Pediatrics Commons^™

Provider Attitudes And Perspectives On Rehabilitation For Pediatric Cancer Patients, Maria C Swartz, Eduardo Gonzalez Villarreal, Keri Schadler, Donna Kelly, Alakh P Rajan, Clark Andersen, Shiming Zhang, Stephanie J Wells, Amy Heaton, Karen M Moody

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PurposeTwenty percent of childhood cancer survivors experience physical function impairments, and ∼75% develop a chronic health condition. Physical and occupational therapists (PT/OTs) can mitigate these late effects, yet few children receive cancer rehabilitation (CR). This research aimed to identify provider attitudes and perspectives towards CR services for children across inpatient and outpatient settings at a cancer center.MethodsThree cardiac rehabilitation instruments were adapted to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding CR delivery. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant survey results.ResultsTwenty administrators, 20 physicians/advanced practice providers (APPs), and 20 PT/OTs completed surveys. All disciplines strongly agreed on the value of CR …

Engaging Trusted Messengers In Public Health Response: Key Strategies To Building Community Trust Among Cdc’S Prevention Research Center’S Vaccine Confidence Network, Emily Stiehl, Amy Borg, John P Cullen, Anaïs Mendiola, Olivia Dominguez, Danielle Pester, Shan Qiao, Pooja Gandhi, Nicole Kuiper, Princilla Minkah, Shekwonya Samuel, Stephen Flores, Richard Quartarone, Grace W Ryan, Paula Cuccaro, Maria E Fernández, Sage Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As part of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Prevention Research Center (PRC) Vaccine Confidence Network (PRC VCN), 26 academic institutions were funded to increase COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake in their communities. Six sites (in communities located in Alabama, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, South Carolina, and Texas) formed a workgroup to identify emergent themes, and share challenges and opportunities across projects. This essay describes their efforts to engage trusted messengers in vaccine activities, and discusses strategies to develop and sustain these types of partnerships in the future. All sites recruited trusted messengers with strong community relationships to engage …

Education Improves Perceived Control But Not Risk Identification In Adolescents Regarding Fentanyl, Christine Bakos-Block, Francine R Vega, Marylou Cardenas-Turanzas, Bhanumathi Gopal, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: In 2022, 2.2 million adolescents were diagnosed with substance use disorders, including 265,000 with opioid use disorder. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that 130,000 adolescents misused prescription pain medications, often obtaining them from friends or relatives. This age group perceives weekly heroin use as less risky than those younger or older.

Methods: A questionnaire was developed for 7th to 12th graders in a rural Texas school district as part of a fentanyl awareness curriculum. The questionnaire included Likert scale, multiple choice, and yes/no questions. The participants were categorized into younger (grades 7th and 8th) and …

Measuring And Interpreting Individual Differences In Fetal, Infant, And Toddler Neurodevelopment, Halie A Olson, M Catalina Camacho, Gavkhar Abdurokhmonova, Sahar Ahmad, Emily M Chen, Haerin Chung, Renata Di Lorenzo, Áine T Dineen, Melanie Ganz, Roxane Licandro, Caroline Magnain, Natasha Marrus, Sarah A Mccormick, Tara M Rutter, Lauren Wagner, Kali Woodruff Carr, Lilla Zöllei, Kelly A Vaughn, Kathrine Skak Madsen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As scientists interested in fetal, infant, and toddler (FIT) neurodevelopment, our research questions often focus on how individual children differ in their neurodevelopment and the predictive value of those individual differences for long-term neural and behavioral outcomes. Measuring and interpreting individual differences in neurodevelopment can present challenges: Is there a "standard" way for the human brain to develop? How do the semantic, practical, or theoretical constraints that we place on studying "development" influence how we measure and interpret individual differences? While it is important to consider these questions across the lifespan, they are particularly relevant for conducting and interpreting research …

New Frontiers: The Intern Experience In A Newly Established Integrated Plastic Surgery Program, Hendrik Lintel, Imran Rizvi, Michael Haydon, Erik S Marques, Matthew R Greives, Mohin A Bhadkamkar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The plastic surgery residency pathway has undergone many changes since its inception. The advent of integrated training has largely taken over as the predominant residency model with the addition of a few new programs every year. There is currently a paucity of literature describing the experiences of first-year interns in a new integrated residency program transitioning from the independent model. In this article, we seek to elucidate some of the advantages and difficulties encountered by the initial residents of a newly established integrated program and the steps taken to pave the way for future matched integrated trainees.

