Medical Specialties Commons^™

Bayesian Varying-Effects Vector Autoregressive Models For Inference Of Brain Connectivity Networks And Covariate Effects In Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Yangfan Ren, Nathan Osborne, Christine B Peterson, Dana M Demaster, Linda Ewing-Cobbs, Marina Vannucci

Student and Faculty Publications

In this article, we develop an analytical approach for estimating brain connectivity networks that accounts for subject heterogeneity. More specifically, we consider a novel extension of a multi-subject Bayesian vector autoregressive model that estimates group-specific directed brain connectivity networks and accounts for the effects of covariates on the network edges. We adopt a flexible approach, allowing for (possibly) nonlinear effects of the covariates on edge strength via a novel Bayesian nonparametric prior that employs a weighted mixture of Gaussian processes. For posterior inference, we achieve computational scalability by implementing a variational Bayes scheme. Our approach enables simultaneous estimation of group-specific …

Teen Pregnancy Involvement Among African, Caribbean And Black Adolescent Boys And Girls: A Scoping Review, Emmanuela Ojukwu, Eunice Bawafaa, Emily Mckay, Harsimran Grewal, Sara Afsah, Shivangi Singh, Elizabeth Saewyc

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the incidence, associated factors and interventions to address teen pregnancy involvement (TPI) among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) adolescents in North America.

DESIGN: We conducted a scoping review of the literature, guided by the social-ecological model.

DATA SOURCES: Studies were retrieved from databases such as Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, CAB Direct and Google Scholar and imported into COVIDENCE for screening.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The Joanna Briggs Institute scoping reviews protocol guided the establishment of eligibility criteria. Included studies focused on rates, associated factors and interventions related to TPI among ACB boys and girls aged …

Insurance Coverage During Transitions: Evidence From Medicaid Automatic Enrollment For Children Receiving Supplemental Security Income, Stephanie Rennane, Danielle Sobol, Bradley D Stein, Andrew Dick

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: To analyze relationships between Medicaid automatic enrollment for child Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients and health insurance coverage during transitions.

DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: Medical Expenditure Panel Study, 2000-2020 and National Survey for Children with Special Health Care Needs, 2001-2010.

STUDY DESIGN: Leveraging variation in SSI-Medicaid automatic enrollment status across regions and over time, we estimate a regression model to quantify associations between automatic enrollment and insurance coverage. We validate our findings in the NS-CSHCN.

DATA COLLECTION: Our sample includes children receiving SSI for a disability. We also analyze a subsample of children newly enrolled in SSI.

PRINCIPAL …

Improved Pediatric Icu Mortality Prediction For Respiratory Diseases: Machine Learning And Data Subdivision Insights, Johayra Prithula, Muhammad E H Chowdhury, Muhammad Salman Khan, Khalid Al-Ansari, Susu M Zughaier, Khandaker Reajul Islam, Abdulrahman Alqahtani

Student and Faculty Publications

The growing concern of pediatric mortality demands heightened preparedness in clinical settings, especially within intensive care units (ICUs). As respiratory-related admissions account for a substantial portion of pediatric illnesses, there is a pressing need to predict ICU mortality in these cases. This study based on data from 1188 patients, addresses this imperative using machine learning techniques and investigating different class balancing methods for pediatric ICU mortality prediction. This study employs the publicly accessible "Paediatric Intensive Care database" to train, validate, and test a machine learning model for predicting pediatric patient mortality. Features were ranked using three machine learning feature selection …

Exome Sequencing Implicates Ancestry-Related Mendelian Variation At Syne1 In Childhood-Onset Essential Hypertension, Ian Copeland, Edmond Wonkam-Tingang, Monesha Gupta-Malhotra, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Yixing Han, Aarti Jajoo, Nancy J Hall, Paula P Hernandez, Natasha Lie, Dan Liu, Jun Xu, Jill Rosenfeld, Aparna Haldipur, Zelene Desire, Zeynep H Coban-Akdemir, Daryl A Scott, Qing Li, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Ana M Zaske, James R Lupski, Dianna M Milewicz, Sanjay Shete, Jennifer E Posey, Neil A Hanchard

