Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Family Medicine’S Role In Addressing The Intersections Of Redlining And Climate Change, Daryl O. Traylor, Eboni E. Anderson, Brianna Clark, Alex M. Smith, Cooper K. Allenbrand

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

Redlining, the practice of discriminating against specific neighborhoods based on race and socioeconomic status, leads to persistent environmental hazards and socioeconomic inequalities that have lasting adverse health effects on their populations. Health disparities are further exacerbated through the concentration of environmental hazards, as well as the escalating impact of climate change, which poses an increased risk of respiratory illness, cardiovascular disease, mental health issues, heat-related illness, infectious diseases, food insecurity, and socioeconomic difficulties in redline neighborhoods.

This paper examines the interplay of redlining, climate change, and health disparities, with an emphasis on the enduring consequences for these marginalized communities. Through …

An Ot Needs Assessment For Children And Families Residing In Shelters, Jessie Siono, Susan Macdermott

Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

This study created a needs assessment is to determine the unique occupational deficits of children and their families in California experiencing homelessness within a shelter setting via recording their lived experiences. A local family shelter was analyzed via observation and interviews with staff and residents of the shelter. The results were compiled into a facility assessment to identify supports and barriers to occupation. Results were also utilized to complete an occupational needs assessment for families and children living in homeless shelters. The study determined the occupational needs and occurrences of occupational deficits that were experienced by residents of the family …

Exercise Is Medicine- On Campus, Ryssa Schlaefli

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Exercise is Medicine on Campus (EIM-OC) envisions a campus culture where all members, across various fields, embrace and implement its principles to transform chronic disease prevention and management. Exercise is Medicine-On Campus fosters collaborative relationships and leadership within the campus community by advertising a healthy lifestyle through fun activities to those studying other Majors/Concentrations. Through a series of events, EIM-OC addresses multiple aspects of health promotion. Events focus on promoting healthy nutrition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, strength, and mental health. These initiatives are designed to tackle barriers to exercise such as time constraints, lack of knowledge, and lack of resources for …

Knowledge And Implementation Of Tobacco Control Practices In Rural Louisiana Community Health Centers, Michael D. Celestin Jr, Ty-Runet Bryant, Tung Sung Tseng, Krysten Jones-Winn, Qingzhao Yu

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

Learning From The Implementation Of A Surgical Opioid Reduction Initiative In An Integrated Health System: A Qualitative Study Among Providers And Patients, Reiping Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical opioid overprescribing can result in long-term use or misuse. Between July 2018 and March 2019, the multicomponent intervention, Minimizing Opioid Prescribing in Surgery (MOPiS) was implemented in the general surgery clinics of five hospitals and successfully reduced opioid prescribing. To date, various studies have shown a positive outcome of similar reduction initiatives. However, in addition to evaluating the impact on clinical outcomes, it is important to understand the implementation process of an intervention to extend sustainability of interventions and allow for dissemination of the intervention into other contexts. This study aims to evaluate the contextual factors impacting intervention …

Clinical Pathway Using Arabic Written Medical Information To Improve Incontinence Healthcare Utilization, John F. Knapp, Codrut Radoiu, Emma Ross, Jack Vercnocke Md, Aron Liaw Md, Nivedita Dhar

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction and Objective: Metro Detroit holds ~13% of all Arabic speakers in the U.S.A. and 91% of those in Michigan. Evidence supports that patients who do not speak the local language have poor access to healthcare. This study describes our preliminary experience of managing Arabic only speaking women with bothersome stress urinary incontinence (SUI) from May 2022 to October 2023. These women routinely request same-sex interpreters, which is not always possible, leading to a lack of detailed translation. A potential solution is to use Arabic written medical information (AWMI). The purpose of the study was to retrospectively look at the …

Patient–Provider Communication Quality: Socioeconomic Disparities In Smoking Outcomes, Soumya Upadhyay, Jalen Jones

