Medical Specialties Commons^™

Maternal Depressive Symptoms And Child Behavior Among Mexican Women And Their Children., Emily P Flynn, Esther O Chung, Emily J Ozer, Lia C H Fernald

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Over 50% of mothers in rural Mexico have high depressive symptoms, and their children's health and development are likely to be negatively affected. A critical question is whether children vary in their vulnerability to the effects of high maternal depressive symptoms according to their indigenous ethnicity, maternal education, or household wealth. Our sample included 4442 mothers and 5503 children from an evaluation of Mexico's social welfare program. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale, and child behavior was measured using an adapted version of the Behavior Problems Index (BPI). Multiple linear regression models …

High Trait Shame Undermines The Protective Effects Of Prevalence Knowledge On State Shame Following Hpv/Cin Diagnosis In Women, Sarah Mcqueary Flynn, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Christen T. Logue, Jamie L. Studts

Psychology Faculty Publications

Human papillomavirus (HPV), and the related, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), are common yet poorly understood physical conditions. The diagnosis of HPV often elicits shame and guilt, which in turn may undermine psychological and physical health. The current study compared shame and guilt responses to diagnosis among two groups: women diagnosed with HPV/CIN and women diagnosed with Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV/IM). Eighty women recently diagnosed with HPV/CIN or EBV/IM completed measures of shame- and guilt-proneness, shame and guilt following diagnosis, and disease knowledge including prevalence estimates (HPV and EBV, respectively). HPV/CIN (vs. EBV/IM) predicted more diagnosis-related shame and guilt. Estimates of high …

Xenon In The Treatment Of Panic Disorder: An Open Label Study., Alexander Dobrovolsky, Thomas E Ichim, Daqing Ma, Santosh Kesari, Vladimir Bogin

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Current treatments of panic disorder (PD) are limited by adverse effects, poor efficacy, and need for chronic administration. The established safety profile of subanesthetic concentrations of xenon gas, which is known to act as a glutamate subtype NMDA receptor antagonist, coupled with preclinical studies demonstrating its effects in other anxiety related conditions, prompted us to evaluate its feasibility and efficacy in treatment of patients with PD.

METHODS: An open-label clinical trial of xenon-oxygen mixture was conducted in 81 patients with PD; group 1 consisting of patients only with PD (N = 42); and group 2 patients with PD and …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Ethyl Glucuronide-Based Contingency Management For Outpatients With Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorders And Serious Mental Illness., Michael G Mcdonell, Emily Leickly, Sterling Mcpherson, Jordan Skalisky, Debra Srebnik, Frank Angelo, Roger Vilardaga, Jenny R Nepom, John M Roll, Richard K Ries

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined whether a contingency management intervention using the ethyl glucuronide (EtG) alcohol biomarker resulted in increased alcohol abstinence in outpatients with co-occurring serious mental illnesses. Secondary objectives were to determine whether contingency management was associated with changes in heavy drinking, treatment attendance, drug use, cigarette smoking, psychiatric symptoms, and HIV-risk behavior.

METHOD: Seventy-nine (37% female, 44% nonwhite) outpatients with serious mental illness and alcohol dependence receiving treatment as usual completed a 4-week observation period and were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of contingency management for EtG-negative urine samples and addiction treatment attendance, or reinforcement only for study …

Substance Use And Treatment Outcomes Among Spanish-Speaking Latino/As From Four Acculturation Types., Kelly Serafini, Dennis C Wendt, India J Ornelas, Suzanne R Doyle, Dennis M Donovan

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The purpose of this study was to examine the association of acculturation with substance use treatment outcomes in a sample of treatment-seeking Latino/as (N = 405). The study used data from a multisite randomized controlled trial of a culturally adapted version of Motivational Enhancement Therapy delivered in Spanish. Berry, Kim, Minde, and Mok's (1987) acculturation model was used to divide the sample into 4 types (integrated, assimilated, separated, marginalized), based on Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire scores. One-way analyses of variance, chi-squared tests, and repeated-measures regression were used to examine baseline acculturation, posttreatment outcomes, and follow-up outcomes. All participants were of Latino/a …

Does Mental Status Impact Therapist And Patient Communication In Emergency Department Brief Interventions Addressing Alcohol Use?, Brian Borsari, Timothy R. Apodaca, Ali Yurasek, Peter M. Monti

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Motivational interviewing (MI) is often incorporated into screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) interventions in critical care settings to address alcohol and other drug use. However, cognitive status has been linked to differential response to MI sessions in emergency department (ED) settings. The current study examined one possible explanation for this differential response: whether higher versus lower mental status impacts patient response to clinician statements during MI sessions conducted in an ED. Participants were 126 patients receiving an MI-based single-session alcohol brief intervention, and 13 therapists who provided treatment. Participants completed a mental status exam (MSE) as part …