Student and Faculty Publications

Childhood-onset essential hypertension (COEH) is an uncommon form of hypertension that manifests in childhood or adolescence and, in the United States, disproportionately affects children of African ancestry. The etiology of COEH is unknown, but its childhood onset, low prevalence, high heritability, and skewed ancestral demography suggest the potential to identify rare genetic variation segregating in a Mendelian manner among affected individuals and thereby implicate genes important to disease pathogenesis. However, no COEH genes have been reported to date. Here, we identify recessive segregation of rare and putatively damaging missense variation in the spectrin domain of spectrin repeat containing nuclear envelope …

‘Joining The Dots: Linking Prenatal Drug Exposure To Childhood And Adolescence’ – Research Protocol Of A Population Cohort Study, Kate Lawler, Mithilesh Dronavalli, Andrew Page, Evelyn Lee, Hannah Uebel, Barbara Bajuk, Lucinda Burns, Michelle Dickson, Charles Green, Lauren Dicair, John Eastwood, Ju Lee Oei

Student and Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Prenatal drug exposure (PDE) is one of the most important causes of child harm, but comprehensive information about the long-term outcomes of the families is difficult to ascertain. The

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Information from routinely collected administrative databases was linked for all births registered in New South Wales (NSW), Australia between 1 July 2001 and 31 December 2020 (n=1 834 550). Outcomes for seven mutually exclusive groups of children with varying prenatal exposure to maternal substances of addiction, including smoking, alcohol, prescription/illicit drugs and neonatal abstinence syndrome will be assessed. Key exposure measures include maternal drug use type, maternal …

‘Joining The Dots: Linking Prenatal Drug Exposure To Childhood And Adolescence’ – Research Protocol Of A Population Cohort Study, Kate Lawler, Mithilesh Dronavalli, Andrew Page, Evelyn Lee, Hannah Uebel, Barbara Bajuk, Lucinda Burns, Michelle Dickson, Charles Green, Lauren Dicair, John Eastwood, Ju Lee Oei

Student and Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Prenatal drug exposure (PDE) is one of the most important causes of child harm, but comprehensive information about the long-term outcomes of the families is difficult to ascertain. The

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Information from routinely collected administrative databases was linked for all births registered in New South Wales (NSW), Australia between 1 July 2001 and 31 December 2020 (n=1 834 550). Outcomes for seven mutually exclusive groups of children with varying prenatal exposure to maternal substances of addiction, including smoking, alcohol, prescription/illicit drugs and neonatal abstinence syndrome will be assessed. Key exposure measures include maternal drug use type, maternal …

Recurrent Nontraumatic Subgaleal Hematomas In A Pediatric Patient With Sickle Cell Disease, Irtiza N Sheikh, Olayinka Okeleji, Rabya Afzal, Eliana Bonfante, Monica Kodakandla, Neethu M Menon

Student and Faculty Publications

Spontaneous subgaleal hematoma in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is a rare occurrence that can present with symptoms mimicking ischemic stroke, a known complication of SCD. However, unlike ischemic stroke, subgaleal hematoma is nonlethal and can be managed conservatively without major sequelae. Here, we present the case of an adolescent with SCD who presented with 2 episodes of subgaleal and epidural hematomas, 2 years apart. The latter episode occurred while on crizanlizumab, an anti-P-selectin antibody, approved for use in SCD in 2019 to reduce the number of acute pain crises. We demonstrate the diagnosis of subgaleal hematoma and …

Subcortical And Cerebellar Volume Differences In Bilingual And Monolingual Children: An Abcd Study, My V H Nguyen, Yinan Xu, Kelly A Vaughn, Arturo E Hernandez