Healthcare Administration and Policy Faculty Research

Introduction:
/="/">Patient–provider communication quality is instrumental for healthy outcomes in patients. The objective of this study is to examine the relationships between patient–provider communication quality and participant characteristics, perception of e-cigarette harmfulness, and smoking outcomes.
/="/">
/="/">Methods:
/="/">A pooled cross-sectional design was used on secondary data obtained from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 from Cycle 1 through Cycle 4, from 2017–2022. Our final sample contained 3511 observations. Our outcome variable was the perception of electronic cigarette smoking status. The independent variable was patient–provider communication quality (PPCQ), measured from a series of questions with responses …

It Takes A Village To Raise A Grandchild: Developing Communities Of Support For Grand-Families On Pei, Canada, Christina Murray, Laura Bain, Nora Spinks, Donald Avery

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

In this practice brief, we outline our research focused on grandparents raising grandchildren in Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada. Specifically, we highlight a series of collaborative community workshops implemented as part of our research project. Using a participatory action research approach, we worked with grandparents raising grandchildren to co-design and implement the workshops, which we titled It Takes a Village to Raise a Grandchild. These workshops brought together grandparents raising grandchildren and key community members, including clergy, educators, healthcare providers, politicians, social services, child services, and researchers. The goal of these workshops was to build awareness and increase understanding …

A Case Study To Investigate Factors Influencing The Santa Clara County Getting To Zero Initiative’S Collective Impact Model, Harit Agroia, Rebecca Reno, Jenette Spezeski, Leyla Mousli, Richard Sarabia, Erin Starzyk

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Our objective was to explore how factors, such as backbone organization changes and COVID-19, affected a collective impact (CI) initiative’s progression through the five CI phases and its components of success. We conducted a case study using semistructured interviews with 17 representatives from the action committee, community-based organization, and health department between January and February 2023 in Santa Clara County, California. Participants were asked how internal and external factors affected their engagement and experiences with the CI initiative. We analyzed the data using structural and holistic coding. Results showed that the initiative’s progression was impacted by intersecting factors; overall findings …

Exploring The Link Between Urinary Albumin Excretion And Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study, B Dharani, S Sugantha Priya, Suba A

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance and inadequate insulin production. A critical aspect of T2DM is its microvascular complications, notably diabetic nephropathy, which progresses from microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria, and eventually End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction is a key factor in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easily measurable marker derived from routine leukocyte analysis, reflecting systemic inflammation. Despite the known association between chronic inflammation and diabetic nephropathy, studies exploring this relationship remain limited. This study aims to investigate the correlation …

Caregiver Burden And Resilience In Family Members Of Alcohol Dependent Patients: Observations From Eastern India, Shatavisa Mukherjee, Nikhil Era, Siddhartha Roy

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Caregiver burden for alcohol dependent patients refers to the physical, emotional, financial, and social challenges faced by individuals who provide care and support to someone struggling with alcohol dependence. Caregivers often experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and emotional distress when dealing with a loved one's alcohol dependence. The present study tried to analyse the caregiver burden and resilience among family members of alcohol dependent individuals in eastern India.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study patients attending general outpatient clinics who had positive alcohol consumption history and were being accompanied by their caregivers to the facility. Patient and caregiver’s demographics …

Evaluation Of The Role Of Prolactin To Prevent Diabetic Retinopathy, Suliman A. Suliman

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Abstract:

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a one of the long-term complications of DM and constitutes the leading cause of blindness in working-age individuals and affects a majority of diabetic patients by 20 years after disease onset.

Objective: The aim of this study it investigation of the potential role of prolactin in the prevention of Diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was conducted on 90 diabetic patients who were divided into a group that included 37 patients without retinopathy and a group that included 27 patients with non-proliferative retinopathy and 26 patients with proliferative retinopathy who attended the Endocrinology clinic and …

Atypical Immune Response: Acquired Hemolytic Anemia In A Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patient With Unusual Findings, Mannan Mangal

