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Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Ppar-Gamma In Surgical Brain Injury (Sbi), Amy Hyong
Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Ppar-Gamma In Surgical Brain Injury (Sbi), Amy Hyong
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Introduction: Brain injury can be caused by neurosurgical procedures themselves, due to direct trauma, retractor stretch, intraoperative hemorrhage and electrocautery damage. As a result of this surgical brain injury (SBI) postoperative complications such as inflammation, brain edema, and cell death can occur in the susceptible brain areas. Cerebral inflammation is a known contributor to the pathophysiology of brain injury. Following brain injury, the release of inflammatory mediators facilitates the development of BBB breakdown, cerebral edema, oxidative stress and neuronal death, resulting in further tissue damage in the brain and poor neurological outcomes. This study evaluates whether the use of a …
Radiation-Induced Glutamate Transport Alterations In Neuron-Astrocyte Coupling, Martha Celia Sanchez
Radiation-Induced Glutamate Transport Alterations In Neuron-Astrocyte Coupling, Martha Celia Sanchez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Exposure of the central nervous system (CNS) to ionizing radiation is known to result in behavioral, cognitive, and motor deficits - effects similar to those seen in many neurodegenerative disorders. Neurons and astrocytes, two principal cell types in the brain, coexist as an interdependent metabolic unit via the neurotransmitter glutamate. Disruption of this metabolic coupling would have widespread effects within the CNS, therefore it is hypothesized that ionizing radiation impairs glutamate transport and metabolism, and increases oxidative stress, ultimately impairing neuron-astrocyte coupling. We propose to investigate the mechanism and determine the impetus for radiation-induced neurotoxicity by measuring the temporal sequence …
Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species Peroxynitrite In Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury, Yiqin Xiong
Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species Peroxynitrite In Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury, Yiqin Xiong
University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations
Peroxynitrite (PN, ONOO-), formed by nitric oxide radical (•NO) and superoxide radical (O2•-), plays an important role in post-traumatic oxidative damage. In the early work, we determined the temporal characteristics of PN-derived oxidative damage in a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model. Our results showed 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), a specific marker for PN, rapidly accumulated at early time points (1 hr, 3 hrs), after when it plateaued and the high level was sustained to 1 week post injury. The co-localization of 3-NT and lipid peroxidation derived-4-HNE observed in immunohistochemistry indicates PN is involved in lipid peroxidative as …