Student and Faculty Publications

Research suggests that bilingual children experience an extension or delay in the closing of the sensitive/critical period of language development due to multiple language exposure. Moreover, bilingual experience may impact the development of subcortical regions, although these conclusions are drawn from research with adults, as there is a scarcity of research during late childhood and early adolescence. The current study included 1215 bilingual and 5894 monolingual children from the ABCD Study to examine the relationship between subcortical volume and English vocabulary in heritage Spanish bilingual and English monolingual children, as well as volumetric differences between the language groups. We also …

Large-Scale Investigation Of White Matter Structural Differences In Bilingual And Monolingual Children: An Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Data Study, Juliana Ronderos, Jennifer Zuk, Arturo E Hernandez, Kelly A Vaughn

Student and Faculty Publications

Emerging research has provided valuable insights into the structural characteristics of the bilingual brain from studies of bilingual adults; however, there is a dearth of evidence examining brain structural alterations in childhood associated with the bilingual experience. This study examined the associations between bilingualism and white matter organization in bilingual children compared to monolingual peers leveraging the large-scale data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Then, 446 bilingual children (ages 9-10) were identified from the participants in the ABCD data and rigorously matched to a group of 446 monolingual peers. Multiple regression models for selected language and cognitive …

Rising Prevalence Of Mild Chronic Gastritis In Children: A Single Center Experience, Rohit Josyabhatla, Mary Lauren Wood, Amber Gafur, Nina Tatevian, Amanda S Tchakarov, Syed Shahrukh Hashmi, Jon Marc Rhoads, Melissa Renee Van Arsdall

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: We analyzed upper endoscopic and histological findings in 3 cohorts of children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy over a 10-year period. Five hundred seventy-nine patients were identified, with 244 (42%), 199 (35%), and 136 (23%) in the 2011, 2015, and 2019 cohorts, respectively. The most common symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, vomiting, failure to thrive, and diarrhea.

RESULTS: The number of patients who had histological evidence of chronic gastritis increased from 2011 (n = 70, 29%) to 2015 (n = 106, 53%) and 2019 (n = 92, 68%;

CONCLUSIONS: There has been a significant rise in the …

Responsive Neurostimulation For People With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Madeline C Fields, Christina Marsh, Onome Eka, Emily A Johnson, Lara V Marcuse, Churl-Su Kwon, James J Young, Maite Lavega-Talbott, Mohankumar Kurukumbi, Gretchen Von Allmen, John Zempel, Daniel Friedman, Nathalie Jette, Anuradha Singh, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Leah Blank, Fedor Panov, Saadi Ghatan

Student and Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have comorbid epilepsy at much higher rates than the general population, and about 30% will be refractory to medication. Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) should be referred for surgical evaluation, yet many with ASD and DRE are not resective surgical candidates. The aim of this study was to examine the response of this population to the responsive neurostimulator (RNS) System.

METHODS: This multicenter study evaluated patients with ASD and DRE who underwent RNS System placement. Patients were included if they had the RNS System placed for 1 year or more. Seizure reduction and …

Research Priorities For Children’S Cancer: A James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership In The Uk, Susie Aldiss, Rachel Hollis, Bob Phillips, Ashley Ball-Gamble, Alex Brownsdon, Julia Chisholm, Scott Crowther, Rachel Dommett, Jonathan Gower, Nigel J Hall, Helen Hartley, Jenni Hatton, Louise Henry, Loveday Langton, Kirsty Maddock, Sonia Malik, Keeley Mcevoy, Jessica Elizabeth Morgan, Helen Morris, Simon Parke, Sue Picton, Rosa Reed-Berendt, Dan Saunders, Andy Stewart, Wendy Tarplee-Morris, Amy Walsh, Anna Watkins, David Weller, Faith Gibson

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: To engage children who have experienced cancer, childhood cancer survivors, their families and professionals to systematically identify and prioritise research questions about childhood cancer to inform the future research agenda.

DESIGN: James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership.

SETTING: UK health service and community.

