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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
The Role Of Il-22 Produced By Th17 Cells In Type 1 Diabetes, Stacey M. Bellemore
The Role Of Il-22 Produced By Th17 Cells In Type 1 Diabetes, Stacey M. Bellemore
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is produced by T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Th17 cells have been shown to be pathogenic in autoimmune diseases, however their role in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains controversial. We have shown that Th17-differentiation of naïve T cells can be driven by IL-23 + IL-6 to produce large amounts of IL-22 and induce T1D. Conversely, polarizing T cells using TGF-β + IL-6 led to nonpathogenic Th17 cells that produced lower IL-22 levels. We have shown that neutralizing IFN-γ during polarization leads to a drastic increase in IL-22. We have also found IL-22-producing cells in the pancreas of diabetic …
Vascular Stem Cells In Diabetic Complications, Emily C. Keats
Vascular Stem Cells In Diabetic Complications, Emily C. Keats
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Diabetes leads to a variety of secondary complications. At the heart of these complications lies endothelial cells (ECs) – cells that take up unregulated plasma glucose, experience various biochemical alterations, and provide the basis for whole organ vascular dysfunctions. With the purpose of generating new vascular networks for the treatment of these chronic complications, my initial work focused on vascular stem cells (VSCs). VSCs have the ability to differentiate into both endothelial (EPC) and mesenchymal (MPC) progenitor cells, both of which are necessary for the creation of stable and functional blood vessels. To establish whether these progenitor populations retain their …
Genetic Approaches To Studying Complex Human Disease, Joseph B. Dube
Genetic Approaches To Studying Complex Human Disease, Joseph B. Dube
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Common, complex diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) represent an intricate interaction between environmental and genetic factors and now account for the leading causes of mortality in western society. By investigating the genetic component of complex disease etiology, we have gained a better understanding of the biological pathways underlying complex disease and the heterogeneity of complex disease risk. However, the development of high throughput genomic technologies and large well-phenotyped multi-ethnic cohorts has opened the door towards more in-depth and trans-disciplinary approaches to studying the genetics of complex disease pathogenesis. Accordingly, we sought to investigate select complex traits and diseases using …
Characterizing Stomatin-Like Protein 2 And Its Role In Neuron Survival, Lisa A. Foris
Characterizing Stomatin-Like Protein 2 And Its Role In Neuron Survival, Lisa A. Foris
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Stomatin-like Protein 2 (SLP-2) has been identified as a stress-inducible transcript and has been shown to interact with and stabilize mitochondrial proteins. Since mitochondria are critical for neuronal function, we hypothesized that SLP-2 regulates neuron survival in response to stressful stimuli. A conditional SLP-2 knockout mouse (deletion) and the SN56 cell line (upregulation) were employed to study the role of SLP-2 in mitochondrial dynamics and neuron survival. SLP-2 deficient primary cortical neurons displayed significantly decreased levels of various mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins, indicating SLP-2 contributes to maintenance of mitochondrial membrane integrity. SLP-2 was up-regulated in response to oxidative stress and …
Systematic Assessment Of The Contribution Of Superantigens To Nasopharyngeal Colonization In A Mouse Model Of Streptococcal Infection, Katherine J. Kasper
Systematic Assessment Of The Contribution Of Superantigens To Nasopharyngeal Colonization In A Mouse Model Of Streptococcal Infection, Katherine J. Kasper
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Streptococcus pyogenes is adapted for persistence in humans. It typically colonizes the tonsils and skin, and humans are the only known reservoir. S. pyogenes can cause a wide range of mild to serious infections. Most streptococci-related deaths are due to complications of rheumatic fever and invasive infections. S. pyogenes produces virulence factors that contribute to the pathogen’s ability to colonize and cause disease, including streptococcal superantigens (SAgs), also known as streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (Spes). SAgs function by cross-linking T cells and antigen presenting cells (APC) which may cause a massive inflammatory response, and as such have been found to contribute …