Early Life Exposure To Fine Particulate Matter And Fine Motor Function, Attentional Function, And Working Memory Among Spanish School-Aged Children, Kristina W Whitworth, Aitana Lertxundi, Mingze Yuan, Alison Rector-Houze, Wei-Jen Chen, Mònica Guxens, Jordi Julvez, Michael Swartz, Elaine Symanski, Antonia Valentin, Carmen Iniguez, Llúcia L González-Safont, Jesús Ibarluzea

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Evidence of the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and child neuropsychological function is equivocal. We examined early life PM2.5 exposure in relation to fine motor function, attention, and working memory in early childhood.

Methods: We used data from the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente Project, 2003-2008. Exposure to PM2.5 (μg/m3) was assessed using spatiotemporal land-use random forest models and assigned based on residential address histories. Around age six, children completed the finger tapping test, attentional network test (ANT), and n-back task to evaluate fine motor speed, attention, and working memory, respectively. A total of 1,310 children had …

Enhancing Seizure Control In Ultra-Refractory Postencephalitic Epilepsies Using Multinodal Network Neuromodulation, Subhiksha Srinivasan, Surya Suresh, Ganne Chaitanya, Manoj Saranathan, Nitin Tandon, Sandipan Pati

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This case series reports the formidable challenge posed by postencephalitic epilepsies, characterized by frequent drug-resistant seizures and neuropsychiatric and cognitive comorbidities. Polypharmacy is frequently required, and surgical resection may not be feasible due to multifocality. Neuromodulation therapies, including Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS), offer a potential lifeline. In this case series, we shed light on the intricate landscape of seizure management and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in five individuals with frequent seizures (often weekly) and ultra-refractory epilepsy (defined as resistance to more than six different antiseizure medications, including failed epilepsy surgery) following catastrophic encephalitis. Four out of five patients …

Association Of Delayed Asthma Diagnosis With Asthma Exacerbations In Children, Chung-Il Wi, Euijung Ryu, Katherine S King, Jung Hyun Kwon, Joshua T Bublitz, Miguel Park, Sergio E Chiarella, Jason D Greenwood, Thanai Pongdee, Lynnea Myers, Björn Nordlund, Sunghwan Sohn, Elham Sagheb, Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya, Dave Watson, Hongfang Liu, Beverley J Sheares, Carla M Davis, Wade Schulz, Young J Juhn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a significant delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of childhood asthma, but the impact of this delay on asthma outcomes has not been well understood.

Objectives: We sought to study the association of delayed diagnosis of asthma with asthma exacerbations (AEs) in children.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic birth cohort, we identified children with a diagnosis of asthma from electronic health records. We defined onset date as the date when subjects first met predetermined asthma criteria ascertained by an electronic health records-based natural language processing algorithm. Delay in diagnosis (DD) was defined as first diagnosis >30 days …

Comparison Of Six Handheld Ultrasound Devices By Pediatric Point Of Care Ultrasound (Pocus) Experts, Stephanie K Leung, Ria Dancel, Riya N Soni, Ariadna Perez-Sanchez, Michael J Mader, Haitham Al-Wahab, Thomas W Conlon, Maria V Fraga, Javier J Lasa, Andrea Matho, Hannah Smith, Nilam J Soni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) use is increasing among pediatric clinicians, but lack of access to ultrasound devices is a major barrier. The availability of pocket-sized handheld ultrasound devices ("handhelds") has improved access. However, no head-to-head comparative studies of handhelds in children have been performed to guide purchasing decisions.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study compared six handhelds: Butterfly iQ+™ (Butterfly Network Inc.), Clarius® (Clarius Mobile Health™), Kosmos™(EchoNous), TE Air™ (Mindray®), Vscan Air™ SL (General Electric), and Lumify™ (Philips Healthcare). Eight pediatric POCUS experts acquired views showing the abdominal right upper quadrant (RUQ), cardiac apical 4-chamber, and superficial neck and lung …