METHODS: A steering group oversaw the initiative. Potential research questions were collected in an online survey, then checked to ensure they were unanswered. Shortlisting via a second online survey identified the highest priority questions. A parallel process with children was undertaken. A final consensus workshop was held to determine the Top 10 priorities.

PARTICIPANTS: Children and …

Early Skeletal Muscle Loss In Adolescent And Young Adult Cancer Patients Treated With Anthracycline Chemotherapy, Savannah V Wooten, Fei Wang, Michael E Roth, Guanshu Liu, J Andrew Livingston, Behrang Amini, Susan C Gilchrist, Michelle Hildebrandt, Eugenie S Kleinerman

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Early skeletal muscle loss has been observed in adolescent and young adult (AYA) sarcoma patients undergoing treatment. Identification of individuals within the AYA populace that are at greatest risk of anthracycline-induced skeletal muscle loss is unknown. Moreover, investigations which seek out underlying causes of skeletal muscle degradation during chemotherapy are critical for understanding, preventing, and reducing chronic health conditions associated with poor skeletal muscle status.

METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to investigate changes in skeletal muscle of 153 AYA sarcoma and Hodgkin lymphoma patients at thoracic vertebra 4 after anthracycline treatment. Images were examined at three time …

Utilization And Predictors Of Adjuvant Metformin For Children And Adolescents On Mixed Receptor Antagonists (Second-Generation Antipsychotics), Hua Chen, Ning Lyu, Wenyaw Chan, Austin De La Cruz, Chadi Calarge

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: to examine utilization and predictors of adjuvant metformin among pediatric recipients of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) (mixed receptor antagonist).

METHOD: This study used 2016-2021 data of a national electronic medical record database. Eligible participants were children aged 6 to 17 with a new SGA prescription for at least 90 days. Predictors of prescribing adjuvant metformin in general and to nonobese pediatric SGA recipients in particular were assessed using conditional logistic regression and logistic regression analyses, respectively.

RESULTS: Of 30,009 pediatric SGA recipients identified, 2.3% (n = 785) received adjuvant metformin. Among 597 participants with a body mass index z score …

Teen Pregnancy Involvement Among African, Caribbean And Black Adolescent Boys And Girls: A Scoping Review Protocol, Emmanuela Ojukwu, Eunice Bawafaa, Sara Afsah, Shivangi Singh, Harsimran Grewal, Zainab Raja, Emily Mckay

Student and Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) adolescents are disproportionately affected by teen pregnancy in North America. Teen pregnancy poses risks to the quality of life of adolescent boys and girls, including physical, psychosocial and socioeconomic risks. Our review aims to explore this public health concern for ACB adolescents within North America. We aim to identify and analyse available evidence on the incidence and prevalence of, associated factors of and interventions to curtail teen pregnancy involvement (TPI) among ACB adolescent boys and girls in North America. This review will explore TPI, rather than teen pregnancy, to ensure a review of men' …

Management Of Pediatric Appendicitis During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study, Brittany Hegde, Elisa Garcia, Andrew Hu, Mehul Raval, Sanyu Takirambudde, Derek Wakeman, Ruth Lewit, Ankush Gosain, Raphael H Parrado, Robert A Cina, Krista Stephenson, Melvin S Dassinger, Daniel Zhang, Moiz M Mustafa, Donna Koo, Aaron M Lipskar, Katherine Scheidler, Kyle J Van Arendonk, Patrick Berg, Raquel Gonzalez, Daniel Scheese, Jeffrey Haynes, Alexander Mina, Irving J Zamora, Monica E Lopez, Steven C Mehl, Elizabeth Gilliam, Katrina Lofberg, Brianna Spencer, Afif N Kulaylat, Brian C Gulack, Matthew Johnson, Matthew Laskovy, Pavan Brahmamdam, Aoi Shimomura, Therese Blanch, Kuojen Tsao, Bethany J Slater

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted timely access to care for children, including patients with appendicitis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of appendicitis and patient outcomes.

METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was performed including 19 children's hospitals from April 2019-October 2020 of children (age≤18 years) diagnosed with appendicitis. Groups were defined by each hospital's city/state stay-at-home orders (SAHO), designating patients as Pre-COVID (Pre-SAHO) or COVID (Post-SAHO). Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were obtained, and univariate and multivariable analysis was performed.

RESULTS: Of 6,014 patients, 2,413 (40.1%) presented during the COVID-19 pandemic. More …

Achondroplasia Natural History Study (Clarity): 60-Year Experience In Orthopedic Surgery From Four Skeletal Dysplasia Centers, Nickolas J Nahm, W G Stuart Mackenzie, William G Mackenzie, Ethan Gough, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Jacqueline T Hecht, Janet M Legare, Mary Ellen Little, Peggy Modaff, Richard M Pauli, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Maria Elena Serna, Cory J Smid, Julie Hoover-Fong, Michael B Bober

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and risk factors for orthopedic surgery in patients with achondroplasia. CLARITY (The Achondroplasia Natural History Study) includes clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the United States from 1957 to 2018. Data were entered and stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database.

RESULTS: Information from one thousand three hundred and seventy-four patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Four hundred and eight (29.7%) patients had at least one orthopedic surgery during their lifetime and 299 (21.8%) patients underwent multiple procedures. …

Sedation And Analgesia For Reduction Of Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception, Naveen Poonai, Daniel M Cohen, Doug Macdowell, Rakesh D Mistry, Santiago Mintegi, Simon Craig, Damian Roland, Michael Miller, Itai Shavit, Paediatric Emergency Research Networks (Pern) Paint Study Group;, Yvette Wang, Alan Nager, Theodore Heyming, Rebekah Burns, Indi Trehan, Matthew Lipshaw, Carmen Sulton, Joyce Li, Aderonke Ojo, Susan Kelly, Matthew Thornton, Kerry Caperell, Iluonose Amoni, Anna Abrams, Myto Duong, Muhammad Wassem, Adrienne Davis, Jocelyn Gravel, Evelyne Doyon Trottier, Neta Bar Am, Graham Thompson, Vikram Sabhaney, Garth Meckler, Rini Jain, Samina Ali, Silvia Bressan, Tiziana Zangardi, Giovanna Villa, Martina Giacalone, Michelle Seiler, Cyril Sahyoun, Fabrizio Romano, Zsolt Bognar, Szofia Hajosi-Kalcakosz, Lisa Amir, Said Hachimi-Idrissi, Zanda Pucuka, Astra Zviedre, Emilija Zeltina, Natalie Phillips, Meredith Borland, Sharon O'Brien, Jeanette Marchant, Amit Kochar, Shane George, Victoria Pennington, Mark Lyttle, Jen Browning, Anna Mcloughlin, Stuart Hartshorn, Chaman Urooj, Lucy Johnston, Emily Walton, Deepika Subrahmanyam Puthucode, Phil Peacock, James Conroy, Rafael Marañon, Silvia Garcia, Nuria Cahís, Amaia Cámara-Otegui, Arantxa Gomez, Maria Carbonero, Carlos Angelats-Romero, Adriana Yock-Corrales, Gabriela Hualde, Fabian Spigariol, Alex Donas, Cinthia Gübeli Linné, Alessia Rocchi, Alessia Pedrazzini, Giorgio Cozzi, Dino Barbi, Laura Baggio, Giovana La Fauci, Angela Mauro, Matthew Steimle, Danilo Buonsenso, Irma Ugalde, Gaby Nieva, Charlotte Harper, Idanna Sforzi, Shobhit Jain

Student and Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Ileocolic intussusception is an important cause of intestinal obstruction in children. Reduction of ileocolic intussusception using air or fluid enema is the standard of care. This likely distressing procedure is usually performed without sedation or analgesia, but practice variation exists.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the prevalence of opioid analgesia and sedation and assess their association with intestinal perforation and failed reduction.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study reviewed medical records of children aged 4 to 48 months with attempted reduction of ileocolic intussusception at 86 pediatric tertiary care institutions in 14 countries from January 2017 to December 2019. Of …

