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Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
A Dielectric Rod Antenna For Picosecond Pulse Stimulation Of Neurological Tissue, Ross A. Petrella, Karl H. Schoenbach, Shu Xiao
A Dielectric Rod Antenna For Picosecond Pulse Stimulation Of Neurological Tissue, Ross A. Petrella, Karl H. Schoenbach, Shu Xiao
Bioelectrics Publications
A dielectrically loaded wideband rod antenna has been studied as a pulse delivery system to subcutaneous tissues. Simulation results applying 100-ps electrical pulse show that it allows us to generate a critical electric field for biological effects, such as brain stimulation, in the range of several centimeters. In order to reach the critical electric field for biological effects, which is similar to 20 kV/cm, at a depth of 2 cm, the input voltage needs to be 175 kV. The electric field spot size in the brain at this position is similar to 1 cm(2). Experimental studies in free space with …
Gadolinium Modifies The Cell Membrane To Inhibit Permeabilization By Nanosecond Electric Pulses, Elena C. Gianulis, Andrei G. Pakhomov
Gadolinium Modifies The Cell Membrane To Inhibit Permeabilization By Nanosecond Electric Pulses, Elena C. Gianulis, Andrei G. Pakhomov
Bioelectrics Publications
Lanthanide ions are the only known blockers of permeabilization by electric pulses of nanosecond duration (nsEP), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We employed timed applications of Gd3+ before or after nsEP (600-ns, 20 kV/cm) to investigate the mechanism of inhibition, and measured the uptake of the membrane-impermeable YO-PRO-1 (YP) and propidium (Pr) dyes. Gd3+ inhibited dye uptake in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition of Pr uptake was always about 2-fold stronger. Gd3+ was effective when added after nsEP, as well as when it was present during nsEP exposure and removed afterward. Pores formed by nsEP in …