Mental and Social Health Commons^™

Distributed Neural Representations Of Conditioned Threat In The Human Brain, Fredrik Åhs

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Detecting and responding to threat engages several neural nodes including the amygdala, hippocampus, insular cortex, and medial prefrontal cortices. Recent propositions call for the integration of more distributed neural nodes that process sensory and cognitive facets related to threat. Integrative, sensitive, and reproducible distributed neural decoders for the detection and response to threat and safety have yet to be established. We combine functional MRI data across varying threat conditioning and negative affect paradigms from 1465 participants with multivariate pattern analysis to investigate distributed neural representations of threat and safety. The trained decoders sensitively and specifically distinguish between threat and safety …

Learning From The Implementation Of A Surgical Opioid Reduction Initiative In An Integrated Health System: A Qualitative Study Among Providers And Patients, Reiping Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical opioid overprescribing can result in long-term use or misuse. Between July 2018 and March 2019, the multicomponent intervention, Minimizing Opioid Prescribing in Surgery (MOPiS) was implemented in the general surgery clinics of five hospitals and successfully reduced opioid prescribing. To date, various studies have shown a positive outcome of similar reduction initiatives. However, in addition to evaluating the impact on clinical outcomes, it is important to understand the implementation process of an intervention to extend sustainability of interventions and allow for dissemination of the intervention into other contexts. This study aims to evaluate the contextual factors impacting intervention …

Balancing The Medical, Psychiatric, And Ethical Considerations In The Inpatient Treatment Of Extreme Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report, Carter A. Schulz, Carolyn A. Kennedy

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric illness characterized by restricted energy intake, intense fear of gaining weight, and a disturbance in body image. A 2011 meta-analysis estimated the mortality rate for anorexia nervosa to be over 5 times that of the general population, with one-fifth of deaths in AN patients being due to suicide. Treating this disease is notoriously difficult, and treatment is complicated by these patients’ characteristically poor insight.

Case summary: Here we present the case of a 37 year old woman who visited the ED with complaints of nausea and weakness; she was admitted due to hypoglycemia, …

A Genotyping Array For The Globally Invasive Vector Mosquito, Aedes Albopictus, Guiyun Yan, Mariangela Bonizzoni, Ayda Khorramnejad, Ademir Jesus Martins, José Bento Pereira Lima, Leonard E Munstermann, Sinnathamby N Surendran, Chun-Hong Chen, Kevin Maringer, Isra Wahid, Shomen Mukherjee, Jiannon Xu, Michael C Fontaine, Elizabet L Estallo, Marina Stein, Todd Livdahl, Patricia Y Scaraffia, Brendan H Carter, Motoyoshi Mogi, Nobuko Tuno, James W Mains, Kim A Medley, David E Bowles, Richard J Gill, Roger Eritja, Ranulfo González-Obando, Huynh T T Trang, Sébastien Boyer, Ann-Marie Abunyewa, Kayleigh Hackett, Tina Wu, Justin Nguyễn, Jiangnan Shen, Hongyu Zhao, Jacob E Crawford, Peter Armbruster, Adalgisa Caccone

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is the preferred genotyping method for most genomic analyses, limitations are often experienced when studying genomes characterized by a high percentage of repetitive elements, high linkage, and recombination deserts. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), for example, has a genome comprising up to 72% repetitive elements, and therefore we set out to develop a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip to be more cost-effective. Aedes albopictus is an invasive species originating from Southeast Asia that has recently spread around the world and is a vector for many human diseases. Developing an accessible genotyping platform is essential in …

Surgery Of The Palatomaxillary Structure

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) are increasing, challenging surgeons to adjust post-operative pain management guidelines. A literature review identified limited information on how to best care for these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine surgical perioperative management of OUD, challenges, and support needed for optimal care.

METHODS: This study utilized an anonymous voluntary survey that was distributed to members of the American College of Surgeons through the association's electronic weekly newsletter. The survey was advertised weekly for three consecutive weeks. The survey included questions regarding surgeons' management of perioperative pain in patients with opioid use …

Examination Of Reward Processing Dysfunctions In The Left Dorsal Striatum And Other Brain Regions Among Psychiatric Inpatients With Substance Use, Julia Myerson, Mario Montelongo, Katrina Rufino, Michelle Patriquin, Ramiro Salas, Hyuntaek Oh

Staff and Researcher Publications

Background: Substance misuse is a major public health issue and research has established attenuated reward responses to drug cues in those who misuse substances. Yet, little is known about whether the expectation of natural reinforcers engages distinct brain regions in substance misuse.