Creating A Data Dictionary For Pediatric Autonomic Disorders, Jeffrey R Boris, Hasan Abdallah, Shelley Ahrens, Gisela Chelimsky, Thomas C Chelimsky, Philip R Fischer, John E Fortunato, Raewyn Gavin, Janice L Gilden, Renato Gonik, Blair P Grubb, Kelsey M Klaas, Erin Marriott, Lauren E Marsillio, Marvin S Medow, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Mohammed T Numan, Erin Olufs, Laura A Pace, Paul T Pianosi, Pippa Simpson, Julian M Stewart, Sally Tarbell, Natalie R Van Waning, Debra E Weese-Mayer

Student and Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Whether evaluating patients clinically, documenting care in the electronic health record, performing research, or communicating with administrative agencies, the use of a common set of terms and definitions is vital to ensure appropriate use of language. At a 2017 meeting of the Pediatric Section of the American Autonomic Society, it was determined that an autonomic data dictionary comprising aspects of evaluation and management of pediatric patients with autonomic disorders would be an important resource for multiple stakeholders.

METHODS: Our group created the list of terms for the dictionary. Definitions were prioritized to be obtained from established sources with which …

Sexual Health And Relationship Abuse Interventions In Pediatric Primary Care: A Systematic Review, Susheel Kant Khetarpal, Sarah Tiffany-Appleton, Erin E Mickievicz, Romina L Barral, Kimberly A Randell, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth Miller, Maya I Ragavan

Student and Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Supporting adolescents in developing healthy relationships and promoting sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is an important responsibility of pediatric primary care providers. Less is known about evidence-based interventions in pediatric settings focused on healthy relationships and SRH.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic review to describe SRH and healthy relationship/adolescent relationship abuse (ARA) interventions for pediatric primary care over the past 20 years. Eligible articles were original research on an SRH-focused or ARA-focused intervention, conducted in-person within pediatric primary care or school-based health centers specifically for middle or high school-aged adolescents. Data abstracted from included articles included intervention description, content, …

N-Of-1 Trials Vs. Usual Care In Children With Hypertension: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial, Joyce P Samuel, Cynthia S Bell, Joshua A Samuels, Celin Rajan, Adrienne K Walton, Charles Green, Jon E Tyson

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Blood pressure (BP) is often inadequately controlled in children treated for hypertension, and personalized (n-of-1) trials show promise for tailoring treatment choices. We assessed whether patients whose treatment choices are informed by an n-of-1 trial have improved BP control compared to usual care.

METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in a pediatric hypertension clinic in Houston from April 2018 to September 2020. Hypertensive adolescents and young adults 10-22 years old were randomized 1:1 to a strategy of n-of-1 trial using ambulatory BP monitoring to inform treatment choice or usual care, with treatment selected by physician preference. The primary …

Prospective Evaluation Of The Fungitell® (1→3) Beta-D-Glucan Assay As A Diagnostic Tool For Invasive Fungal Disease In Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report From The Children's Oncology Group, William R Otto, Christopher C Dvorak, Craig L K Boge, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Adam J Esbenshade, Michael L Nieder, Sarah Alexander, William J Steinbach, Ha Dang, Doojduen Villaluna, Lu Chen, Micah Skeens, Theoklis E Zaoutis, Lillian Sung, Brian T Fisher

Faculty and Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Non-invasive biomarkers, such as the beta-D-glucan assay, may improve the diagnosis of IFD. The objective was to define the utility of surveillance testing using Fungitell® beta-D-glucan (BDG) assay in children receiving antifungal prophylaxis in the immediate post-HCT period.