Diagnostic Performance Of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound In Traumatic Solid Organ Injuries In Children: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Payam Jannatdoust, Parya Valizadeh, Amir Hassankhani, Melika Amoukhteh, Delaram J Ghadimi, Mahsa Heidari-Foroozan, Paniz Sabeghi, Paniz Adli, Jennifer H Johnston, Pauravi S Vasavada, Ali Gholamrezanezhad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a significant contributor to pediatric mortality, often causing liver and spleen injuries. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), the gold standard for diagnosing solid organ injury, poses radiation risks to children. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may be a promising alternative imaging modality.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of CEUS for detecting solid organ injuries following BAT in the pediatric population.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted through a thorough literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to October 1, 2023. Diagnostic accuracy metrics were aggregated using a bivariate model, …

Poor Oral Health Is Associated With Social Vulnerability In Critically Ill Trauma Patients, Mokunfayo O Fajemisin, Stephanie Martinez Ugarte, Chelsea J Guy-Frank, Gabrielle E Hatton, Kayli A Quinton, Sophia Syed, Erin E Fox, Charles E Wade, Kimberly A Mankiewicz, Lillian S Kao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Social factors affect oral health status, and poor oral health has been associated with worse health outcomes. Using the Oral Health Risk Assessment Value Index (OHRAVI), a bedside tool for non-dentists to assess oral health, we investigated the interplay of oral health with social drivers of health and social vulnerability, as measured by the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), in severely injured patients.

Methods: Our retrospective study included dentulous critically ill trauma patients who were previously assigned an OHRAVI score (range 0-3; unhealthy score >1). Patient demographics, comorbidities, and self-reported social drivers were obtained from health records. SVI was calculated …

Efficacy And Safety Of Once-Daily Roflumilast Cream 005% In Pediatric Patients Aged 2-5 Years With Mild-To-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis (Integument-Ped): A Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial, Lawrence F Eichenfield, Rocco Serrao, Vimal H Prajapati, John C Browning, Lisa Swanson, Tracy Funk, Mercedes E Gonzalez, Adelaide A Hebert, Mark Lee, Mark Boguniewicz, Eric L Simpson, Melissa S Seal, David Krupa, Diane Hanna, Scott Snyder, Patrick Burnett, David H Chu, Erin Almaraz, Robert C Higham, David R Berk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: Efficacy and safety of roflumilast cream 0.15% were demonstrated in patients aged ≥ 6 years with atopic dermatitis (AD) in two Phase 3 trials. This Phase 3 parallel-group, double-blind trial (INTEGUMENT-PED; NCT04845620) compared the efficacy and safety of roflumilast cream 0.05% and a vehicle in patients aged 2-5 years with AD.

Methods: Patients aged 2-5 years with mild-to-moderate AD were treated with once-daily roflumilast cream 0.05% or vehicle for 4 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was Validated Investigator Global Assessment for AD (vIGA-AD) Success (0 [Clear] or 1 [Almost Clear] plus ≥ 2-grade improvement from baseline) at Week …

Synthetic Versus Biologic Mesh For Complex Open Ventral Hernia Repair: 3-Year Follow-Up Of A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Naila H Dhanani, Nicole B Lyons, Kyung Hyun Lee, Oscar A Olavarria, Aris R Arakelians, Julie L Holihan, Lillian S Kao, Ali Siddiqui, Connor Hogan, Tunmi Anwoju, Zuhair Ali, Mike K Liang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Biologic mesh is often used in complex hernia repair, but there has been limited clinical evidence to date to support this practice. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes of biologic versus synthetic mesh for complex open ventral hernia repair (OVHR) at 3 years.

