Medical Specialties Commons^™

Mechanisms Of Synergy Between Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field (Nspef) And Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Discharge (Cap) In Pancreatic Cancer: The Role Of Ros-Mediated Oxidative Stress And Apoptosis, Zobia Minhas

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. Novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome this resistance. Non-thermal physical modalities, including nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) and cold atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (CAP), have emerged as potential anticancer approaches; however, the mechanisms underlying their combined effects remain unclear.

This study evaluated whether nsPEF enhances CAP-induced cytotoxicity and investigated the associated molecular mechanisms using the murine Pan02 pancreatic cancer cell line. Cell viability was assessed by WST-1 metabolic activity assays and electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were …

Epidemiological Analysis Of Pediatric Ocular Trauma In Sports And Recreational Activities, Zachary Goodrich, Michael Foster, Cameron Dean, Jody He, Shambhawi Thakur, Lauren Mason, John Gote, Eric Crouch

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Purpose: To characterize sports- and recreational activity- related orbital and ocular trauma presenting to a pediatric emergency department over an 11-year period.

Methods: Data from the electronic medical record of a Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Center was used to identify all cases of orbital and ocular trauma that occurred during sports or recreational activities between 1/1/2010 and 3/1/2021 in patients age 0 to 18 years old. Variables collected included activity type, age, sex, race, injured region, diagnosis, and treatment plan. Activities were categorized as contact sports, non-contact sports, or recreational activities. Comparative analyses used chi-square, ANOVA, t-tests, and Fisher exact …

Maternal Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination And Preterm Birth A Utah Statewide Retrospective Cohort Study, Amy Solsman, Torri Metz, Josh Benton, Shana Godfred-Cato

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

We conducted a statewide, retrospective cohort study to evaluate the association between maternal receipt of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine and preterm birth. All individuals who delivered a singleton neonate in Utah and were between 32 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation from September 2023 to February 2024 were included and followed up until delivery. Overall, 2,733 of 24,213 individuals (11.3%) received the vaccine. Vaccine receipt was associated with lower odds of preterm birth (5.5% vaccinated group vs 6.8% unvaccinated group, adjusted odds ratio 0.80, 95% CI, 0.67–0.95). Receipt of the RSV vaccine was not associated with any …

Examining The Relationship Between A Positive Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosis And Referring Symptoms Of The Pregnant Patient, Christina Emerson, Beth Tremblay

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

PROBLEM: Many healthcare providers do not routinely screen pregnant individuals for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), contributing to its underdiagnosis and potentially leading to various pregnancy-related health issues. Currently used OSA screening tools, such as the Berlin Questionnaire, STOP-BANG Questionnaire, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale, often demonstrate poor predictive value in pregnant women due to the dynamic physiological changes of pregnancy and the differing presentation of OSA in this population.

PURPOSE: To examine the relationships between a positive OSA diagnosis, patient characteristics, and the symptoms among pregnant patients referred for sleep studies.

EBP QUESTIONS: 1) Is there a relationship between certain referring …

Predicting Trauma Admission In Anticoagulated Geriatric Patients Presenting With A Ground Level Fall, Y-Nhi H. Bui Ms, Trevor Glad Bmus, Dylan Jack Bs, Michael Martyak

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Our study undertook a rigorous investigation into an expanding trauma patient population, tackling some of the significant challenges with this patient population in trauma triage. Our research has not only addressed key questions, but has also paved the way for future inquiries by offering innovative perspectives. This presentation is particularly important given the current advancements and interests in geriatric trauma. We hope that our findings will influence ongoing projects and spark collaborations among diverse research communities.

Factors For Successful Craniosynostosis Surgery Gofundme Campaigns, Annarose Taylor, Rena Atayeva, Shikha Trivedi, Phavon Sage, David Park, Brendan Podszus, Jessica Bigner, Yifan Guo

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Introduction

Craniosynostosis surgery costs can be as high as 100,000 dollars. Even with complete insurance coverage, patients often face large out-of-pocket expenses. Thus, patients seek other financial resources. As a crowdfunding platform, GoFundMe (GFM) is one of those resources. The objective of our study was to identify GFM campaign factors associated with greater fundraising success.