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Acquired hemolytic anemia, caused by external factors like autoimmune disorders or infections, includes rare cases of Cold Agglutinin Syndrome (CAS), a cold-antibody-mediated condition affecting 1 in 1 million annually. This report highlights a unique case of CAS in a patient with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and polyclonal gammopathy, contrasting with the typical presentation of warm-reactive autoantibodies and monoclonal antibodies. The patient presented with weakness, breathlessness, and splenomegaly, with laboratory findings showing a hemoglobin level of 5.8 g/dL and elevated ferritin. Imaging revealed mesenteric lymphadenopathy and thickening of the cecum, suggesting possible lymphomatous involvement. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was confirmed via lymph node biopsy. This …

Group Approach: Inter-Institute Interactive Sessions For Psychiatry Postgraduate Residents On Mastering The Art Of Prioritization In Everyday Learning., Abhay Koul, Murali M R, Kishor M, Narendra Kumar M S

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Collaboration and knowedge-sharing are essential in Psychiatry as complex mental health challenges require innovative solutions. Inter-institute interactive sessions are important platforms, providing psychiatry postgraduate residents with opportunities to connect, exchange ideas, and advance their understanding of the field collectively. Inter-institution sessions help break the geographic barriers between institutions and build bridges that foster collaboration, networking, and professional growth. There is hardly any literature available on these aspects. The Department of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College, Myusru organized an interactive session between psychiatry post-graduates of JSS Medical College and Mysore Medical College. Students were informed about the rules of the group approach …

Role Of Social Determinants Of Health And The Renin- Angiotensin Aldosterone System In Risk For Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy And Related Adverse Outcomes., Esther Letushila Ndashaala

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) represent a significant public health issue, contributing to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds or marginalized racial and ethnic groups face higher risks of HDP, which have been incompletely described. In addition, risk for HDP may be linked to a reduction in the normal activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This study investigates the role of socioeconomic factors and RAAS components in the risk for HDP and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from 180 pregnant individuals from a high-risk maternal-fetal …

Addressing Healthcare Disparities Faced By Aging Down Syndrome Populations, Rhea Mistry

Pitzer Senior Theses

Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal genetic condition that impacts the development of the body and brain. The life expectancy of individuals with DS has drastically improved over the decades, increasing from 9 years in 1929 to 25 years in 1983 and further reaching 60 years by 2002. Individuals with DS face a variety of prominent co-occurring health conditions that are subject to change over time, including cognitive, visual, and hearing impairments, sleep apnea, cardiovascular defects, Down syndrome regression disorder, and dementia. Despite this increase in life span, DS is still most familiar to pediatric care providers, resulting in healthcare …

Understanding Guardian Perceptions Of Whole-Foods Plant-Based Diets As Interventions In Pediatric Medicine, Vijay R. Luthra

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The obesity epidemic is widespread in American society, often affecting children who bear its consequences innocently. Due to a lack of nutrition knowledge, children rely on caregivers to meet their nutritional needs and instill healthy habits. This study examines parents' attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors, as well as perceived barriers to adopting a whole-foods plant-based diet (WFPD) for their children. Using a modified survey instrument by Morton et al., this study focused on parents and children regarding dietary choices. Participants were recruited from the waiting area of a pediatric clinic at the Medical College of Georgia between April and May 2023. …

Grading Of Malnutrition Among Under 5 Children Residing In Urban Slum In Mysuru Using Who Classification And Indian Academy Of Pediatrics (Iap) Classification: A Comparative Study, Ravali Annaram Dr, Amogha Shree Dr, Saurish Hegde Dr, Krishnaveni Y S Dr

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background

Malnutrition in Indian children under five is widespread, driven by insufficient food intake and diseases like diarrhoea and respiratory infections. Factors such as food security, maternal literacy, and healthcare access influence malnutrition rates. Growth monitoring utilizes WHO standards globally and IAP guidelines in India. Implementing these charts improves early identification and management of malnutrition, crucial for addressing childhood health challenges in India. This study compare the prevalence of malnutrition in WHO classification with Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) classification among under 5 children residing in urban slum.