Methods: Patients from a single center, randomized, controlled, pilot trial comparing biologic versus synthetic mesh in complex OVHR were followed for 3 years. The primary outcome focused on major complications, namely mesh infections, hernia recurrences, reoperations, and deaths. Secondary outcomes included surgical site infections, surgical site occurrences, and patient-reported outcomes. …

Instagram Versus Reality: Who Are Actually Plastic Surgeons?, Nikhi P Singh, Mary M Holohan, Cameron Harmon, Kasra N Fallah, Jeffrey Gross, Aadarsh Patel, Carter J Boyd, Matthew R Greives, Jorge De La Torre, Gayle Gordillo, Timothy W King

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Instagram has become one of the most powerful marketing tools available to plastic surgeons because patients have increasingly turned to online resources to find physicians. Within, we review the online presence of self-ascribed plastic surgeons in the United States to identify potential misinformation and dishonest advertising.

Methods: The Inflact database was queried for the search terms: "plastic surgeon/surgery," "plastic and reconstructive surgeon/surgery," "aesthetic surgeon/surgery," and "cosmetic surgeon/surgery." US physician account information, history of medical training, American Board of Plastic Surgery (ABPS) certification status, and posts were reviewed.

Results: In total, 1399 physicians practicing within the United States were identified. …

A Scoping Review Of The Social Determinants Of Pediatric And Adolescent Obesity, Deepali K Ernest, Elizabeth A Onugha, Bipin Singh, Shreela V Sharma, Jayna M Dave

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Context: Social determinants of health (SDOH) play a large role in pediatric and adolescent metabolic health worldwide.

Objective: The study is aimed at exploring key SDOH related to childhood obesity, worldwide.

Methods: Primary research articles from PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases published between 2013 and 2023, had a study population of 0-19-year-olds, and examined the association between WHO-defined SDOH and childhood obesity were included. Non-English papers and those outside WHO-defined SDOHs were excluded. Two reviewers independently performed a blinded screening of titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text assessment of selected articles.

Results: Of the 703 initial articles, 22 duplicates …

Role Of Posterior Carbon Fiber Implants In Spine Tumor Surgery, Christopher A Alvarez-Breckenridge, Robert North, Claudio Tatsui, Naresh Kumar, Sheng-Fu Lo, Karim Mohammed, Jeremy Reynolds, Aron Lazary, Ilya Laufer, Jorrit Jan Verlaan, Ziya Gokaslan, Alessandro Luzzati, Riccardo Cecchinato, John Shin, Francis Hornicek, Alexander Disch, Matthew Goodwin, Rory Goodwin, Arjun Sahgal, Alessandro Gasbarrini, Stefano Boriani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Study design: Narrative Review.

Objective: The management of spinal tumors requires a multi-disciplinary approach including surgery, radiation, and systemic therapy. Surgical approaches typically require posterior segmental instrumentation to maintain long-term spinal stability. Carbon fiber reinforced pedicle screws (CFRP) are increasingly used in the oncologic setting due to reductions in both imaging artifacts and radiotherapy perturbations compared to titanium implants. We performed a review of the literature and highlight advantages and future areas of study for CFRP.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and identified 10 articles …

Development And Evaluation Of An Implementation Strategy To Increase Hpv Vaccination Among Underserved Youth Across Texas: A Protocol Paper, Paula M Cuccaro, Jihye Choi, Lara S Savas, Efrat K Gabay, Mayra Aguilar Mcbride, Amy Montelongo Eldridge, Timothy J Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: All for Them is a theory-based and evidence-informed multilevel, multicomponent program delivered through schools to increase HPV vaccination among medically underserved youth across Texas. Given the potential logistical challenges of program implementation, understanding how to best support the implementation and sustainment of the program is critical. The overall goals of this study are twofold: 1) develop a multifaceted implementation strategy, Implementing All for Them (IM-AFT); and 2) evaluate the impact of IM-AFT on implementation outcomes for schools and healthcare providers to successfully implement All for Them in their respective settings.

