Medical Physiology Commons^™

Are We Missing The Target? Are We Aiming Too Low? What Are The Aerobic Exercise Prescriptions And Their Effects On Markers Of Cardiovascular Health And Systemic Inflammation In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Jenna M. Schulz, Trevor B. Birmingham, Hayden F. Atkinson, Emilie Woehrle, Codie A. Primeau, Michael J. Lukacs, Baraa K. Al-Khazraji, Michaela C.M. Khan, Bryn O. Zomar, Robert J. Petrella, Frank Beier, C. Thomas Appleton, J. Kevin Shoemaker, Dianne M. Bryant

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Objectives We systemically reviewed published studies that evaluated aerobic exercise interventions in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) to: (1) report the frequency, intensity, type and time (FITT) of exercise prescriptions and (2) quantify the changes in markers of cardiovascular health and systemic inflammation. Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus; inception to January 2019. Eligibility criteria Randomised clinical trials (RCT), cohort studies, case series. Design We summarised exercise prescriptions for all studies and calculated effect sizes with 95% CIs for between-group (RCTs that compared exercise and …

Inflammation Profiling Of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients., Douglas D Fraser, Gediminas Cepinskas, Marat Slessarev, Claudio Martin, Mark Daley, Michael R Miller, David B O'Gorman, Sean E Gill, Eric K Patterson, Claudia C Dos Santos

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection to which there is no community immunity. Patients admitted to ICUs have high mortality, with only supportive therapies available. Our aim was to profile plasma inflammatory analytes to help understand the host response to coronavirus disease 2019.

Design: Daily blood inflammation profiling with immunoassays.

Setting: Tertiary care ICU and academic laboratory.

Subjects: All patients admitted to the ICU suspected of being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, using standardized hospital screening methodologies, had daily blood samples collected until either testing was confirmed negative on ICU day 3 (coronavirus …

Osteoarthritis, Cerebrovascular Dysfunction And The Common Denominator Of Inflammation: A Narrative Review, B. K. Al-Khazraji, C. T. Appleton, F. Beier, T. B. Birmingham, J. K. Shoemaker

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

© 2018 The Author(s) Objective: Population-based cohort studies suggest an association between osteoarthritis (OA) and cerebrovascular disease, yet the mechanisms underlying vascular comorbidities in OA remain unclear. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the literature examining inflammation in OA with a focus on physiological mechanisms, and whether overlapping mechanisms exist in cerebrovascular dysfunction. Method: A literature search was conducted in PubMed using combinations of search terms: osteoarthritis, cerebrovascular (disease/dysfunction/risk), cardiovascular (disease/dysfunction/risk), aging/ageing, inflammation, inflammatory mediators, cytokine, c-reactive protein, interleukin, advanced glycation end-products, metabolic syndrome, reactive oxidative species, cognitive impairment, (vascular-related) dementia, small cerebral vessel disease, endothelial function, …

Group Ii Innate Lymphoid Cells And Microvascular Dysfunction From Pulmonary Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Exposure, Alaeddin Bashir Abukabda, Carroll Rolland Mcbride, Thomas Paul Batchelor, William Travis Goldsmith, Elizabeth Compton Bowdridge, Krista Lee Garner, Sherri Friend, Timothy Robert Nurkiewicz

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: The cardiovascular effects of pulmonary exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are poorly understood, and the reproductive consequences are even less understood. Inflammation remains the most frequently explored mechanism of ENM toxicity. However, the key mediators and steps between lung exposure and uterine health remain to be fully defined. The purpose of this study was to determine the uterine inflammatory and vascular effects of pulmonary exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2). We hypothesized that pulmonary nano-TiO2 exposure initiates a Th2 inflammatory response mediated by Group II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), which may be associated with an impairment in uterine microvascular …