Methods

GoFundMe.com was queried for: craniosynostosis, synostosis, brachycephaly, trigonocephaly, scaphocephaly, and fused skull suture. Included campaigns had patients in the U.S. fundraising for craniosynostosis surgery or related expenses. Excluded campaigns were duplicates, for animals, helmets, charities, or other surgeries. Successful campaigns achieved third quartile of …

Touching Lives With Empathy And Assurance In Medicine (Team): An Experiential Palliative Care Medicine Program For Medical Students, Kevin A. Barnes, Simone K. Schumaecker, Madeline L. Dunstan, Marissa C. Galicia-Castillo

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Palliative Care Medicine (PCM) education presents unique challenges as core competencies like communication, response to grief, and engaging seriously ill patients are difficult to teach through classroom instruction. Despite didactics and modules, many medical students report feeling underprepared for end-of-life discussions. Emerging evidence suggests that experiential learning, particularly one-on-one interactions with patients, reduces learner insecurity and deepens understanding of serious illness. The Touching Lives with Empathy and Assurance in Medicine (TEAM) program at Lake Taylor Transitional Care Hospital was developed to address this gap through a structured, longitudinal PCM experience. This project analyzes the program’s design, implementation, and early participation …

Concomitant Subacromial Decompression Remains Commonly Performed During Rotator Cuff Repair: A Trinetx Study, Madison Baldauf, Zachary Krumm, Savannah Ward, Katherine Worcester, Kevin Bonner Md

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Introduction:

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) is among the most frequently performed shoulder procedures in the US and is often accompanied by concomitant subacromial decompression (SAD). In recent years some studies have called into question the benefit of SAD in this setting. The topic is controversial as many surgeons still feel SAD is indicated. This study aims to characterize the changes in proportion of SAD performed concomitantly with RCR over recent years using TriNetX.

Methods:

The TriNetX database was queried for all patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair from 2013 to 2025. Cohorts were established using the Current Procedural Terminology …

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation In Trauma Before And After Covid-19: Associations Of Utilization, Timing, And Outcomes, Ryan Mancoll, William Rice, Theodore Chin, Grayson Mast M.D, Samantha Olafson M.D.

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Objectives:

The COVID-19 pandemic expanded and altered general ECMO utilization and provider experience; however, any impact on trauma-specific ECMO practice following this shift remains unclear. We hypothesize that trauma ECMO utilization patterns, timing of initiation, and outcomes have differed following COVID-19.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients receiving ECMO (2017-2024) using the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) Participant Use Files. The primary exposure was the COVID era (2017-2019 vs. 2021-2024). Primary outcomes included ECMO utilization, time to initiation, and in-hospital mortality; secondary outcomes included discharge disposition, major complications, and length of stay …

Staged Versus Immediate Bilateral Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction In A Community Hospital Setting: A Procedure And Patient‑Level Analysis Of Recovery Burden And Safety:, Ryan Mancoll, Adam Akari, Shreyas Bhalle, Lawrence Colen, John Mancoll

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Introduction: Reconstruction using Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator (DIEP) flaps is standard for muscle-sparing breast restoration following mastectomy. Staging the procedure in two is becoming increasingly common and an option for community surgeons to decrease operation-specific time burden. We hypothesize that in our community hospital-based cohort, staged reconstruction will be associated with lower recovery burden and decreased complication risk.
Methods: This study was a retrospective single-surgeon cohort of patients receiving staged, immediate or unilateral DIEP breast reconstruction (N = 276) from 2011-2021. Procedure-level multivariate regression evaluated surgical time, Length of stay, opioid use (MME), and perioperative change. Patient-level multivariate regression assessed …

Exploring The Relationship Between Behavioral Health Early Prediction Model And Patient Outcomes In The Emergency Department, Karen M. Richendollar, Kathie M. Zimbro

