Medical Humanities Commons^™

Underlying Purinergic Signaling Important For Monociliumdependent Signaling In Ductal Epithelia: Implications For Polycystic Kidney Disease, Michael Hovater

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis concerns purinergic signaling in renal epithelial cells of normal and polycystic kidneys. The first section discusses first principles of “purinergic signaling” as they relate to the nephron and the urinary bladder. Remodeled and encapsulated cysts in autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) and remodeled “pseudocysts” in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) of the renal collecting duct create an ideal microenvironment for purinergic signaling. Once “trapped” in these microenvironments in a “closed system,” purinergic signaling becomes chronic and plays a significant epigenetic and detrimental role in the progression of ADPKD in particular, once the remodeling of the renal tissue has …

The Influence Of Retroviral Codon Usage On The Acquisition Of The Trna Used To Prime Reverse Transcription, Matthew T. Palmer

All ETDs from UAB

An essential step in retrovirus replication is the conversion of the genomic-length viral RNA into a DNA copy, a reaction which is catalyzed by reverse transcriptase and primed by a host cell tRNA. The nearly continuous association of tRNA with the various components of translation, as well as the severely limited time in which a tRNA molecule spends in an uncharged state, constitute seemingly formidable barriers to the acquisition and use of host cell tRNA as primers. The mechanism by which retroviruses acquire this implausible primer are unknown. Naturally occurring isolates of most retrovirus species show a conserved use of …

Intestinal Peptides And Ethnic Differences In Insulin Secretion, Paul B. Higgins

All ETDs from UAB

African Americans (AA) exhibit greater insulin responses following either an oral or intravenous glucose challenge relative to their European American (EA) counterparts. The etiology of this difference is not fully understood nor has it been confirmed with a more physiologically relevant mixed meal. Insulin secretion is regulated by a variety of factors. Significant among these are the enteric peptides glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). The role of the incretin system in the ethnic differences in post challenge insulinemia has received little attention. Hence, the purpose of the study was two-fold. First, determine whether AA have higher fasting …

A Survey Assessment Of Veterinarians To Determine The Level Of Preparedness For An Infectious Disease Outbreak, Tamara Crutchley Bushell

All ETDs from UAB

Safeguarding animal health is of paramount importance to the US economy, public health and food safety. One of the most important causes of contamination in food products and of food-borne disease in humans is microorganisms that reside in the intestines of animals, such as Salmonella species and Escherichia coli O157:H7. A fundamental knowledge of the epidemiology of diseases, including an understanding of the agents and hosts, is a critical component of early (front-line) detection and prevention of contamination by microorganisms. Front-line detection is provided by animal handlers and personnel working with animals on a day-to-day basis, such as veterinarians. Currently …

Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (Mlva) For Clonal Characterization Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Strains, Matthew Box

All ETDs from UAB

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have been observed to be associated with community based individuals (CA-MRSA) and hospitalized patients (HA-MRSA). The CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA are no longer distinguishable based on the location of patient when the isolate was first obtained from the patient. These strains are now observed both in the hospital and community settings. While the origin of the isolate does not appear to be critical, it is important to genetically define these isolates to assist in epidemiological investigations and evaluation of infection control measures effectiveness. The conventional method for analyzing this genetic information has been pulsed-field gel …

Effectiveness Of School -Based Physical Therapy As Perceived By Parents, Private Physical Therapists, And School Physical Therapists., Jill Hansen

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

Questionnaires Based On Social Cognitive Theory Constructs Do Not Predict Exercise Adherence In Older Adults After Discharge From Home Health Physical Therapy., Jason Hardage

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

Osler And The Infected Letter, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

The spread of infectious agents through the mail has concerned public health officials for 5 centuries. The dissemination of anthrax spores in the US mail in 2001 was a recent example. In 1901, two medical journals reported outbreaks of smallpox presumably introduced by letters contaminated with variola viruses. The stability and infectivity of the smallpox virus are reviewed from both a historical (anecdotal) perspective and modern virologic studies. Bubonic plague was the contagious disease that led to quarantines as early as the 14th century in port cities in southern Europe. Later, smallpox, cholera, typhus, and yellow fever were recognized as …

A Short History Of Medical Dictionaries, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Secret Kappa Lambda Society Of Hippocrates (And The Origin Of The American Medical Association's Principles Of Medical Ethics), Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

This paper relates the neglected history of an idealistic, secret medical fraternity which existed briefly in Lexington, Kentucky, during the first half of the 19th century. It was created for students in the Medical Department at Transylvania University, the fifth US medical school, founded in 1799. One goal of the fraternity was to counter the widespread dissension and often violent quarrels among doctors that characterized American medicine of that period. And to that end, it was among the first to promote Thomas Percival's code of medical ethics in this country. Branches of the fraternity were established in Philadelphia and New …

Felix Platter: A Sixteenth-Century Medical Student, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Managed Care: The Impact On The Physician / Patient Relationship, Robert H. Adams Jr.

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Research On Faith And Health: New Appoaches To Old Questions, Thomas G. Plante, Allen C. Sherman

Psychology

Does religious faith influence health? Are religious practices associated with altered risks for morbidity or mortality? Do religious or spiritual individuals tend to enjoy better well-being or mental health across the lifespan? Does spiritual or religious involvement change the way individuals adapt to the demands of chronic illness? This volume brings together some of the leading investigators who have explored these intriguing questions. Though research is in its early phases, the chapters that follow review some of what we have learned and begin to trace the outlines of the many mysteries that remain.

Religious Faith And Mental Health Outcomes, Thomas G. Plante, Naveen K. Sharma

Psychology

In this chapter we review recent research regarding the relationship between religious faith/spirituality and mental health outcomes, as well as provide directions for future research and discussion. The specific aspects of mental health and illness that we focus on include well-being, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and schizophrenia. We also briefly discuss research pertaining to religious faith and personality disorders, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, and bipolar disorder.

