Medical Specialties Commons^™

The Modified Clinical Progression Scale For Pediatric Patients: Evaluation As A Severity Metric And Outcome Measure In Severe Acute Viral Respiratory Illness., Shannon B. Leland, Steven J. Staffa, Margaret M. Newhams, Robinder G. Khemani, John C. Marshall, Cameron C. Young, Aline B. Maddux, Mark W. Hall, Scott L. Weiss, Adam J. Schwarz, Bria M. Coates, Ronald C. Sanders, Michele Kong, Neal J. Thomas, Ryan A. Nofziger, Melissa L. Cullimore, Natasha B. Halasa, Laura L. Loftis, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Jennifer E. Schuster, Heidi Flori, Shira J. Gertz, Janet R. Hume, Samantha M. Olson, Manish M. Patel, David Zurakowski, Adrienne G. Randolph, Pediatric Acute Lung And Sepsis Investigator’S Network Pediatric Intensive Care Influenza Study Group (Palisi Picflu) Investigators And Overcoming Covid-19 Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: To develop, evaluate, and explore the use of a pediatric ordinal score as a potential clinical trial outcome metric in children hospitalized with acute hypoxic respiratory failure caused by viral respiratory infections.

DESIGN: We modified the World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale for pediatric patients (CPS-Ped) and assigned CPS-Ped at admission, days 2-4, 7, and 14. We identified predictors of clinical improvement (day 14 CPS-Ped ≤ 2 or a three-point decrease) using competing risks regression and compared clinical improvement to hospital length of stay (LOS) and ventilator-free days. We estimated sample sizes (80% power) to detect a 15% clinical …

Covid-19 Disease Characterization And Outcomes Comparison In Pediatrics, Rachel Rowland, Abigail Schauble, Brendon Cornett

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

It has been reported that children experience less severe COVID-19 symptoms than adults; however, the literature that supports this idea is evolving. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively characterize hospitalized COVID-19-positive pediatric patients with a focus on the assessment of risk factors for poorer outcomes, mortality, and evaluation of interventions utilized and associated clinical outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a multi-center retrospective chart review of patients 18 years old or younger who were COVID-19 positive and admitted to any US HCA Healthcare Pediatric service line between January 1, 2020, and November 30, 2020. We identified 6081 children across …

Circulation Of Rhinoviruses And/Or Enteroviruses In Pediatric Patients With Acute Respiratory Illness Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Us., Danielle A. Rankin, Andrew J. Spieker, Ariana Perez, Anna L. Stahl, Herdi K. Rahman, Laura S. Stewart, Jennifer E. Schuster, Joana Y. Lively, Zaid Haddadin, Varvara Probst, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Mary A. Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Monica M. Mcneal, Christopher J. Harrison, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Susan I. Gerber, Meredith Mcmorrow, Brian Rha, James D. Chappell, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Claire M. Midgley, Natasha B. Halasa, Nvsn Network Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Rhinoviruses and/or enteroviruses, which continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic, are commonly detected in pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Yet detailed characterization of rhinovirus and/or enterovirus detection over time is limited, especially by age group and health care setting.

OBJECTIVE: To quantify and characterize rhinovirus and/or enterovirus detection before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among children and adolescents seeking medical care for ARI at emergency departments (EDs) or hospitals.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN), a multicenter, active, prospective surveillance platform, for pediatric patients who sought …

Prospective Evaluation Of The Fungitell® (1→3) Beta-D-Glucan Assay As A Diagnostic Tool For Invasive Fungal Disease In Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report From The Children's Oncology Group, William R Otto, Christopher C Dvorak, Craig L K Boge, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Adam J Esbenshade, Michael L Nieder, Sarah Alexander, William J Steinbach, Ha Dang, Doojduen Villaluna, Lu Chen, Micah Skeens, Theoklis E Zaoutis, Lillian Sung, Brian T Fisher

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Non-invasive biomarkers, such as the beta-D-glucan assay, may improve the diagnosis of IFD. The objective was to define the utility of surveillance testing using Fungitell® beta-D-glucan (BDG) assay in children receiving antifungal prophylaxis in the immediate post-HCT period.

METHODS: Weekly surveillance blood testing with the Fungitell® BDG assay was performed during the early post-HCT period in the context of a randomized trial of children, adolescents, and young adults undergoing allogeneic HCT allocated to triazole or caspofungin prophylaxis. Positivity was defined at …

A Survey With Interventional Components Delivered On Tablet Devices Versus Usual Care To Increase Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Cisgender Black Women: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Mandy J Hill, Angela M Heads, Robert Suchting, Angela L Stotts

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Cisgender (cis) Black women in the USA are more likely to become HIV positive during their lifetime than other women. We developed and implemented a behavioral intervention, Increasing PrEP (iPrEP), the first pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at motivating cis Black women to be willing to use PrEP for HIV prevention and attend an initial PrEP clinic visit following an emergency department visit.

METHODS: Eligible participants were Black cisgender women ages 18-55 years who acknowledged recent condomless sex and substance use. Participants were randomized to iPrEP or usual care (UC). iPrEP is a survey-based intervention designed to raise …

Factors Associated With Prevalent Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection And Disease Among Adolescents And Adults Exposed To Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis In The Household, Soyeon Kim, Anneke C. Hesseling, Xingye Wu, Michael D. Hughes, N. Sarita Shah, Sanjay Gaikwad, Nishi Kumarasamy, Erika Mitchell, Mey Leon, Pedro Gonzales, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Madeleine Lourens, Sandy Nerette, Justin Shenje, Petra De Koker, Supalert Nedsuwan, Lerato Mohapi, Unoda A. Chakalisa, Rosie Mngqbisa, Rodrigo Otávio Da Silva Escada, Samuel Ouma, Barbara Heckman, Linda Naini, Amita Gupta, Susan Swindells, Gavin Churchyard, Actg A5300/Impaact 2003 Phoenix Feasibility Study Team

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

BACKGROUND: Understanding factors associated with prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and prevalent TB disease in household contacts of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) may be useful for TB program staff conducting contact investigations.

METHODS: Using data from a cross-sectional study that enrolled index participants with rifampin-resistant pulmonary TB and their household contacts (HHCs), we evaluated HHCs age ≥15 years for factors associated with two outcomes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and TB disease. Among HHCs who were not already diagnosed with current active TB disease by the TB program, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was determined by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). TB disease was adjudicated …