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Problem: Emergency departments (EDs) are increasingly utilized for mental health (MH) care, often resulting in overcrowding and delayed access to specialized services. A significant proportion of MH patients are discharged without a psychiatric consult, raising concerns about safety and readmission rates. This trend places additional strain on already limited behavioral health resources and contributes to care delays for patients in acute crisis. Moreover, the lack of standardized discharge criteria for MH patients increases variability in care and may compromise patient outcomes. Purpose: This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Behavioral Health Early Discharge Prediction Model (BHEDPM) in identifying MH patients …

Craniofacial Differences And Safe Sleep Practices: Findings From A Caregiver Survey At A Children’S Hospital, Cait Vuturo-Brady, Aracelia S. Aldrete, Jesus Gil Inciong, Miccah Seaman, Rianna Leazer

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Purpose

Many infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have airway issues that make supine, flat-surface sleep challenging.¹ Prior studies indicate that alternative positioning may reduce obstructive events,² and early sleep-disordered breathing can affect later development.³  Despite this, caregivers of infants with craniofacial differences rarely receive tailored sleep guidance, and no evidence-based, condition-specific recommendations currently exist.^4,5

Methods

This single-site, cross-sectional study evaluated sleep practices, caregiver education, and barriers to adherence among parents of children (< 3 years) with CL/P treated at CHKD’s Craniofacial Program. Eligible caregivers (n=117) were identified via query of the electronic medical record by CHKD Data Governance and invited to complete an anonymous REDCap survey assessing demographics, sleep environment, counseling, and understanding of safe-sleep recommendations.

Results & Conclusions

Of the 11 caregivers who completed the survey, 91% reported crib sleep, though several also used beds, couches, …

Evaluating Sensory Sensitivities Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In An Adaptive Gymnastics Program, Aicha Kaouss, Bradley Eppinger, Austin Ebbrecht, Kailash Ram, Kaitlin P. Hardy Md

Knowledge and Creativity Expo

Introduction: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) participate in physical activity at lower rates than their neurotypical peers1. Sensory sensitivities, reported in approximately 75–95% of children with ASD, may contribute to this disparity2. Gymnastics environments involve bright lighting and loud noise, which can precipitate sensory overload. The impact of specific sensory features on participation in adaptive gymnastics remains underexplored.

Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited caregivers of children aged 3–12 years with an ASD diagnosis enrolled in the EVMS Adaptive Gymnastics Program. Caregivers completed the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire–Third Edition (SEQ-3)3 and supplemental survey items on Redcap which assessed environmental triggers and …

Chiari Network Identified By Ct Imaging: An Uncommon Modality For A Common Incidental Finding, Kyle Admire, Denis Yusupov, Xian Qiao

Eastern Virginia Medical Journal

Chiari networks are anatomical variants that result from incomplete resorption of embryologic tissues and are often discovered incidentally on echocardiography. We describe the case of a large Chiari network we discovered after independent review of the patient’s computed tomography scan showed an unexpected filling defect within the right atrium, prompting further investigation. We also conducted a review of the literature for this anatomic variant of unclear clinical significance.

A Case Of Listeria Monocytogenes Bacteremia In A Middle-Aged Woman With A History Of Primary Biliary Cholangitis, Caleb Smack, Jared T. Lausen, Aaron Mills

Eastern Virginia Medical Journal

In this report, we discuss the case of a patient with Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia likely resulting from primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) induced cirrhosis. We aim to bolster the body of literature on Listeria bacteremia and establish PBC as a risk factor for this rare complication. Our patient, who presented with sepsis, was subsequently found to have Listeria bacteremia and received intravenous antibiotic treatment of ampicillin for 3 total weeks with complete resolution of her disease. This is the first case suggesting that cirrhosis as a result of PBC may be an independent risk factor for Listeria bacteremia. In patients at …

Assessment Of Non-Clinical Time Expenditures By Academic Emergency Medicine Faculty, Barry J. Knapp, Charles S. Graffeo, Francis L. Counselman, Donald V. Byars, Martin D. Klinkhammer, Jondavid D. Landon