METHODS: Weekly surveillance blood testing with the Fungitell® BDG assay was performed during the early post-HCT period in the context of a randomized trial of children, adolescents, and young adults undergoing allogeneic HCT allocated to triazole or caspofungin prophylaxis. Positivity was defined at …

Novel Psychiatric Disorder 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury In Children And Adolescents, Jeffrey E Max, Imogen Drake, Florin Vaida, John R Hesselink, Linda Ewing-Cobbs, Russell J Schachar, Sandra B Chapman, Erin D Bigler, Elisabeth A Wilde, Ann E Saunders, Tony T Yang, Olga Tymofiyeva, Harvey S Levin

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors predictive of novel psychiatric disorders in the interval 0-6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODS: Children ages 5-14 years consecutively hospitalized for mild to severe TBI at five hospitals were recruited. Participants were evaluated at baseline (soon after injury) for pre-injury characteristics including psychiatric disorders, socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial adversity, family function, family psychiatric history, and adaptive function. In addition to the psychosocial variables, injury severity and lesion location detected with acquisition of a research MRI were measured to develop a biopsychosocial predictive model for development of novel psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric outcome, including occurrence …

Delayed Presentation Of Berardinelli-Siep Lipodystrophy In An Adolescent Female, Courtney Cleary, Nadine Gordon, Sheela Gavvala

Student and Faculty Publications

Berardinelli-Siep syndrome (BSS) is a form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy that disrupts the pathways of lipid metabolism. It presents with physical exam findings, including muscular hypertrophy and lipoatrophy as well as serious metabolic consequences such as diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, acute pancreatitis, hepatomegaly, and hepatic steatosis. Diagnosis generally occurs soon after birth or in childhood. The case presented is significant for a delayed diagnosis of suspected BSS Type 1 which is rather uncommon in a developed country. Due to the detrimental complications of BSS, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pancreatitis, and liver disease, early diagnosis and intervention are crucial. Pediatric providers must …

A Review Of The Effectiveness, Feasibility, And Acceptability Of Art Therapy For Children And Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Minh Ngoc Le Vu, Anh Linh Do, Laurent Boyer, Quy Chi Tran, Stefan Kohler, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Andreea Molnar, Tung Son Vu, Nhan Trong Huynh Vo, Linh Mai Vu Nguyen, Linh Gia Vu, Vu Anh Trong Dam, Thomy Duong, Dan Linh Nguyen Do, Ngoc Minh Do, Roger S Mclntyre, Carl Latkin, Roger Chun Man Ho, Cyrus Su Hui Ho

Faculty and Staff Publications

Art therapy has been widely offered to reduce symptoms of psychological disturbance. Pooled evidence about its effectiveness in epidemic contexts, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, has not been yet established. This study reviewed the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of art therapy on children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and past epidemics. We searched PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, CENTRAL (Cochrane Library), and CINAHL for articles on art therapy during COVID-19. Included studies reported improvements in measures of mental health, sleep quality, and psychological well-being in children with or without disabilities in the epidemic context. Results also showed that art therapy was highly …

Mrna Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine-Associated Myopericarditis In Adolescents: A Survey Study, Utkarsh Kohli, Lavina Desai, Devyani Chowdhury, Ashraf S Harahsheh, Alexandra B Yonts, Annette Ansong, Arash Sabati, Hoang H Nguyen, Tarique Hussain, Danyal Khan, David A Parra, Jennifer A Su, Jyoti K Patel, Christina Ronai, Monique Bohun, Bishara J Freij, Matthew J O'Connor, Joseph W Rosanno, Aamisha Gupta, Arash Salavitabar, Adam L Dorfman, Jesse Hansen, Olivia Frosch, Elizabeth L Profita, Shiraz Maskatia, Deepika Thacker, Shubhika Shrivastava, Tyler H Harris, Brian Feingold, Stuart Berger, Michael Campbell, Salim F Idriss, Srikant Das, Markus S Renno, Ken Knecht, S Yukiko Asaki, Sunil Patel, Ravi Ashwath, Renata Shih, John Phillips, Bibhuti Das, Preeti Ramachandran, Eyal Sagiv, Aarti H Bhat, Jonathan N Johnson, Nathaniel W Taggart, Jason Imundo, Natasha Nakra, Shashank Behere, Anjlee Patel, Avichal Aggarwal, Saif Aljemmali, Sean Lang, Sarosh P Batlivala, Daniel E Forsha, Gregory P Conners, Jana Shaw, Frank C Smith, Linda Pauliks, Joseph Vettukattil, Kenneth Shaffer, Stefanie Cheang, Sonia Voleti, Rajesh Shenoy, Rukmini Komarlu, Shea J Ryan, Christopher Snyder, Neha Bansal, Madhu Sharma, Jeffrey A Robinson, Sandra R Arnold, Christine M Salvatore, Madan Kumar, Michael A Fremed, Julie S Glickstein, Melissa Perrotta, William Orr, Tamika Rozema, Muthayipalayam Thirumoorthi, Charles J Mullett, Jocelyn Y Ang

