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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
Asthma Pathophysiology, Tyler Wolpert
Asthma Pathophysiology, Tyler Wolpert
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster will examine the pathophysiology of Asthma, explore signs and symptoms of the disease, and review different treatment modalities. The Doctorate of Nursing (DNP) prepared nurse should be able to identify signs and symptoms of the disease and be prepared to manage the disease from a medical standpoint, as well as with behavior modification. The economic burden of asthma on healthcare yearly is over $82 billion. It is pertinent that continued research is done in the field of asthma to reduce the economic impacts of the disease, as well as to help improve patient outcomes on people living with …
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegner’S) : Often Mistaken For Tuberculosis, Dawn Palumbo
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegner’S) : Often Mistaken For Tuberculosis, Dawn Palumbo
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The exact cause of GPA has yet to be identified. Dinić et al. (2013) defines GPA/WG as “anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)- associated systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology” (p. 887). According to Alam, Dastider, Ahmed, and Rabbani (2012) both cellular and humoral immunity are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of wegener’s granulomatosis. “ The initial pathologic lesion is granuloma believed to be caused by cellular immune process. The strong association on C-ANCA with this disease suggests the role of humoral immunity” (Alam et al., 2014, p. 98). Huang et al. (2013) suggest, “The main pathological features of limited Wegeners’ …
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion, Stephen Sherer
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion, Stephen Sherer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), otherwise known as vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is an abnormal degree the vocal folds adduct upon inspiration causing airflow narrowing. This restriction can cause severe dyspnea and can be misdiagnosed as asthma. The cause of the abnormality related to PVFM has not been directly recognized, but multiple factors or triggers are associated. It is this lack of clarity and association with asthma, exercise, extubation, stress, and gastric reflux that I take interest in this pathology. I have a personal connection with exercise induced asthma. In addition, my sister in-law was recently diagnosed with VCD who …
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Understanding Has Led To Exciting Treatments, William Metz
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Understanding Has Led To Exciting Treatments, William Metz
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Pulmonary fibrosis can be described as an excessive amounts of fibrous connective lung tissue in the lung. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) is the most common form of interstitial lung disease(ILD). When an obvious cause cannot be determined, a diagnosis of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is made. The mean survival for patients is approximately 3-5 years from time of diagnosis. IPF is found primarily in men over 50 years of age, with a history of cigarette smoking with concurrent environmental and occupational inhalation exposures(Leslie, 2011, p. 592). Pulmonary fibrosis has been identified by early pathologists at the beginning of the last century. During …
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Brian Flowers
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Brian Flowers
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
In healthcare, there are many interesting and intriguing conditions that are vital to understand from both a clinical and a pathophysiological standpoint. Comprehending and knowing how to treat these conditions effectively, ultimately leads to the best care and patient outcomes. As a current critical care nurse and future advanced practice nurse, it was important to select a research topic of interest to explore that would benefit a high risk group of patients. Based on this precedent, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was chosen. As a critical care nurse, exposure to respiratory conditions and mechanical ventilation management is something nurses are …
Enterovirus: What Everyone Should Know, Debra Mccorkle
Enterovirus: What Everyone Should Know, Debra Mccorkle
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Enterovirus is capturing the attention of everyone; but what is it, who is affected by it, and can it be treated and/or prevented? Like any virus the enterovirus has many different strains. The strain capturing everyone’s attention lately is human enterovirus 68 (HEV68). This strain was first detected in California in 1962 (Oberste et al., 2004). Most cases of HEV68 are mild and do not require medical attention, however some can become severe and may cause serious heart or brain infections according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website (Updated September 8, 2014). HEV68 is a respiratory …
Global Burden Of Tuberculosis, Diana Moses
Global Burden Of Tuberculosis, Diana Moses
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern not only in the United States, but in the entire world. TB is an airborne communicable infection which has affected human beings from immemorial times, evidenced by TB being found in the skeletal remains of ancient mummies (Gough & Kaufman, 2011). There are many patho physiological events in TB that concern the entire body, especially the respiratory and immunological systems. According to Knechel, TB prevalence is rising due to the increased number of patients infected with HIV, bacterial resistance to medications, increased international travel and immigration from countries with high prevalence of TB, …
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Jaqueline Yunker
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Jaqueline Yunker
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is an inflammatory response resulting from injury to the alveolar-‐capillary membrane. This injury is caused by a systemic inflammatory response that involves either direct trauma to the lung cells, such as a pneumonia, or indirect, such as sepsis. The inflammatory response that is triggered results in leaky alveolar-‐capillary beds and infiltration of the lungs (Villar, 2011). This is very common with approximately 150,000 cases annually in the United States and a very high mortality rate of 60,000 deaths per year (Pipeling & Fan, 2010). Despite the high mortality rate, 15-‐35%, there is no set of guidelines …
Review Of The Effectiveness Of Tissue Plasminogen Activator For The Treatment Of Plastic Bronchitis In Patients With Fontan Physiology, Ruth Ferroni
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Plastic bronchitis is a condition characterized by the formation of bronchial casts ranging from small to large obstructions of the pulmonary airways. Cast formation is intricate and resembles a plastic, rubbery model of the airway it obstructs. Its form was first described by Galen (A.D. 131-200). One of the patient populations at risk for developing this rare complication are those with single ventricle disease who are surgically corrected to Fontan physiology. It is a very abnormal type of circulation that is suspect in the development of plastic bronchitis. The cellular composition of plastic bronchitis differs from the casts seen in …
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Stacey Rosselot
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Stacey Rosselot
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, irreversible lung disease, characterized by chronic inflammation and fibroproliferation of the parenchymal cells of the lung that lead to chronic respiratory failure and ultimately death (Kotsianidis et al., 2009). IPF is more prevalent in men than in women and risk for disease increases after age 60. IPF is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and it affects over 100,000 persons in the United States alone (Ding et al., 2011). Most of IPF cases are considered to be unpredictable and sporadic in nature, however approximately 15-20% of cases have a family history …