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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
Pathophysiology Of Aortic Stenosis, Melissa Lee
Pathophysiology Of Aortic Stenosis, Melissa Lee
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Pathophysiology of Aortic Stenosis
Melissa J. Lee
Department of Nursing, Otterbein University
NURS 6810: Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse
Dr. Deana Batross & Dr. Shivani Bhatnagar
July 29, 2022
Pathophysiology of Aortic Stenosis
Proper evaluation of co-morbidities is imperative for patient safety and successful outcomes for patients undergoing anesthesia. Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most complex diseases encountered in anesthesia, affecting five percent of older adults and ten percent of the 80-89-year-old-cohort (Joseph et al., 2017). The pathophysiological development of AS is the end result of an inflammatory process caused by endothelial damage from mechanical stress, …
Perioperative Risks Of The Patient With Heart Failure, Gabrielle Metoyer
Perioperative Risks Of The Patient With Heart Failure, Gabrielle Metoyer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Perioperative Risks of the Patient with Heart Failure
Gabrielle Metoyer
Department of Nursing, Otterbein University
NURS 6810 – Advanced Pathophysiology
Dr. Deanna Batross and Dr. Shivani Bhatnagar
August 5, 2022
Abstract
According to the CDC (2020), heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body. Heart failure is an epidemic disease affecting 1-2% of the population worldwide (Schwinger, 2020). It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an estimated 6.5 million adults with heart failure in the United States (Lo et al., 2021). Medical advances …
Asthma Pathophysiology, Tyler Wolpert
Asthma Pathophysiology, Tyler Wolpert
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster will examine the pathophysiology of Asthma, explore signs and symptoms of the disease, and review different treatment modalities. The Doctorate of Nursing (DNP) prepared nurse should be able to identify signs and symptoms of the disease and be prepared to manage the disease from a medical standpoint, as well as with behavior modification. The economic burden of asthma on healthcare yearly is over $82 billion. It is pertinent that continued research is done in the field of asthma to reduce the economic impacts of the disease, as well as to help improve patient outcomes on people living with …
Chikungunya Virus: More Than A Mosquito Bite, Abigail Shaw
Chikungunya Virus: More Than A Mosquito Bite, Abigail Shaw
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Chikungunya fever is a viral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Although seldom fatal, CHIKV causes high fevers, polyarthralgia, and rash. The mosquito-borne virus has spread rapidly in the last ten years, causing over three million cases of CHIKV worldwide (Powers, 2015). The recent outbreak initiated in Africa and the islands of the Indian Ocean in 2004 has quickly spread to Asia, Europe and the Americas (CDC, 2015). According to the CDC (2015), until 2014, cases in the United States had only been linked to foreign travel outside of the Americas. As the outbreak has grown, cases of local …
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura, Ann Oliva
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura, Ann Oliva
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Patients with Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura, or TTP, are often times seen in the emergency department and subsequently admitted to the inpatient or the critical care unit. The problems that TTP patients can present with vary greatly and astute nursing assessment plus knowledge of the pathophysiology behind the diagnosis is vital to deliver excellent nursing care. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura or TTP is a rare but potentially fatal condition that occurs as result of decreased levels of ADAMTS-13, a cleaving protease for von Willebrand factor (vWF), which causes platelet aggregation and microvascular thrombi and subsequent end-organ damage, along with thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, …
Malignant Hyperthermia: A Clinical Crisis, Eric Reing
Malignant Hyperthermia: A Clinical Crisis, Eric Reing
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Malignant hyperthermia, though uncommon, is a serious and life threatening condition. Malignant hyperthermia is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects skeletal muscle. It can be caused by various general anesthetic agents like succinylcholine and several inhaled anesthetics. Malignant hyperthermia is a relevant topic to certified registered nurse anesthetists due to the potentially fatal result if not recognized and treated promptly. In understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, epidemiology, and current treatments the health care provider can help to prevent complications due to this disorder (Nagelhout, 2014).