Methods: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we delivered juice at expected and unexpected times to examine reward processing dysfunctions. We focused on the responses within the left dorsal striatum (DS) in individuals with high-risk substance use (HRU, n = 65), low-risk substance use (psychiatric controls, PC, n = 65), and healthy controls (HC, n = 65). Additionally, …

Parental Descriptions Of Childhood Avoidance Symptoms After Trauma, Zoe Blair-Andrews, Alison Salloum, Stephanie Evans, Vicky Phares, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Recognizing and diagnosing the avoidance symptom cluster of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in young children has been challenging. This study examines caregivers' descriptions of young children's avoidance reactions. By describing parents' examples of childhood avoidance, clinicians, researchers, and educators may be able to provide more specific psychoeducation which may improve identification of avoidance behaviors in young children. Caregivers (N=73) of young children (age 3-7 years) participated in a semi-structured diagnostic clinical interview prior to enrolling in a clinical trial for childhood trauma. The assessment regarding the caregiver's description of the child's avoidance was audio recorded and transcribed for a thematic …

Visuo-Frontal Interactions During Social Learning In Freely Moving Macaques, Melissa Franch, Sudha Yellapantula, Arun Parajuli, Natasha Kharas, Anthony Wright, Valentin Dragoi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Social interactions represent a ubiquitous aspect of our everyday life that we acquire by interpreting and responding to visual cues from conspecifics1. However, despite the general acceptance of this view, how visual information is used to guide the decision to cooperate is unknown. Here, we wirelessly recorded the spiking activity of populations of neurons in the visual and prefrontal cortex in conjunction with wireless recordings of oculomotor events while freely moving macaques engaged in social cooperation. As animals learned to cooperate, visual and executive areas refined the representation of social variables, such as the conspecific or reward, by …

Development And Feasibility Pilot Study Of Indigenous Recovery Planning: A Community-Engaged Approach To Addressing Substance Use In A Native Community, Shannon Martell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although Native (American Indian and Alaska Native [AI/AN]) populations have high rates of abstinence from alcohol, health problems associated with substance use remain a pressing concern in many AI/AN communities. As part of a longstanding community-based participatory research (CBPR) project involving five years of relationship building and three preliminary studies, our team of academic and community co-researchers developed a culturally grounded intervention to facilitate recovery from substance use disorders among tribal members from a rural AI reservation. Our Indigenous Recovery Planning (IRP) intervention consists of six weekly sessions and aims to provide inroads to existing resources in the community, affirm …

Revisiting Delusion Subtypes In Schizophrenia Based On Their Underlying Structures, Mark D Kvarta, Hemalatha Sampath, Peter Kochunov, L Elliot Hong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A clear understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and related spectrum disorders has been limited by clinical heterogeneity. We investigated whether relative severity and predominance of one or more delusion subtypes might yield clinically differentiable patient profiles. Patients (N = 286) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) completed the 21-item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21). We performed factor analysis followed by k-means clustering to identify delusion factors and patient subtypes. Patients were further assessed via the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Brief Negative Symptom Scale, Digit Symbol and Digit Substitution tasks, use of cannabis and tobacco, and stressful life events. The …

Uchl1 Is A Potential Molecular Indicator And Therapeutic Target For Neuroendocrine Carcinomas, En-Chi Hsu, Alifiani B Hartono, Christopher F Massey, Chung S Lee, Liwei Zheng, Maya Baron, Caden J Denning, Merve Aslan, Holly M Nguyen, Rosalie Nolley, Amina Zoubeidi, Millie Das, Christian A Kunder, Brooke E Howitt, H Tom Soh, Irving L Weissman, Michael A Liss, Arnold I Chin, James D Brooks, Eva Corey, Sharon J Pitteri, Jiaoti Huang, Tanya Stoyanova

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer and small-cell lung cancer, commonly have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. We report that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a deubiquitinating enzyme, is elevated in tissues and plasma from patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas. Loss of UCHL1 decreases tumor growth and inhibits metastasis of these malignancies. UCHL1 maintains neuroendocrine differentiation and promotes cancer progression by regulating nucleoporin, POM121, and p53. UCHL1 binds, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes POM121 to regulate POM121-associated nuclear transport of E2F1 and c-MYC. Treatment with the UCHL1 inhibitor LDN-57444 slows tumor growth and metastasis across neuroendocrine carcinomas. The combination of …