METHODS: This study is underpinned by a comprehensive and …

Brain Gray Matter Changes In Children At Risk For Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy, Bhaswati Roy, Jennifer A Ogren, Luke A Allen, Beate Diehl, Raman Sankar, Samden D Lhatoo, Rajesh Kumar, Ronald M Harper

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Background: Potential failing adult brain sites, stratified by risk, mediating Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) have been described, but are unknown in children.

Methods: We examined regional brain volumes using T1-weighted MRI images in 21 children with epilepsy at high SUDEP risk and 62 healthy children, together with SUDEP risk scores, calculated from focal seizure frequency. Gray matter tissue type was partitioned, maps normalized, smoothed, and compared between groups (SPM12; ANCOVA; covariates, age, sex, and BMI). Partial correlations between regional volumes and seizure frequency were examined (SPM12, covariates, age, sex, and BMI); 67% were at high risk for SUDEP. …

Analyzing Llama 3-Based Approach For Axiom Translation From Ontologies, Xubing Hao, Licong Cui, Cui Tao, Kirk Roberts, Muhammad Amith

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Ontology development involves a top-down approach where ontology engineers and domain experts collaboratively define and evaluate ontological elements and axioms. Translating ontology axioms into natural language can significantly aid in ontology evaluation by making the content more understandable to subject matter experts who may lack a background in knowledge engineering. In this preliminary study, we investigate the potential of large language models (LLMs) in axiom translation from ontologies to facilitate ontology evaluation. We utilize Llama 3 to translate 1,192 ontology axioms across 19 distinct axiom types from five published ontologies. Results show that 163 (13.67%) of the Llama 3 translation …

Estrogen Plus Progestin And Colorectal Cancer: Long-Term Findings From The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trial, Rowan T Chlebowski, Aaron K Aragaki, Kathy Pan, Juhua Luo, Thomas E Rohan, Karen C Johnson, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Su Yon Jung, Qian Xiao, Sayeh Lavasani, Joann E Manson, Michael S Simon

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We report long-term colorectal cancer findings from the Women’s Health Initiative trial where 16,608 postmenopausal women with a uterus were randomized to daily conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) 0.625 mg, plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 2.5 mg, or placebo. When intervention ended after 5.6-years, while there were 44% fewer colorectal cancers in the intervention group (43 vs 72, P = 0.003), the cancers more commonly were lymph node positive (59.0% vs 29.4%, P = 0.003). Now after cumulative 24-year follow-up, with 431 breast cancers, CEE plus MPA no longer influenced colorectal cancer incidence (215 [0.15, annualized rate %] vs 216 [0.15], HR …

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia And Cleft Lip And Palate: Looking For A Common Genetic Etiology, Petra Nord, Ashley H Ebanks, Petra Peterson, Erik Iwarsson, Matthew T Harting, Carmen Mesas Burgos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are inborn closure defects. Genetic factors in and outcomes for patients with both anomalies (CDH+CL/P) remain unclear. We aimed to investigate associated genetic aberrations, prevalence of, and outcomes for, CDH+CL/P.

Methods: Data from Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group (CDHSG) registry were collected. CL/P prevalence in CDH patients was determined. Genetic abnormalities and additional malformations in CDH+CL/P were explored. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared between CDH+CL/P and isolated CDH (CDH-) using Fisher's Exact Test for categorical, and t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous, data. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Genetic anomalies in …

Sex Differences In Metabolic Adaptation In Infants With Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease, Tina O Findley, Ana Carolina Palei, Kyung Serk Cho, Zhongming Zhao, Caleb Shi, Gouri Mahajan, Antonio Francesco Corno, Jorge Salazar, Louise Mccullough

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Female infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) face significantly higher postoperative mortality rates after adjusting for cardiac complexity. Sex differences in metabolic adaptation to cardiac stressors may be an early contributor to cardiac dysfunction. In adult diseases, hypoxic/ischemic cardiomyocytes undergo a cardioprotective metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis which appears to be regulated in a sexually dimorphic manner. We hypothesize sex differences in cardiac metabolism are present in cyanotic CHD and detectable as early as the infant period.

METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on blood samples (cyanotic CHD cases, n = 11; controls, n = 11) and analyzed …

Effect Of An In-Home Palivizumab Administration Program For Children With Medical Complexity, Hina Emanuel, Aravind Yadav, Julie C Eapan, Maria Caldas-Vasquez, Tomika S Harris, Katrina Mcbeth, Fatima Boricha, Janice John, Ivan G Magana Ceballos, Giuseppe N Colasurdo, Maria E Tellez, Tina Reddy, Wilfredo De Jesús-Rojas, Ricardo A Mosquera

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: In-home palivizumab administration programs (PH) have shown promise in reducing RSV-associated infections. These programs may be particularly beneficial for children with medical complexity (CMC) by limiting their exposure to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) from non-RSV-related pathogens during transportation and visits to medical facilities.

Methods: In this prospective study, 41 children with CMC less than 2 years of age were randomized by their health insurance to receive PH or in the clinic (PC) during the RSV season (October 2018-April 2019). Patients were stratified by home ventilation. The primary outcome was the total number of face-to-face encounters. Secondary outcomes were unscheduled clinic …

Transient Elastography And Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Assessment Of Liver Fibrosis In Children With Chronic Hepatitis C, Mohamed A El-Guindi, Alif A Allam, Ahmed A Abdel-Razek, Gihan A Sobhy, Menan E Salem, Mohamed A Abd-Allah, Mostafa M Sira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a health burden with consequent morbidity and mortality. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for evaluating fibrosis and assessing disease severity and prognostic purposes post-treatment. Noninvasive alternatives for liver biopsy such as transient elastography (TE) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) are critical needs.

AIM: To evaluate TE and DW-MRI as noninvasive tools for predicting liver fibrosis in children with CHC.

METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study initially recruited 100 children with CHC virus infection. Sixty-four children completed the full set of investigations including liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using TE and measurement of apparent diffusion …

Use Of Web-Based Surveys To Collect Long-Term Pediatric Outcomes In Patients With Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Treated With Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation: Observational Study, Eric Bergh, Kimberly Rennie, Jimmy Espinoza, Anthony Johnson, Ramesha Papanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: In the United States, patients with monochorionic diamniotic twins who undergo in utero fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) may travel great distances for care. After delivery, many parents cannot return to study sites for formal pediatric evaluation due to geographic location and cost.

Objective: The aim of this study was to collect long-term pediatric outcomes in patients who underwent FLP for TTTS.

Methods: We assessed the feasibility of using a web-based survey designed in REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture; Vanderbilt University) to collect parent-reported outcomes in children treated for TTTS at a single center during …

Work Where You Live Or Live Where You Work? Resident Work And Sleep Patterns While On "Home Call", David T Mitchell, Noa G Koppin, Michael T Talanker, Mohin A Bhadkamkar, Erik S Marques, Matthew R Greives, David C Hopkins

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Unlike in-house call, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) does not require a postcall day for "home call" shifts. Despite this, we hypothesize that on-call residents are still in the hospital for the majority of their shift despite having the luxury of home call and, thus, are not protected by ACGME postcall duty hour regulations.