Eastern Virginia Medical Journal

Introduction: In 2020, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) approved the Residency Review Committee for Emergency Medicine (RRC-EM) revisions to the program requirements. Revisions mandated that Program Directors (PDs) receive 50% full-time equivalent (FTE) non-clinical time, and Associate Program Directors (APDs) receive 35% FTE non-clinical time for administrative and teaching responsibilities for a program our size at the Department of Emergency Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences Eastern Virginia Medical School at Old Dominion University. Objective: To quantify the actual administrative time our residency leadership team— including the PD, APD, Department Chair, and core faculty— used …

Quantification Of Illicit And Prescription Drug Residues In Pasteurized Donor Human Milk: A Comprehensive Analytical Approach, Michelle Brenner, Kaytlin Krutsch, Ashlynn Baker, Dhavalkumar Patel, Palika Datta

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Objective

To assess the risk of infant exposure to illicit and prescription drug residues, from infant-ready, pooled, pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) provided by healthy, screened, voluntary non-remunerated donors to a not-for-profit milk bank.

Study Design

A total of 150 pooled samples, representing 742 donor contributions, were analyzed for 15 illicit and prescription drug analytes using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Detected concentrations were evaluated for clinical significance.

Result

All 150 PDHM samples tested negative for residues of marijuana, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, fentanyl, hydrocodone, and morphine. Three samples (2%) contained trace amounts of oxycodone (< 0.6 parts per billion), yielding exposures over 455 times lower than established standards for infant safety (Relative Infant Dose: < 0.022%; standard safety threshold 10%).

Conclusion

Comprehensive analysis detected no clinically …

Causal Effect Estimates Of Online E-Cigarette Marketing Exposure On Future E-Cigarette Harm Perception And Use, Paul T. Harrell, Nicholas T. Williams, Kara E. Rudolph, Rachel Ayala Guzman, Ateeqa Ijaz, Nicole Rychagov, Aaron Null, Silvia S. Martins

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background

Globally, over 10 million youth use e-cigarettes; United States use, in particular, dramatically rose in the late 2010's, exceeding year-over-year increases from any other substance in over four decades. This rise has been partially attributed to youth online e-cigarette marketing exposure, but has not been appropriately studied.

Methods

We examined youth data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) spanning the dramatic increase period (Waves 4, 4.5, and 5; 2016-2019). We estimated average risk differences (RD) for Wave 5 e-cigarette harmfulness perception and use comparing all youth versus no youth reporting past-month online e-cigarette marketing exposure in …

Substitution Of Cannabis For Prescribed Medications In The Management Of Anxiety And Depression Among Midlife Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jocelyn Mueller, Jamia Sapp, Jennifer Attonito, Aditya Chakraborty, Karina Villalba

Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background and Aims

Given the rising prevalence of cannabis use as an alternative strategy for managing mental health symptoms, there is a crucial need to understand the determinants of substitution behavior, particularly among midlife women who may experience distinct psychosocial and clinical profiles. This study examined the predictors of cannabis substitution among midlife women by comparing profiles of women who substituted cannabis for antidepressant medications versus those who substituted for anxiolytic medications.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 172 women who reported substituting cannabis for either anxiety or depression medications was conducted. Measures included the PHQ-8, OASIS, AUDIT, and ACEs. Logistic …

Severe Maternal Morbidity According To Sickle Cell Disease Genotype, Tetsuya Kawakita, Natsume Furukawa, Sora A. Jones, Salimah Navaz Gangji

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty Publications

Background

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy that disproportionately affects individuals of African descent and is associated with elevated risks of maternal complications. However, the contribution of specific SCD genotypes to severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and postpartum readmission remains poorly characterized at the population level.

Objective

We sought to examine the association between SCD genotypes-hemoglobin SS (HbSS) disease, hemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease, sickle thalassemia, and sickle cell trait-and SMM, hospital readmission, and related adverse maternal outcomes.