Methodology

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 6 …

Alopecia As An Early Clinical Marker For Azathioprine Induced Myelosuppression: A Case Report, Nilanjana Dutta , Final Year Mbbs, Dr. M Suresh Babu , Professor, Dr. Subramanian Ramaswamy , Professor, Dr. Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur , Assistant Professor

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Azathioprine is a pro-drug and is metabolized by the TPMT enzyme in the body. In South Asians, Azathioprine is known to cause alopecia and bone marrow suppression in patients with TPMT enzyme deficiency. In India, the prevalence of TPMT mutation varies from 1.2- 10%. A new mutation was detected in 2014, NUDT15 whose incidence varies from 8.5-16%. Patients with mutation in both TPMT and NUDT15 develop myelosuppression faster. In our case, alopecia manifested as the first clinical feature of Azathioprine myelosuppression. Physicians need to recognize early clinical clues (alopecia) to avoid the impending development of myelosuppression and to look for …

Scope And Limitations Of Chatgpt In Research And Academic Writing, Shyam Pyare Singh, Imran Ahmed Khan, Shaila Kumari Mitra

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: ChatGPT has proven to be an invaluable tool, enabling human-like interactions, and facilitating knowledge exchange. It possesses the ability to generate coherent and contextually relevant responses based on the input it receives. In essence, ChatGPT responds to anything in a conversational manner and provides an output that looks like human writing. However, with the rapid advancement of medical research, there is an increasing concern that ChatGPT may be abused to create articles devoid of clinical reasoning and critical thinking.

METHODS: A through literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google scholar to find relevant article according to objective.

RESULTS: …

A Real World Study Of Adherence To Insulin In Diabetic Humans-Stadium Study, Dipsanker Chatterjee, Subham Das

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background:

With an ever-increasing prevalence of diabetes, lack of adherence to insulin treatment in even a small percentage of patients is a major issue and can lead to significant burden on the healthcare system. This survey analysis seeks to investigate the insulin adherence patterns to identify the factors associated with medication adherence.

Methodology:

The current cross-sectional survey was conducted among diabetes patients on insulin treatment. A list of questions about insulin adherence was provided to the participants in the study and the responses were recorded. The data was analysed using Graph Pad Prism.

Results:

Around 23.2 and 18.6 % of …

Internet Addiction: A Growing Threat: A Cross-Sectional Among The Undergraduate Medical Students Of Tertiary Care Hospital, Mysuru, Rakesh M, Diksha Goswami, Sunil Kumar D, Shwethashree M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: The internet has quickly become a part of our lives, impacting every part of our existence. Its use has expanded beyond simply being a communication tool and a source of information. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction among the Undergraduate medical students of Mysuru.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 medical students of a Tertiary care Hospital, Mysuru for three months from September 1^st to November 30^th,2023. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The semi-structured questionnaire covered details of demographic data and twenty questions of the …

Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder As First Trimester Pregnancy Termination Complication; Case Series, Sindhu Kumari, Poornima M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) disorder is rare (2% according to ACOG) condition of pregnancy when the placenta grows deeply into myometrium. This leads to failure of placenta to separate normally from myometrium after delivery and leads to massive hemorrhage. The PAS is classified as PA (Placenta Accreta), PI (Placenta Increta) and PP ( Placenta Percreta), on basis of depth of trophoblastic invasion. Increase in no. of cesarean sections, increasing the incidence of PAS. Cesarean scar on uterus promotes placental tissue to invade deeply in subsequent pregnancy. Antenatal scanning and color imaging can detect PAS, at a very early stage. Here …

Gender Equality– A Sustainable Development Goal In Progress At A Medical College And Hospital In South India, Mr. Manoj S M, Kusuma Kasapura Shivashankar, Suma M. Natraj, Praveen Kulkarni

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Gender Equality is one of the most important SDG and attaining it will ensure a peaceful, prosperous and a balanced world with equal opportunities for both women and men. The Indian scenario in the field of women education has changed with mindset of most parents undergoing a paradigm shift and many girls are encouraged to attend schools, colleges and women are allowed to work. Considering the above shift, our study intended to find out if the same was true and SDG-5, Gender Equality was attained or in progress at our medical college and hospital and hence the study.