Preparedness Of Nurses For Malignant Hyperthermia, Melissa Flemming
Preparedness Of Nurses For Malignant Hyperthermia, Melissa Flemming
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially life threatening disorder that occurs following exposure to certain inhaled anesthetics such as halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, enflurane, ether, and methoxyflurane alone or in combination with the depolarizing muscle relaxant, succinylcholine (Seifert,, Wahr, Pace, Cochrane, & Bagnola, 2014, p. 189). Patients experiencing malignant hyperthermia may progress to death if it is not recognized and treated early. Patient outcomes improve the earlier an intervention is given. Malignant hyperthermia is not a common condition and, therefore, nurses are frequently unfamiliar with the common signs, symptoms, and treatments. Malignant hyperthermia can occur in a variety of settings …
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Pathophysicological Dilemma, Samantha Davis
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Pathophysicological Dilemma, Samantha Davis
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare disease occurring from an adverse reaction to anti-psychotic use. The diagnosis and predictability of the disease is extremely difficult as it mimics other syndromes (Margetić & Aukst-Margetić, 2010). The disease onset can occur when initiating medications, escalating doses, or adding an adjunctive anti-psychotic to the regimen. Although causing the unpredictability, the disease can occur at any dose (Paul, Michael, John, & Lenox, 2012). Further increasing the difficulty of diagnostics, signs and symptoms are very wide spread. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders created a tool to assist in the clinical setting; …
Raynaud’S Phenomenon, Sarah Gasper
Raynaud’S Phenomenon, Sarah Gasper
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a widely prevalent clinical disorder commonly seen in outpatient settings. It is characterized by episodic vasospastic attacks of the digital arteries and arterioles that limit blood flow to the extremities, causing severe pain. Temperature changes and stress are the primary triggers that exacerbate this disease. The classic biphasic color changes of RP are pallor, cyanosis, and erythema and commonly affect the fingers and toes and more rarely, the nose, nipples, ears, lips, and penis. RP is divided into subcategories. Primary Raynaud’s phenomenon (PRP) is when no underlying medical disease exists and the condition happens spontaneously. It …
The Mystery Of Transverse Myelitis: Can It Happen To You?, Jessica Castle
The Mystery Of Transverse Myelitis: Can It Happen To You?, Jessica Castle
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Imagine a day like any other, as a healthy performs daily tasks without any particular difficulty. Then, the first fall happens. After standing and recovering, two more falls occur; however, despite all physical effort, standing proves to be a complete impossibility. Imagine the fear. What is going on? This unexplainable scenario happened to an 81 woman diagnosed with idiopathic transverse myelitis (TM) in May 2011, leaving her permanently paralyzed below the mysteriously appearing T9 lesion. This woman had only a personal history of asthma and breast cancer, and nothing significant in her family history. After 60 days of lumbar punctures, …
Craniocervical Arterial Dissection, Joseph Weisenberger
Craniocervical Arterial Dissection, Joseph Weisenberger
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The annual incidence for spontaneous carotid artery dissection (CAD) ranges from 2 to 3/100,000 patients and is even lower for a spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (VAD). Furthermore, there is only a .08% - .04% chance for the incidence of a traumatic dissection (TD), of the entire trauma population (Mortazvi, Verma, Tubbs, Harrigan, 2011). However, despite these low levels, CAD/VADs pose a serious threat to a patient’s plan of care if not identified and treated early.
Pathophysiology Of Migraine, Tina Capers
Pathophysiology Of Migraine, Tina Capers
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Migraine is a primary headache disorder and is ranked 19th among all diseases world-wide that cause disability (International Headache Society, 2013). There are more than 37 million Americans who experience migraine. Migraine is most commonly experienced by individuals between the ages of 15 and 55 and 70% to 80% of migraineurs have a family history of migraine (National Headache Foundation, 2014). Migraine is the most common headache disorder for which patients obtain medical care (Minen, Tanev, & Friedman, 2014, p. 1131). Estimated migraine healthcare costs in the United States are $19.6 billion annually (Da Silva & Tepper, 2012, p. 824). …
Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, And Clinical Treatment Of A Patient With A Pheochromocytoma, Tricia L. Hale
Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, And Clinical Treatment Of A Patient With A Pheochromocytoma, Tricia L. Hale
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Hypertension is an extremely common diagnosis today. This condition can be caused by a multitude of factors, and can inversely cause numerous unfavorable processes in the body. One rare but significant source of hypertension is a tumor known as a pheochromocytoma, or PCC. This usually benign tumor is most often located on an adrenal gland, and can have a grave impact on the cardiovascular system. The tumor intermittently secretes an excess of the catecholamine norepinephrine, and if large enough, also secretes epinephrine [9]. These episodic bursts can cause extreme hypertension and tachycardia, leading to, at times fatal results. By understanding …