"Famous Persons" In Medline: Examination Of A Medical Subject Heading, Brenda R. Pfannenstiel Mals, Ma, Ahip

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The "famous persons" Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) provides a unique perspective on the medical literature indexed in the Medline database. 3,745 Medline citations indexed with the term "famous persons" from 1966 through 1994 were examined. Discussions of possible diagnoses of creative artists, royalty, political leaders, and even fictional characters were a frequent preoccupation, as were assassinations. Publication dates of articles concerning a particular famous person are often clustered around an anniversary of the person's birth or death. A few famous persons account for a disproportionate number of citations.

Many Voices: Medical Anthropologists Explore The Meaning Of Health, Illness, And Cure, Michael Hass

Education Faculty Articles and Research

Lindenbaum, Shirley and Margaret Lock, eds. Knowledge, Power and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine in Everyday Life. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. xvii + 242 pp. including notes, references, and indices. $50.00 cloth, $15.00 paper.

Etkin, Nina L. and Michael L. Tan, eds. Medicines: Meanings and Contexts. Quezon city, Philippines and Amsterdam: Health Action Information Network and the University of Amsterdam, 1994. v + 305 pp. $15.00 paper.

Good, Byron J. Medicine, Rationality, and Experience: an Anthropological Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. $54.95 Cloth, $17.95 paper.

A Review Of David H. Smith, "Entrusted: The Moral Responsibilities Of Trusteeship", Mike W. Martin

Philosophy Faculty Articles and Research

Entrusted provides a much needed contribution to the literature on ethics in the healthcare arena.

Learning How To Heal: An Analysis Of The History, Policy, And Framework Of Indian Health Care, Betty Pfefferbaum, Rennard J. Strickland, Everett R. Rhoades, Rose L. Pfefferbaum

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Abuse, Neglect And Exploitation In Licensed Facilities - Recognize It - Prevent It - Report It, Maine Department Of Human Services

Maine Collection

Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation In Licensed Facilities - Recognize It - Prevent It - Report It.

Maine Department of Human Services - Bureau of Elder and Adult Services, Augusta, Maine (August 1993).

Contents: Introduction / Signs of Abuse and Neglect / Abuse: Risk Factors / Prevention / Maine's Reporting Law / Investigations of Reports of Abuse, Neglect or Exploitation / Where to Report / Other Relevant Agencies

Paul Alan Cox's Review Of Janice Reid's Sorcerers And Healing Spirits: Continuity And Change In An Aboriginal Healing System, Paul Alan Cox

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Habitat, The New United Nations Initiative In Human Settlements, Norman Miller, James F. Hornig

Dartmouth Scholarship

Habitat, the synonym for the United Nations Center for Human Settlements, is a new UN agency with a staggering mandate. Its charge is to assist developing nations in settlement policy and planning, in slum upgrading, urban renewal, and in the development of shelter materials. The upgrading of infrastructural services, such as those involving finance, loans, building codes, and regulatory laws, are a part of the mandate, as are such basic elements as clean water, electricity, and sewage removal. Still further, the agency, which is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, is charged with helping generate rational land-use policies, gaining public participation, and …

China's Revolution In Health, Norman Miller, James C. Strickler

Dartmouth Scholarship

China today is in the midst of a peaceful revolution that is dramatically changing the very nature of that vast country. Since the death of Chairman Mao and the political demise of the *Gang of Four," there has occurred a major re-emphasis on change and Western technology. To achieve their political goals the new regime, under Chairman Hua Kwo-Fenj, has emphasized "four modernizations": science, industry, national defense, and agriculture. Health and medicine are seen as a part of the scientific arena. The planned changes in this sector will plunge China into a Western form of technology that will certainly have …

Attitudes Toward Non-Scientific Medicine In Southern Appalachia, John Dec

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This thesis will focus on what Mechanic terms "cultural and social aspects of medical care"; more specifically, it is the layman's evaluation of medical practitioners and practices. Medical practices are defined as the behavior directed toward maintenance or improvement of health while medical orientation designates the cognitive and affective attitudes toward health care.

Barriers To Attainment Of Health Care In West Central Maine : A Critique By The Poor, Health Facilities Planning Council

Maine Collection

Barriers to Attainment of Health Care in West Central Maine : A Critique by the Poor

"Conducted by the Health Facilities Planning Council, 11 Parkwood Drive, Augusta, Maine under contract to Maine Department of Health and Welfare, June, 1969."

Contents: Foreword / Table of Contents / Introduction / Map / Franklin County / Housing / Dental Rot / Franklin County Memorial Hospital / Family Planning / RN's / State Public Health Nurses / Unmet Health Needs / The Last Outpost / Home Visit in Farmington Falls / Home Visit in Industry / Home Visit in Rangeley Area / Conversations on …

Health Conditions In Southwest Texas, Arthur E. Spohn

Gulf Coast Line Magazine

Discusses the region's landscape, water sources, climate, diseases, and typical health conditions of people living in the region. Includes image of Mexican laborers clearing chapparal. Photo by Wheelus.

Charles Carroll Of Carrollton Writes About Flour Prices, His Daughter And Her Illness, And The Weather, 1829, Charles Carroll

Broadus R. Littlejohn, Jr. Manuscript and Ephemera Collection

Charles Carroll of Carrollton was a wealthy Maryland planter and an early advocate of independence from Great Britain. He was a continental Congress delegate and a US Senator for Maryland. He was the last signer of the Declaration of Independence to die. This letter was written 3 years before his death at age 95. The Mrs. Harper he writes about it most likely his daughter, the widow of Robert Goodloe Harper.