Study design

This was a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 through 2022, representing over 20 million weighted …

Sleepiness In Pregnancy And Adverse Perinatal Outcomes, Rachel Friedlander, Xiaoning Huang, Phyllis Zee, Sadiya S. Khan, Philip Greenland, Francesca L. Facco, Judith Chung, William A. Grobman, Shalini Manchanda, Uma M. Reddy, George R. Saade, Robert M. Silver, Lynn M. Yee

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty Publications

Background

Sleep disorders in pregnancy have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus, yet these findings are largely from retrospective studies. Using data from a prospective study that used validated tools to assess sleepiness in pregnancy, we aimed to assess the association of sleepiness in pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of data from a large, diverse prospective cohort of nulliparous individuals conducted at eight United States medical centers, those with self-reported sleep data were included. Sleepiness was evaluated in early (6-13 weeks) and mid-pregnancy (22-29 …

Fill The Void - An Introductory Guide For Learning Medical Imaging, Reid Faith, Peter Gahan, Adam Trusty, Aleksandr Zyskin, Chukwuka Ukekwe, Denise Nchinda, Amanda K. Burbage, Alberto E. Musto

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

No standardized, comprehensive approach for radiological image interpretation exists among medical schools in the United States of America. In order to rectify this, we outline a model aimed to help improve how medical imaging can be taught in medical schools. The VOID (Visualization, Orientation/Observation, Identification, Description) guide is a proposed universal, stepwise approach to medical image identification, interpretation, and communication. This structured guideline is aimed at building a foundation for students in early medical education. The VOID was applied to CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), and x-ray modalities as integrated sessions for medical students during human anatomy laboratory. …

Proof-Of-Concept Development And Preclinical Evaluation Of A Microarray Patch Platform For Codelivery Of Multiple Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies For Hiv Prevention, M. Melissa Peet, Vivek Agrahari, Parbeen Singh, Lam Luong Hoai Nguyen, Louise A. Ouattara, Eun Sung Yang, Carolina Herrera, Amarendra Pegu, Theodore C. Pierson, Thanh D. Nguyen, Gustavo F. Doncel

CONRAD Publications

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are advancing as a preventative or treatment option for HIV infection, but currently must be administered parenterally, typically as a large injection or infusion, an invasive method of delivery, especially for the pediatric population. Here, we present proof-of-concept data on a minimally invasive microneedle (MN) patch platform codelivering three bnAbs, PGT121, VRC07-523LS, and PGDM1400LS, from separate MN patch units or pixels. Each 1 cm² patch pixel, fabricated via solvent casting, contained similar to 2 mg of one bnAb. In ex vivo porcine skin tests, the MNs effectively penetrated the skin. When tested in vitro in PBS …

Acute Aortic Dissection Masquerading As Testicular Torsion: A Case Report, Bruce M. Lo, Megyn K. Christensen, Coral E. Byrns, Benjamin Chidester

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Aortic dissection is a rare but life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate if diagnosis is delayed. Aortic dissection classically presents with sudden-onset, sharp pain in the chest or back. However, atypical presentations can also occur, which could lead to a delay in diagnosis.

Case Report: A patient initially presented to the emergency department (ED) with left testicular pain ongoing for several hours. On examination, he had tenderness in the left lower quadrant abdomen and left testicle. A testicular ultrasound revealed decreased blood flow to the left testicle, raising concern for testicular torsion. The patient was taken to the …

Sglt2 Inhibitors In Cardio-Oncology: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Luigi Spadafora, Marco Bernardi, Gianmarco Sarto, Beatrice Simeone, Erica Rocco, Salvatore Carbone, Laura Adelaide Dalla Vecchia, Roberto Franco Enrico Pedretti, Valentina Valentine, Rachele Di Mario, Maurizio Forte, Giacomo Frati, Antonio Abbate, Michele Golino, Francesco Versaci, Mariangela Peruzzi, Pierre Sabouret, Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai, Sebastiano Sciarretta

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

Background

According to available evidence, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) may confer cardioprotection in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Objectives

The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of SGLT2i on all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) outcomes in this population.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase through August 2025 for studies of SGLT2i in adult patients with cancer. Random-effects models were used to pool effects for all-cause mortality and an HF composite (new-onset HF and/or HF hospitalization) in cancer patients >18 years. Meta-regression tested effect modification by beta-blockers, statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, age, and …