Alcohol Impairs Bioenergetics And Differentiation Capacity Of Myoblasts From Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Female Macaques, Danielle E. Levitt, Brianna L. Bourgeois, Keishla M. Rodríguez-Graciani, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Alcohol misuse and HIV independently induce myopathy. We previously showed that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration, with or without simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), decreases differentiation capacity of male rhesus macaque myoblasts. We hypothesized that short-term alcohol and CBA/SIV would synergistically decrease differentiation capacity and impair bioenergetic parameters in female macaque myoblasts. Myoblasts from naïve (CBA−/SIV−), vehicle [VEH]/SIV, and CBA/SIV (N = 4–6/group) groups were proliferated (3 days) and differentiated (5 days) with 0 or 50 mM ethanol (short-term). CBA/SIV decreased differentiation and increased non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) versus naïve and/or VEH/SIV. Short-term alcohol decreased differentiation; increased maximal and non-mitochondrial …

Exploring The Developmental Effects Of Antidepressants In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Alexandra Van Stone

Annual Research Symposium

It is so important to explore the potential side effects of antidepressants especially if these side effects could lead to a future detriment to an individual’s financial and social well-being. A better understanding of these side effects in regards to human developmental issues is imperative considering issues related to mental health and depression affect a large percentage of the population. In this study, we tested if Caenorhabditis (C.) elegans could be a potential model organism to predict possible side effects associated with select antidepressants. Their developmental problems potentially encountered upon drug treatment may be encountered in humans.

Evaluating The Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Dental Patients In South India - A Descriptive Study, Dheekshitha P K, Sudeep C B Dr., Sunil P M Dr., Suji M Dr.

Annual Research Symposium

This study aims to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life among dental patients in South India.

Calming The Body, Calming The Mind: A Pilot Study On The Use Of Zero Balancing To Reduce Anxiety, Misty L. Rhoads, Mary Murphy

Journal of Transformative Touch

Background: The predominance of anxiety is currently at record levels, and the need for non-pharmaceutical approaches to help alleviate and decrease the harmful effects of anxiety on an individual and collective level is necessary. This study explored how Zero Balancing supports individuals with anxiety to manage their physical, mental, and emotional health more effectively. Researchers hypothesized that Zero Balancing would lower the perceived severity of general anxiety and lower perceived anxiety symptoms.

Methods: To honor the holistic nature of bodywork and the participants' lived experiences, the researchers utilized a concurrent mixed-methods phenomenological research design. Each participant received one Zero Balancing …

Influence Of Zirconia/Glass Veneer Thickness And Implant Abutment Material On The Final Shade Of Implant Restorations, Bhagyashree Sutaria

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Achieving an optimal shade match for these restorations is crucial for aesthetic outcomes. The thickness of zirconia/glass veneer and the choice of implant abutment material play vital roles in determining the final shade of implant restorations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study investigated the influence of zirconia/glass veneer thickness (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm) and implant abutment material (zirconia and titanium) on the final shade of implant restorations. A total of 60 identical implant restorations were fabricated and divided into four groups based on the combinations of veneer thickness and abutment material. The shade of each restoration was assessed using …

Assessment Of Patient Satisfaction And Treatment Outcomes In Digital Smile Design Vs Conventional Smile Design: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Nishu Kumari

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The esthetics of a smile holds significant importance in an individual's self-esteem and overall quality of life. In the realm of cosmetic dentistry, smile design has traditionally relied on conventional methods, but recent advances in technology have introduced digital smile design (DSD) as a promising alternative.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 150 adult patients seeking smile enhancement procedures were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups: the DSD group or the conventional smile design group. The DSD group underwent smile design using digital technology, including intraoral scans, computer-aided design, and 3D simulations. Meanwhile, the …

Submental Island Flaps For Lateral Reconstruction: Technical Refinements For Optimal Outcomes And Resource Efficiency

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Research suggests that bilingual children experience an extension or delay in the closing of the sensitive/critical period of language development due to multiple language exposure. Moreover, bilingual experience may impact the development of subcortical regions, although these conclusions are drawn from research with adults, as there is a scarcity of research during late childhood and early adolescence. The current study included 1215 bilingual and 5894 monolingual children from the ABCD Study to examine the relationship between subcortical volume and English vocabulary in heritage Spanish bilingual and English monolingual children, as well as volumetric differences between the language groups. We also …

