Medical Specialties Commons^™

Association Between Air Pollution And Incidence Of Dementia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Cohort Studies, Ehsan Abolhasani

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objective. To estimate the risk of dementia in association with exposure to air pollutants.

Methods. Six databases were searched. Cohort studies that reported the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia in association with exposure to air pollutants in adults > 40y were included. For all meta-analyses, the random-effects model was used.

Results. A total of 16 and 13 studies were included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis, respectively. Risk of dementia increased by 4% per 1μg/m³ increase in fine particulate matter level (HR, 1.04; 95%CI, [1.02, 1.06]), which was statistically significant. The risk of dementia increased by 3% per 10μg/m …

Patency And Complication Rates Of The Arteriovenous Fistula: A Systematic Review, Ahmed A. Al-Jaishi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Advantages of fistulas, which include long patency and low complication rates, were ascertained over two decades ago and may not apply to the contemporary dialysis population. We conducted a systematic review to summarize the patency and complication rates of fistulas from literature published after 1999. We screened 7,008 citations and 62 articles met our criteria. The risk of primary failure was 27% (95% confidence interval (CI): 23–32%). When primary failures were included, the primary and secondary patency rates were 59% (CI 53–64%) and 66% (CI 58–74%) at one year, respectively. The median rates of infection, ischemic steal syndrome, and thrombosis …