state report cards assess the strength of mental health and substance use disorder parity laws. Wyoming (F, 10), Arizona (F, 26), …

Alcohol Policy Initiatives Of Post-Secondary Institutions In The State Of Kentucky: An Evaluation Of Best Practice Strategies To Reduce Binge Drinking, Deniece Bell

Online Theses and Dissertations

Binge drinking has become a matter of public health. The legal drinking age is 21 in the United States; however, binge drinking by underage college students is prevalent, alarming, and consequential (Malloy & Goldman, 2002). This polarizing topic has caused great concern among policy makers, legal experts, constituents and organizations alike, and as a result they have acted with a sense of urgency to implement policies and evidence-based recommendations for prevention and treatment (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services Alcohol and Health, 1990).

The purpose of this study was to examine the current alcohol policy initiatives among four …

Evaluating The Needs Of Cancer Survivors Through Focus Groups And Surveillance Data, Maria George Mph, Taylor Seaton Ms, Diana Haggerty M.S., Debbie Webster Bsn, Rn, Lmsw

Michigan Journal of Public Health

Introduction

As cancer prevention and treatment advances, cancer survival rates continue to increase. The growing population of cancer survivors have unique needs that must be addressed to improve quality of life throughout the cancer-care continuum.

Methods

Using data compiled from the Michigan cancer registry, the Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (MiBRFS), and focus groups, several areas of need amongst cancer survivors were identified. The cancer registry provides information on incidence and survival rates to help understand the burden of cancer; this Quantitative data from the Michigan cancer registry and MiBRFS can supplement the qualitative data gained from the focus groups. …

Internet Use By Older Adults With Bipolar Disorder: International Survey Results, Rita Bauer, Tasha Glenn, Sergio Strejilevich, Jörn Conell, Martin Alda, Raffaella Ardau, Bernhard T. Baune, Michael Berk, Yuly Bersudsky, Amy Bilderbeck, Alberto Bocchetta, Angela Marianne Paredes Castro, Eric Y. W. Cheung, Caterina Chillotti, Sabine Choppin, Alessandro Cuomo, Maria Del Zompo, Rodrigo Dias, Seetal Dodd, Anne Duffy, Bruno Etain, Andrea Fagiolini, Miryam Fernández Hernandez, Julie Garnham, John Geddes, Jonas Gildebro, Michael J. Gitlin, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Guy M. Goodwin, Paul Grof, Hirohiko Harima, Stefanie Hassel, Chantal Henry, Diego Hidalgo‑Mazzei, Anne Hvenegaard Lund, Vaisnvy Kapur, Girish Kunigiri, Beny Lafer, Erik Roj Larsen, Ute Lewitzka, Ramus Licht, Blazej Misiak, Patryk Piotrowski, Ângela Miranda-Scippa, Scott Monteith, Rodrigo Munoz, Takako Nakanotani, René E. Nielsen, Claire O'Donovan, Yasushi Okamura, Yamima Osher, Andreas Reif, Philipp Ritter, Janusz K. Rybakowski, Kemal Sagduyu, Brett Sawchuk, Elon Schwartz, Claire Slaney, Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman, Kirsi Suominen, Aleksandra Suwalska, Peter Tam, Yoshitaka Tatebayashi, Leonardo Tondo, Julia Veeh, Eduard Vieta, Maj Vinberg, Biju Viswanath, Mark Zetin, Peter C. Whybrow, Michael Bauer

Marriage and Family Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: The world population is aging and the number of older adults with bipolar disorder is increasing. Digital technologies are viewed as a framework to improve care of older adults with bipolar disorder. This analysis quantifies Internet use by older adults with bipolar disorder as part of a larger survey project about information seeking.

Methods: A paper-based survey about information seeking by patients with bipolar disorder was developed and translated into 12 languages. The survey was anonymous and completed between March 2014 and January 2016 by 1222 patients in 17 countries. All patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist. …

Assessment Of Stress Related Issues And Coping Mechanisms Among College Students, Emeka Okoro

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research was to identify frequency of stressors and evaluate current levels of stress of undergraduate students. This study also analyzed and identified coping strategies implemented by college students. Two surveys were used in this study. The University Stress Scale developed by Stallman (2009) was used to identify perceived stressors and measure stress levels of participants. Brief Cope Inventory developed by Carver (1997) was used to assess coping strategies.

SPSS was used for data analysis and computation of scores. Academic/coursework demands was the highest perceived stressor among sampled undergraduates. Procrastination, study/life balance, finances and money problems were …

Case For House Resolution 107, Kaitlyn Coleman

Honors Projects

No abstract provided.