Impact And Efficiency Of Treatment Across Two Ptsd Clinical Trials Comparing In-Person And Telehealth Service Delivery Formats, John C Moring, Ron Acierno, Sheila A M Rauch, Jim Mintz, Donald D Mcgeary, Stephanie Y Wells, Kathleen Grubbs, Paul S Nabity, Chelsea J Mcmahon, Brett T Litz, Dawn I Velligan, Alexandra Macdonald, Emma Mata-Galan, Stephen L Holliday, Kirsten H Dillon, John D Roache, Alan L Peterson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The intent of this study is to examine treatment impact and efficiency observed when cognitive behavioral treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are delivered in-person or using telehealth. This study pooled data from 268 veterans enrolled in two PTSD clinical trials. In both trials, treatment was delivered using in-home telehealth (telehealth arm), in-home in-person (in-home arm), and in-office care, where patients traveled to the Department of Veterans Affairs for either office-based telehealth or office-based in-person care (office arm). Average age was 44 (SD = 12.57); 80.9% were males. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was used …

The Biology Of Hope: Inflammatory And Neuroendocrine Profiles In Ovarian Cancer Patients, Susan K Lutgendorf, Rachel M Telles, Brendan Whitney, Premal H Thaker, George M Slavich, Frank J Penedo, Steven W Cole, Anil K Sood, Benjamin W Corn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Although the concept of hope is highly relevant for cancer patients, little is known about its association with cancer-relevant biomarkers. Here we examined how hope was related to diurnal cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine previously associated with tumor biology and survival in ovarian cancer. Secondly, we examined whether hope and hopelessness are distinctly associated with these biomarkers.

METHOD: Participants were 292 high-grade ovarian cancer patients who completed surveys and provided saliva samples 4x/daily for 3 days pre-surgery to assess diurnal cortisol. Blood (pre-surgery) and ascites were assessed for IL-6. Hope and hopelessness were assessed using standardized survey …

Neurologic Morbidity And Functional Independence In Adult Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Stefanie C Vuotto, Mingjuan Wang, M Fatih Okcu, Daniel C Bowers, Nicole J Ullrich, Chenghong Li, Rebecca M Howell, Todd M Gibson, Wendy M Leisenring, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between neurologic late effects and attainment of independence in adult survivors of childhood cancer treated with central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapies.

METHODS: A total of 7881 survivors treated with cranial radiation therapy (n = 4051; CRT) and/or intrathecal methotrexate (n = 4193; IT MTX) ([CNS-treated]; median age [range] = 25.5 years [18-48]; time since diagnosis = 17.7 years [6.8-30.2]) and 8039 without CNS-directed therapy reported neurologic conditions including stroke, seizure, neurosensory deficits, focal neurologic dysfunction, and migraines/severe headaches. Functional independence was assessed using latent class analysis with multiple indicators (independent living, assistance with routine and personal …

Successful Reuse Of A Donor Heart, Riley Kahan, Deepak Vikraman, Carmelo A Milano, Michael W Manning, Andrew S Barbas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advances in surgical technique and multidisciplinary management have improved long-term survival for patients born with single ventricle physiology. However, patients who have undergone Fontan completion remain at risk for long-term comorbidities associated with the complex hemodynamic changes following the procedure, including Fontan failure and Fontan-associated liver disease.1 Combined heart-liver transplantation (CHLT) is a rare but lifesaving procedure that has been described in the setting of heart and liver failure secondary to Fontan failure.2 As long-term survival continues to improve for Fontan patients, the incidence of Fontan-associated liver disease will increase. Thus, improving CHLT outcomes and access to both …

Investigating The Long-Term Success And Complication Rates Of Zirconia Dental Implants: A Prospective Clinical Study, Pallavi Goswami

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study addresses the durability and complications of zirconia dental implants through a prospective clinical investigation. Zirconia implants are increasingly utilized in dental implantation, and a comprehensive understanding of their long-term performance is essential.