Student and Faculty Publications

In this survey study of institutions across the US, marked variability in evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of adolescents 12 through 18 years of age with mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-associated myopericarditis was noted. Only one adolescent with life-threatening complications was reported, with no deaths at any of the participating institutions.

Covid-19 In Children And The Influence On The Employment Activity Of Their Female Caregivers: A Cross Sectional Gender Perspective Study, Catalina Jaime Trujillo, Natalia Herrera Olano, Kevin Rico Gutiérrez, Daniela Medellín, Paola Sánchez, María Lucía Mesa-Rubio, Melisa Sofía Naranjo, Sergio Mauricio Moreno, Carolina Bonilla, Pedro Barrera, Sonia M Restrepo-Gualteros, Luz Marina Mejia, Olga Lucía Baquero, Juan Gabriel Piñeros, Andrea Ramírez Varela

Student and Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, women disproportionately assume more unpaid activities, affecting their employment.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the influence of COVID-19 on the employment of caregivers of children and adolescents from a gender perspective.

METHODS: Cross-sectional study in three high-complexity hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia from April 2020 to June 2021. A subsample of the FARA cohort was taken, including those patients with a positive test for SARS-COV2. We took as our analysis category children older than 8 years and younger than 18 years who had a positive SARS-COV2 test, as well as, caregivers of all children with a positive SARS-COV2 test. …

Novel Oppositional Defiant Disorder 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury In Children And Adolescents, Daniel S Lowet, Anish Kolan, Florin Vaida, John R Hesselink, Harvey S Levin, Linda Ewing-Cobbs, Russell J Schachar, Sandra B Chapman, Erin D Bigler, Elisabeth A Wilde, Ann E Saunders, Tony T Yang, Olga Tymofiyeva, Hattan Arif, Jeffrey E Max

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The investigators aimed to assess predictive factors of novel oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) among children and adolescents in the first 6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODS: Children ages 5-14 years who experienced a TBI were recruited from consecutive admissions to five hospitals. Testing of a biopsychosocial model that may elucidate the development of novel ODD included assessment soon after injury (baseline) of preinjury characteristics, including psychiatric disorders, adaptive function, family function, psychosocial adversity, family psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, injury severity, and postinjury processing speed (which may be a proxy for brain injury). MRI analyses were also conducted …

Post-Concussion And Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Shared Vulnerability Factors?, Emily R Fisher, Janelle J Montroy, Gerardo Duque, Charles S Cox, Linda Ewing-Cobbs

Student and Faculty Publications

Following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), post-concussion symptoms (PCS) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) occur commonly; however, it is unknown to what degree they overlap. The study examined PCS and PTSS persisting 7 weeks after injury in children and adolescents ages 8-15 years with TBI (n = 89) or extracranial injury (EI; n = 40) after vehicle collisions. TBI was divided into mild, complicated-mild/moderate, and severe groups. Parents retrospectively rated children's pre-injury symptoms and behavior problems, and children completed self-report measures after injury. PCS and PTSS total scores were significantly correlated in TBI and EI groups, respectively, for child …