Methods: …

The Balm Framework Of Clinical Excellence: An Adoptable Model For Sub-Saharan Africa., Taoreed Adegoke Azeez

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Clinical excellence is the ability to provide rigorous, evidence-based, and rewarding care to the right patients. The BALM (brilliance, attitude, leadership, and materials) framework is a novel model for adjudicating clinical excellence. There are a few models and frameworks for evaluating clinical excellence, but each has its flaws and does not consider the peculiarities of economically-challenged regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. Coincidentally, such low-resource areas have an urgent need for a framework to assess clinical excellence because of their low health-related indices. The five-step mode of professional excellence is a well-recognised tool and was the model upon which the BALM …

Alkaptonuria Presenting With Back Pain: A Diagnostic Dilemma, Arnav Salar, Dyuksha Arora, Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Alkaptonuria is a rare inborn error of metabolism due to a deficiency of homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase, resulting in homogentisic acid accumulation in tissues. It is characterised by homogentisic aciduria, ochronosis, and arthritis. We hereby discuss a 46-year-old male who presented with progressive lower back pain and polyarthralgia for ten years, initially diagnosed as ankylosing spondylitis. Characteristic skin pigmentation, ochronosis, and radiological findings led to the correct diagnosis of alkaptonuria. This case highlights the importance of considering alkaptonuria as a differential diagnosis for chronic back pain and arthritis, mainly when sacroiliac joints are spared, and ochronosis is present. While no cure …

Exploring The Elective Experience: A Review Of The "Adult Psychiatry" Elective At A Medical College, Dyuksha Arora, Kishor M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

This review delves into the motivations, experiences, and perceived advantages and disadvantages of undertaking the 'Adult Psychiatry' as an elective at JSS Medical College. Experiences from four students, two from the 2019 batch and two from the 2020 batch, provide a comprehensive overview of their elective.

Clozapine And Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy (M-Ect) In Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia (Trs) – A Case Report, Kareena Arora, Kishor M, Murali M R, Suhas K Mr

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Schizophrenia is psychiatric disorder affecting less than 1% of population that can be devastating, characterized by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. This can lead to significant functional impairment. Despite intensive and ongoing research, outcomes from best-practice treatment are often suboptimal. Unfortunately, not all the patients respond to antipsychotic medications. Overall estimates suggest that one-fifth to one-half of patients have treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS).

TRS include failure sequential trial of two different antipsychotics with sufficient dose, duration and adherence as a minimum criterion. TRS represents major clinical challenge.

Clozapine is the only drug approved for TRS as it is the drug …

Internet Gaming Disorders Amongst Medical Undergraduates In Tamil Nadu, India - A Cross Sectional Study, Rejee Sneha Ebanezer, Sumedha K, Murugan V

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) or internet-related gaming addictions are characterized by severely impaired control over gaming affecting routine activities, followed by several psychological, physical and social issues. Budding medical undergraduates who are future health professionals might have positive effects on their studies and career goals when saved from internet gaming addictions. Hence, this study aimed to identify the proportion of medical undergraduate students and interns with internet gaming disorders studying in a private medical college and tertiary care hospital.

Setting: A tertiary care Hospital and Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India

Study design: Cross – sectional study.

Participants: Medical …

High Stakes And Hidden Risks: A Case Series On Pathological Gambling In Context With Affective Disorders And Substance Abuse, Avni Gupta, Namita Deka, Mahesh Kumar

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Pathological gambling is a non–substance-related addictive disorder, characterized by persistent preoccupation with gambling, impaired control, and continuation despite negative consequences. It is associated with financial losses, social and occupational dysfunction, and psychiatric comorbidities, including affective and substance use disorders. Although international prevalence estimates range from 1–2%, research in India remains limited, particularly with the rise of online gambling.

Methods: We report a case series of three individuals presenting to a tertiary-care psychiatry outpatient department with pathological gambling. Clinical assessments included detailed psychiatric evaluation, mental status examination, and psychometric assessments using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Beck Depression Inventory …