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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
A Novel Mechanism Of Enhanced Susceptibility To Bacterial Pneumonia In Influenza-Infected Hosts, Hazem Elsayed Ghoneim
A Novel Mechanism Of Enhanced Susceptibility To Bacterial Pneumonia In Influenza-Infected Hosts, Hazem Elsayed Ghoneim
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Viruses such as influenza suppress host immune function by a variety of methods. This may result in a significant morbidity through several pathways, including facilitation of secondary bacterial pneumonia from pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Lungresident alveolar macrophages (AMs) act as the first line of innate cellular immunity against respiratory bacterial pathogens, including pneumococcus. Therefore, they represent an attractive target for study Before investigating the impact of influenza infection on resident AMs, we first characterized different subsets of lung-resident macrophages in naïve mice using a novel in vivo labeling approach in conjunction with multicolor flow cytometric analysis and confocal microscopic …
Erg11-Mediated Azole Resistance In Candida Albicans, Stephanie Ann Flowers
Erg11-Mediated Azole Resistance In Candida Albicans, Stephanie Ann Flowers
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Although many medically important Candida species are commensal to the gut or colonizers of the skin, these organisms have the propensity to cause disease in the event of a waning immune system. Clinical manifestations of infections with Candida species can range from superficial mucosal infections to deep organ involvement usually resulting from haematogenous spread of infection. Despite significant progress made in the management of patients with fungal infections, the emergence of antifungal resistant clinical isolates creates significant problem in regards to antifungal prophylaxis and empirical treatment strategies. Antifungal resistance is associated with high mortality rates and hefty medical costs. The …
Toll-Like Receptors 2 And 9 Are Important For Innate Immune Cell Activation And Recruitment In Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Kelly J. Andrews
Toll-Like Receptors 2 And 9 Are Important For Innate Immune Cell Activation And Recruitment In Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Kelly J. Andrews
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of environmental antigens. The disease is characterized by alveolitis and granuloma formation; however, some patients develop chronic HP (CHP), a restrictive lung disease characterized by fibrosis. Previous studies revealed that neutrophils are recruited into the lung via a MyD88- dependent pathway and regulate disease severity through cytokine production. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 9 recognize conserved molecular patterns present in bacteria, and signal through the adaptor molecule MyD88. The goal of my project is to investigate the role of TLRs 2 and 9 in the pathogenesis of HP …
Nkg2d Ligands In Cancer, Neha Das Gupta
Nkg2d Ligands In Cancer, Neha Das Gupta
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
NK cell transplantation has been increasingly used to treat cancers that are resistant to chemotherapy. However, not all cancers are susceptible to NK cell killing. The prevalence and mechanisms of NK cell resistance have not been well elucidated. Because NKG2D is a major activating receptor on NK cells, we sought to test the hypothesis that NKG2D is the primary pathway in tumor cell recognition. Herein, we comprehensively assessed 20 cancer cell lines representing a broad array of cancer types. In line with our primary hypothesis, no cancer cell lines that expressed low levels of NKG2D ligands were susceptible to NK …
Virologic Factors Contributing To The Genetic Diversification Of Influenza Viruses Circulating In North American Swine, Thomas Paul Fabrizio Ii
Virologic Factors Contributing To The Genetic Diversification Of Influenza Viruses Circulating In North American Swine, Thomas Paul Fabrizio Ii
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to determine mechanisms of reassortment of swine influenza viruses and determine if certain reassortant gene combinations can drive evolution and host adaptation in the context of the triple reassortant internal gene (TRIG) cassette. The TRIG contains a unique combination of a human polymerase basic 1 (PB1) gene with avian polymerase basic 2 (PB2) and polymerase acidic (PA) genes. The remaining internal genes, nucleoprotein (NP), matrix (M), and non-structural (NS) are of swine origin. This differs considerably from classical swine lineage viruses which are drifted variants of the 1918 pandemic with all swine origin genes. …