Methods: A prospective single center survey study was conducted by surveying junior and senior residents who completed overnight call shifts from January 2023 to April 2023 at one of the busiest level 1 trauma centers in the United States. Data include number …

Comparing The Diagnostic Yield Of Germline Exome Versus Panel Sequencing In The Diverse Population Of The Texas Kidscanseq Pediatric Cancer Study, Lauren R Desrosiers-Battu, Tao Wang, Jacquelyn Reuther, George Miles, Hongzheng Dai, Eunji Jo, Heidi Russell, Robin Raesz-Martinez, Alva Recinos, Stephanie Gutierrez, Amy Thomas, Emily Berenson, Jessica Corredor, Kimberly Nugent, Rachel Wyatt Castillo, Rebecca Althaus, Rebecca Littlejohn, Shawn Gessay, Gail Tomlinson, Jonathan Gill, Juan Carlos Bernini, Kelly Vallance, Timothy Griffin, Sarah Scollon, Frank Y Lin, Christine Eng, Shashikant Kulkarni, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Angshumoy Roy, Amy L Mcguire, D Williams Parsons, Sharon E Plon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To evaluate the relative diagnostic yield of clinical germline genomic tests in a diverse pediatric cancer population.

Patients and methods: The KidsCanSeq study enrolled pediatric cancer patients across six sites in Texas. Germline analysis included both exome sequencing and a therapy-focused pediatric cancer gene panel. The results were categorized by participants demographics, the presence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants, and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in cancer predisposition genes (CPGs). Pediatric actionable CPGs were defined as those with cancer surveillance recommendations during childhood.

Results: Cancer P/LP variants were reported by at least one platform in 103 of …

Factors Associated With Elevated Sars-Cov-2 Immune Response In Children And Adolescents, Sarah E Messiah, Rhiana Abbas, Emma Bergqvist, Harold W Kohl, Michael D Swartz, Yashar Talebi, Rachit Sabharwal, Haoting Han, Melissa A Valerio-Shewmaker, Stacia M Desantis, Ashraf Yaseen, Henal A Gandhi, Ximena Flandes Amavisca, Jessica A Ross, Lindsay N Padilla, Michael O Gonzalez, Leqing Wu, Mark A Silberman, David Lakey, Jennifer A Shuford, Stephen J Pont, Eric Boerwinkle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Understanding the distinct immunologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among pediatric populations is pivotal in navigating the COVID-19 pandemic and informing future public health strategies. This study aimed to identify factors associated with heightened antibody responses in children and adolescents to identify potential unique immune dynamics in this population.

METHODS: Data collected between July and December 2023 from the Texas Coronavirus Antibody REsponse Survey (Texas CARES), a statewide prospective population-based antibody survey among 1-to-19-year-old participants, were analyzed. Each participant had the following data available for analysis: (1) Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoassay for Nucleocapsid protein antibodies (Roche N-test), (2) qualitative and …

Where Do Plastic Surgery Leaders Come From? A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Research Productivity, Megan M Rodriguez, Kylie R Swiekatowski, Robert C Tung, Matthew R Greives, David W Mathes, Phuong D Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: It is increasingly apparent that plastic surgery residency applications with lengthy research publications are the new standard in applicant competitiveness. This study aims to evaluate the research history of plastic surgery program faculty leadership to understand the trends and evolution of research expectations.

Methods: The curriculum vitaes of faculty involved in residency admissions among all US Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited integrated and independent plastic surgery programs were reviewed. Doximity, program websites, and Scopus were used to gather information. H-index and publication count at the time of medical school and residency graduations were collected. Student t test and …

The Role Of The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Bilingual Language Switching And Non-Linguistic Task-Switching: Evidence From Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis, Kelly A Vaughn, Benjamin J Tamber-Rosenau, Arturo E Hernandez

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Previous research suggests that bilingual language control requires domain-general cognitive control. Recent research suggests that exploration of individual differences is key for understanding the relationship between bilingual language control and cognitive control. The current study used multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to examine within-subject patterns of fMRI activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during bilingual language switching and non-linguistic task-switching. We hypothesized that bilinguals would have identifiable, within-subject patterns of DLPFC activity for both types of switching and that bilinguals and monolinguals would differ in patterns of DLPFC activity for task-switching. We were unable to identify patterns of DLPFC activity …