BACKGROUND: Zirconia dental implants have gained attention due to their biocompatibility and aesthetics. However, research on their extended success and complication rates is limited.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study involved the placement of 30 zirconia dental implants in patients requiring tooth replacement. The implants were followed up for five years. Success was defined as the implant remaining stable and functional. Complications, including peri-implant mucositis …

Methamphetamine-Induced Dna Double-Stranded Breaks: The Impact Of The Dopamine Transporter And Insights Into The Mechanisms Of Dna Damage In Mouse Neuro 2a Cells, Lizette Couto

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse remains a global health concern, with emerging evidence highlighting its genotoxic potential. In the central nervous system METH enters dopaminergic cells primarily through the dopamine transporter (DAT), which controls the dynamics of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission by driving the reuptake of extracellular DA into the presynaptic neuronal cell. Additional effects of METH on the storage of DA in synaptic vesicles lead to the dysregulated cytosolic accumulation of DA. Previous studies have shown that after METH disrupts intracellular vesicular stores of DA, the excess DA in the cytosol is rapidly oxidized. This generates an abundance of reactive oxygen species …

Racial Discrimination And Interpersonal Violence In Asian American Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shannon P Guillot-Wright

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Racial discrimination targeting Asians in the United States has increased sharply since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a well-established link with mental/physical health outcomes, little is known about how racial discrimination relates to interpersonal violence, particularly in adolescents. To address this gap in knowledge, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal (1-year follow-up) associations between racial discrimination and interpersonal violence perpetration and victimization in Asian American adolescents in a large US city.

METHODS: Data from Waves 3 (2020) and 4 (2021) of a randomized clinical trial of a school-based violence prevention program were examined. We limited our sample to participants who identified …

Risk Factors For Post-Discharge Adverse Outcomes Following Hospitalization Among Older Adults Diagnosed With Elder Mistreatment, Yong-Fang Kuo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Using 100% Medicare data files, this study explored whether primary elder mistreatment (EM) diagnosis, EM type, and facility type were associated with 3-year mortality and 1-year unplanned hospital readmission among older patients diagnosed with EM with hospital discharge from 10/01/2015 through 12/31/2018 (n = 11,023). We also examined outcome differences between older patients diagnosed with EM and matched non-EM patient controls. Neglect by others was the most common EM diagnosis. Three-year mortality was 56.7% and one-year readmission rate was 53.8%. Compared to matched non-EM patient controls, older EM patients were at an increased risk of mortality and readmission. Among …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Biological Aging Markers In Blood And Brain Tissue Indicate Age Acceleration In Alcohol Use Disorder, Gabriel R Fries, Lea Sirignano, Marion M Friske, Bernd Lenz, Sabine Hoffmann, Kristina Adorjan, Falk Kiefer, Georgy Bakalkin, Anita C Hansson, Falk W Lohoff, Olli Kärkkäinen, Eloise Kok, Pekka J Karhunen, Greg T Sutherland, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Rainer Spanagel, Marcella Rietschel, Dirk A Moser, Stephanie H Witt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity risk. A reason for this could be accelerated biological aging, which is strongly influenced by disease processes such as inflammation. As recent studies of AUD show changes in DNA methylation and gene expression in neuroinflammation-related pathways in the brain, biological aging represents a potentially important construct for understanding the adverse effects of substance use disorders. Epigenetic clocks have shown accelerated aging in blood samples from individuals with AUD. However, no systematic evaluation of biological age measures in AUD across different tissues and brain regions has been undertaken.

Methods: …

Investigating The Association Between Gut Bacteria And Childhood Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Maha Abdo

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unclear. However, it’s believed to be a multifactorial condition. Several studies suggest the involvement of gut and oral microbiome in the predisposition of ASD symptoms. Understanding the pathophysiology could aid in developing better treatment strategies that improve the quality of life of ASD individuals and their caregivers.

Aim: The current study aims at characterizing the gut and oral microbiome composition of ASD children compared to their healthy siblings and mothers as control groups.

Methods: Stool and saliva samples were collected from fourteen families at Ain Shams University Hospital, Outpatient Clinic. The …

Blood Epigenome-Wide Association Studies Of Suicide Attempt In Adults With Bipolar Disorder, Natasha Topolski, Jenny Gringer Richards, Aislinn J Williams, John A Wemmie, Vincent A Magnotta, Jess G Fiedorowicz, Marie E Gaine, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Joao Quevedo, Jair C Soares, Gabriel R Fries

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Suicide attempt (SA) risk is elevated in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), and DNA methylation patterns may serve as possible biomarkers of SA. We conducted epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of blood DNA methylation associated with BD and SA. DNA methylation was measured at >700,000 positions in a discovery cohort of n = 84 adults with BD with a history of SA (BD/SA), n = 79 adults with BD without history of SA (BD/non-SA), and n = 76 non-psychiatric controls (CON). EWAS revealed six differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and seven differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between BD/SA and BD/non-SA, with multiple immune-related …