Mental Health And Drivers Of Need In Emergent And Non-Emergent Emergency Department (Ed) Use: Do Living Location And Non-Emergent Care Sources Matter?, Moira C. Mcmanus, Robert J. Cramer, Maureen Boshier, Muge Akpinar-Elci, Bonnie Van Lunen

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Emergency department (ED) utilization has increased due to factors such as admissions for mental health conditions, including suicide and self-harm. We investigate direct and moderating influences on non-emergent ED utilization through the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Through logistic regression, we examined correlates of ED use via 2014 New York State Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System outpatient data. Consistent with the primary hypothesis, mental health admissions were associated with emergent use across models, with only a slight decrease in effect size in rural living locations. Concerning moderating effects, Spanish/Hispanic origin was associated with increased likelihood …

The Systemic Multigenerational Implications Of Education: Second-Generation Haitian- American College Graduates’ Perspectives, Daphney Farah Lundi

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

Similar to other immigrant populations in the United States, Haitians have a migratory history of escaping from political turmoil, natural disasters, and extreme poverty (Zephir, 2004). However, Haitian Americans remain one of the underserved populations in the United States. Marginalized yet resilient, Haitian families in the U.S. continue to display strength in the face of adversity. Second-generation Haitian-American college graduates are the evidence of such strengths. There is very little research focused on second-generation Haitian-American college graduates’ perspective on the possible familial influences pertaining to education. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) design and Bowen’s Family Systems Theory as a …

A Grounded Theory Investigation Of Adaptations To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Jeffrey Michael Friedman

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) include childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, and household dysfunction. Much has been reported about the detrimental outcomes associated with these experiences. The associated negative outcomes of ACEs can include addiction, suicide, disability, teenage pregnancy, and early death. However, it is well known that many people experience ACEs and do very well. Rather than viewing negative outcomes only as symptoms of trauma and positive outcomes only as signs of resilience, it is possible to consider adaptations. This study focused on how adults adapted to their adverse childhood experiences. Data were collected …

ผลของโปรแกรมการฝึกการตระหนักรู้ในตนเองต่อระดับการรับรู้สติ 5 ด้านและความเครียดของผู้ป่วยมีความผิดปกติของการใช้สารกลุ่มแอมเฟตามีนที่เข้ารับการรักษาในสถาบันบำบัดรักษาและฟื้นฟูผู้ติดยาเสพติดแห่งชาติบรมราชชนนี, นพดล โสภณวรกิจ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

จากปัญหาอัตราการกลับไปเสพสารเสพติดซ้ำของผู้เข้ารับการบำบัดมีแนวโน้มเพิ่มขึ้นทุกปี โดยสาเหตุหนึ่งเกิดจากการขาดการรับรู้ถึงความสามารถของตน ซึ่งการพัฒนาการตระหนักรู้ในตนเองเป็นอีกหนทางหนึ่งในการส่งเสริมการรับรู้ถึงความสามารถของตนอย่างเหมาะสม การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของโปรแกรมการฝึกการตระหนักรู้ในตนเองของผู้ป่วยมีความผิดปกติของการใช้สารกลุ่มแอมเฟตามีน โดยเป็นการศึกษาเชิงกึ่งทดลอง แบบศึกษากลุ่มเดียววัดผลก่อนและหลัง เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากผู้ป่วยที่เข้ารับการบำบัดที่แผนกผู้ป่วยในของสถาบันบำบัดรักษาและฟื้นฟูผู้ติดยาเสพติดแห่งชาติบรมราชชนนี จำนวน 40 คน ซึ่งเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมการฝึก 4 หัวข้อ ได้แก่ 1) การสังเกตและรับรู้ในตนเอง, 2) การฝึกปล่อยวางอารมณ์ รู้ทันความคิด, 3) การตระหนักรู้ในชีวิตประจำวัน และ 4) การวางแผนการดำเนินชีวิตในระยะยาวผ่านการมองหาคุณค่าของบุคคลรอบข้าง รวม 4 ครั้ง ในระยะเวลา 2 สัปดาห์ เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัยประกอบด้วย 1) แบบสอบถามข้อมูลพื้นฐานและข้อมูลส่วนตัว 2) แบบวัดการรับรู้ของสติใน 5 ด้าน 3) แบบประเมินความเครียด กรมสุขภาพจิต ใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนาในการอธิบายลักษณะทั่วไปของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง วิเคราะห์เปรียบเทียบผลก่อนและหลังการเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมด้วยสถิติ pair t-test และวิเคราะห์หาความสัมพันธ์ด้วยค่าสหสัมพันธ์แบบ Pearson จากผลการศึกษาพบว่าหลังจากเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมการรับรู้สติทั้งในภาพรวมและจำแนกตามองค์ประกอบ 5 ด้าน ได้แก่ ด้านการสังเกต ด้านการบรรยายเป็นคำพูด ด้านการรับรู้อิริยาบถ ด้านการไม่ตัดสิน ด้านการไม่ตอบสนองต่อความรู้สึกมีค่าคะแนนสูงขึ้น ในขณะที่ค่าคะแนนความเครียดลดลง โดยมีค่านัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 คือ 0.001*, 0.113, 0.035*, 0.037*, 0.281, 0.049* และ 0.008* ตามลำดับ และไม่พบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างลักษณะประชากรและผลต่างของค่าคะแนนก่อน-หลังเข้าร่วมโปรแกรม ผลดังกล่าวแสดงให้เห็นว่าโปรแกรมการฝึกมีประสิทธิภาพในการเพิ่มระดับการตระหนักรู้ในตนเองของผู้เข้าร่วม อีกทั้งสามารถนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ในผู้ป่วยทั้งที่เคยและไม่เคยมีประสบการณ์การฝึกเจริญสติได้ ซึ่งมีความเป็นไปได้ในการช่วยลดปัญหาการกลับมาเสพสารเสพติดซ้ำในผู้เข้ารับการบำบัดรักษาในอนาคต

รูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาและการรังแกกันในโรงเรียนของนักเรียนระดับชั้นมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น เขตอำเภอเมือง จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี, รักษ์พล สุระขันธ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อหาความชุกของกลุ่มประสบการณ์รังแกและการใช้รูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาของกลุ่มประสบการณ์รังแกของกลุ่มตัวอย่างคือนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้น (อายุ 12-15 ปี) อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี จำนวน 376 คน โดยใช้ใช้วิธีการสุ่มอย่างง่าย (simple random sampling) เก็บข้อมูลระหว่างเดือนพฤศจิกายน – ธันวาคม พ.ศ.2561 เครื่องมือที่ใช้เก็บข้อมูลประกอบด้วย แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล, The revised Olweus bully/victim questionnaire และ แบบวัดการเผชิญปัญหาของวัยรุ่น (Adolescent Coping Scale) วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ผลการวิจัยมีรายละเอียดดังนี้ กลุ่มทั้งผู้รังแกและถูกรังแกร้อยละ 39.89,กลุ่มที่ไม่เกี่ยวข้องร้อยละ 30.59, กลุ่มผู้ถูกรังแกมีร้อยละ 23.67 และกลุ่มผู้รังแกร้อยละ 5.85 ทั้ง 4 กลุ่มมีรูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาที่แตกต่างกันในแต่ละด้าน ด้านจัดการกับปัญหาโดยใช้ความสามารถของตนเอง กลุ่มที่ไม่เกี่ยวข้องมีคะแนนรูปแบบเผชิญปัญหาด้านนี้มากที่สุด, ด้านจัดการกับปัญหาโดยใช้แหล่งสนับสนุนอื่นๆและด้านหลีกเลี่ยงปัญหา กลุ่มผู้ถูกรังแกมีคะแนนรูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาด้านนี้มากที่ รูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาเป็นวิธีที่จะใช้จัดการกับความเครียดแต่ละคนมีรูปแบบที่เหมือนหรือต่างกัน อย่างไรก็ตามฐานข้อมูลเรื่องรูปแบบการเผชิญปัญหาของกลุ่มประสบการณ์รังแกในไทยและต่างประเทศยังมีไม่มากและการศึกษาที่ผ่านมายังพบข้อสรุปที่ทั้งเหมือนและแตกต่างกัน

Comparing Daily Drivers Of Problem Drinking Among Older And Younger Adults: An Electronic Daily Diary Study Using Smartphones, Alexis Kuerbis, Hayley Treloar Padovano, Sijing Shao, Jessica Houser, Frederick Muench, Jon Morgenstern

Publications and Research

Background—By 2030, numbers and proportions of older adults with substance-use problems are expected to increase. While risk factors for problem drinking in late life have been identified, it remains unknown whether these factors drive daily drinking among older problem drinkers. This study examined the daily drivers of drinking among problem drinkers, moderated by age, utilizing ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Method—Participants (N=139), ages 20–73, received daily EMA online surveys completed via a smartphone prior to initiation of treatment. Multilevel modeling tested the moderating impact of age on within- and between-person relationships between drinking and focal predictors (mood, loneliness, boredom, stress, poor …

Exploration Of Treatment Matching To Problem Drinker Characteristics With Motivational Interviewing And Non-Directive Client-Centered Psychotherapy For Problem Drinkers, Alexis Kuerbis, Jessica Houser, Svetlana Levak, Sijing Shao, Jon Morgenstern

Publications and Research

Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a known effective intervention for alcohol use disorder (AUD). MI's mechanisms of action remain inconsistently substantiated, and research in this area has been reliant on identifying relationships through strength of association rather than experimental manipulation of active ingredients. In two previous studies, a pilot and a larger replication study, we disaggregated MI into its hypothesized active ingredients by creating three conditions: MI, Spirit Only MI (SOMI, in which evocation of change talk was proscribed), and a non-therapy condition (NTC). Results from both studies yielded equivalent findings across all three conditions. In the current analyses, data from …