Turnover Time In Neuroangiography Suites: Comparison Between Cases Performed At An Ambulatory Neurosurgery Center Versus A Tertiary Hospital, Pui Man Rosalind Lai, Vinay Jaikumar, Erika L. Leasher, Varun Sridhar, Gustavo M. Cortez, Aimee C. Degaetano, Elad I. Levy

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

Background:

Efficient turnover time (TOT) and adherence to first-start time (FST) in operating and angiography suites are critical for optimizing workflow, reducing costs, and maximizing patient satisfaction. Hospitals face challenges in maintaining these metrics due to operational constraints and unexpected emergent cases. Our goal was to compare TOT, FST, and total admission time for elective cases performed in angiography suites at an ambulatory neurosurgery center (ANSC) versus a tertiary hospital (TH).

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data for patients who underwent elective diagnostic or interventional neuroendovascular procedures at the TH or ANSC from January 2024 through October 2024. …

Implementation And Clinical Utility Of Ultra-Low-Field Portable Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Postprocedural Neurological Evaluation In Ambulatory Neurosurgery: Illustrative Cases, Devan Patel, Vinay Jaikumar, Taysia P. T. Morioka, Laz Rifkin, Kenneth S. Jacoby, Jaims Lim, Anais Andrade, Aimee C. Degaetano, Pui Man Rosalind Lai, Elad I. Levy

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND

Elective endovascular neurosurgical procedures are increasingly performed in ambulatory neurosurgery centers, enabled by advances in catheter technology, safety of conscious sedation, and refined patient selection. Although complication rates are low, rapid evaluation of postprocedural neurological deficits remains critical. Conventional MRI is often impractical in outpatient or procedural settings, whereas ultra-low-field portable MRI (ULF-pMRI) systems (such as Swoop) allow bedside imaging with favorable diagnostic performance.

OBSERVATIONS

Two women in their 60s developed acute neurological deficits at an ambulatory neurosurgery center (ANSC) after diagnostic cerebral angiography in one case and elective internal carotid artery flow diversion in the other. In both …

Mechanism-Driven Therapy For Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar, Carl J. Lavie, Salvatore Carbone, Ian J. Neeland

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

[Introduction] Diabetic cardiovascular disease is a network disorder, not a glucose-only complication

Diabetes accelerates cardiovascular (CV) target-organ damage through multiple interacting biological modules that amplify risk even when glycemia is modestly controlled^[1]. These modules include (i) adipose tissue dysfunction with altered adipokine secretion and immune-cell infiltration; (ii) ectopic lipid deposition in liver, myocardium, and perivascular/epicardial fat (iii) endothelial dysfunction with impaired nitric oxide bioavailability and heightened oxidative stress (iv) chronic kidney disease (CKD)-mediated volume, pressure, and uremic-toxin stress, and (v) autonomic and neurohormonal activation that promotes hypertension, arrhythmias, and remodeling^[1]. The clinical spectrum includes macrovascular disease …

Sleep Problems In Children With Adhd: Associations With Internalizing Symptoms And Physical Activity, Xiao Liang, Mengping Zhao, Li Su, Justin A. Haegele, Richard H. Xu, Jiayue Li, Jinxian Guo, Choi-Yeung Tse, Shirley X. Li, David H. K. Shum

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience high rates of sleep problems and are at increased risk for developing internalizing problems. This study aimed to examine the association of sleep problems and physical activity with internalizing symptoms in children with ADHD. This cross-sectional study included 188 children with ADHD (M age = 8.60 ± 1.38, 78.7% boys). Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess sleep problems (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) and internalizing symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 [DASS 21]). The presence of sleep problems was defined as a PSQI score > 5. Physical activity was recorded by an ActiGraph …

Associations Between Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity And Sleep Duration And Health Indicators In Children And Adolescents With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Xiao Liang, Hui Qiu, Justin A. Haegele, Xiao Li, Minghui Li, Jiayue Li, Shirley Xin Li

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized available studies to explore relationships between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) levels or sleep duration and health-related outcomes in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines, the six databases APA PsychInfo, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus with Full Text and Web of Science were searched from inception through July 2024. The correlation coefficient (r) was employed to determine the effect size in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was utilised to estimate the potentially heterogeneously distributed effect sizes with a 95 % …