Medical Education Commons^™

Analogical Reasoning: A Process For Fostering Learning Transfer From The Classroom To Clinical Practice, Timothy E. Speicher, Marijke Kehrhahn

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

In 2001, the Institute of Medicine (IOM), a committee of physicians and health policy experts charged to improve the health of the United States by the National Academy of Science, identified a gap in the area of education of health care practitioners as one of the reasons for medical error. However, one of the most common instructional methods in medical education to promote transfer and problem solving is examination of a single patient case (Shine, 2002), a pedagogical practice shown to be ineffective (Gentner, Loewenstein & Thompson, 2003; Norman et al., 2007). Therefore, adult learners in health care may be …

Tailoring Messages To Individual Differences In Monitoring- Blunting Styles To Increase Fruit And Vegetable Intake, Pamela Williams-Piehota, Amy E. Latimer, Nicole A. Katulak, Ashley Cox, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera, Linda Mowad, Peter Salovey

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Objective

To examine whether messages matched to individuals' monitoring-blunting coping styles (MBCS) are more effective in increasing fruit and vegetable intake than mismatched messages. MBCS refers to the tendency to either attend to and amplify, or distract oneself from and minimize threatening information.

Design/Setting

Randomly assigned messages were tailored to resonate with either monitors or blunters and delivered at baseline, 1 week, 2 months, and 3 months later. Surveys were conducted at baseline and 2 and 4 months later.

Participants

531 callers to a cancer information hotline who did not meet the 5 A Day guideline.

Intervention

A brief telephone-delivered …

Personality Scale Validities Increase Throughout Medical School, Filip Lievens, Deniz S. Ones, Stephan Dilchert

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Admissions and personnel decisions rely on stable predictor-criterion relationships. The authors studied the validity of Big Five personality factors and their facets for predicting academic performance in medical school across multiple years, investigating whether criterion-related validities change over time. In this longitudinal investigation, an entire European country's 1997 cohort of medical students was studied throughout their medical school career (Year 1, N = 627; Year 7, N = 306). Over time, extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness factor and facet scale scores showed increases in operational validity for predicting grade point averages. Although there may not be any advantages to being open …

The Health Sciences Librarian In Medical Education: A Vital Pathways Task Force, Paul M. Blobaum

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Objectives: The Medical Education Task Force of the Task Force on Vital Pathways for Hospital Librarians reviewed current and future roles of health sciences librarians in medical education at the graduate and undergraduate levels and worked with national organizations to integrate library services, education, and staff into the requirements for training medical students and residents. Methods: Standards for medical education accreditation programs were studied, and a literature search was conducted on the topic of the role of the health sciences librarian in medical education. Results: Expectations for library and information services in current standards were documented, and a draft standard …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 3, Fall 2009

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 3, Fall 2009 Dean’s Message, page 2 Findings--Researchers Counter Allergy to Plavix with Steroids and Antihistamines, page 4 Why in the World Would You Go into Medicine Today?, page 6 Philadelphia 1918: The Flu Pandemic Hits Home, page 14 New Movie Underscores Healthcare Conflicts, page 20 Faculty Profile: Vincenzo Berghella, MD ’90, page 22 On Campus, page 24 Class Notes, page 28 Looking at Scholarships from Both Sides, page 36 Alumni Giving, page 38 In Memoriam, page 50 By the Numbers, page 53

The Effect Of Early Contextual Learning On Student Physical Therapists’ Self-Perceived Level Of Clinical Preparedness, Kevin E. Brueilly, T. Kirk Nelson, Tamara Gravano, Penny G. Kroll

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Context: Students in health care often describe their feelings of self-inadequacy in clinical skills and report these feelings abate with experience.

Objective: To determine whether early contextual learning experiences can improve entry-level student physical therapists’ self-perceived level of clinical preparedness.

Design: A pair-wise comparison of pre vs. post intervention. Survey of students self-perceived level of clinical preparedness before and after a series of three planned small group contextual learning experiences involving the assessment of actual hospital patients.

Setting: Academic institution and associated medical center

Participants: Thirty-nine first-year student cohort in the 10th month of a 36-month entry-level Doctor of Physical …

Innovations In Instruction: Use Of Blogs & Clickers To Solicit Real-Time Responses, Laura E. Abate, Alexandra Gomes, Anne Linton

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

Seeking to enhance student interactivity and provide real-time feedback in the area of medical informatics, the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library developed a series of interactive blogs and clickers. This poster presents the methods and results of using blogs and clickers to increase students' interest in the field of medical informatics.

A Randomised-Controlled Trial Of Two Educational Modes For Undergraduate Evidence-Based Medicine Learning In Asia, Janice M. Johnston, Mary Schooling, Gabriel M. Leung

Publications and Research

Background
As the overall evidence for the effectiveness of teaching of evidence based medicine (EBM) is not strong, and the impact of cultural and societal influences on teaching method is poorly understood, we undertook a randomised-controlled trial to test the effectiveness and learning satisfaction with two different EBM teaching methods (usual teaching vs. problem based learning (PBL)) for undergraduate medical students.

Methods
A mixed methods study that included a randomised-controlled crossover trial with two intervention arms (usual teaching and PBL) and a nested qualitative study with focus groups to explore student perceptions of learning and to assess the effectiveness and …

The Devil Is In The Third Year: A Longitudinal Study Of Erosion Of Empathy In Medical School., Mohammadreza Hojat, Michael J. Vergare, Kaye Maxwell, George Brainard, Steven K. Herrine, Gerald A. Isenberg, John Veloski, Joseph S. Gonnella

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: This longitudinal study was designed to examine changes in medical students' empathy during medical school and to determine when the most significant changes occur.

METHOD: Four hundred fifty-six students who entered Jefferson Medical College in 2002 (n = 227) and 2004 (n = 229) completed the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy at five different times: at entry into medical school on orientation day and subsequently at the end of each academic year. Statistical analyses were performed for the entire cohort, as well as for the "matched" cohort (participants who identified themselves at all five test administrations) and the "unmatched" …

Modulations Of Cell Cycle Checkpoints During Hcv Associated Disease, Anwar Ali Siddiqui, Saira Sarfraz, Wasim Jafri, Saeed Hamid, Syed Ali

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background

Impaired proliferation of hepatocytes has been reported in chronic Hepatitis C virus infection. Considering the fundamental role played by cell cycle proteins in controlling cell proliferation, altered regulation of these proteins could significantly contribute to HCV disease progression and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to identify the alterations in cell cycle genes expression with respect to early and advanced disease of chronic HCV infection.

Methods

Using freshly frozen liver biopsies, mRNA levels of 84 cell cycle genes in pooled RNA samples from patients with early or advanced fibrosis of chronic HCV infection were studied. To associate mRNA …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 2, Summer 2009

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 2, Summer 2009

Dean’s Message, page 2

Findings, Biomaker Predicts Disease Recurrence in Colorectal Cancer, page 4

Service Lines: Guiding Patients Through the Maze, page 6

University’s Emphasis on Interdisciplinary Care Fuels Growth, page 12

Mütter Turns 150 with New Take on the Old, page 16

On Campus, page 18

Graduation 2009, page 22

Class Notes, page 24

In Memoriam, page 30

By The Numbers, page 33

Ace-I Induced Angioedema: A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Philip Adebayo, Olutayo Christopher Alebiosu

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Although rare, angioedema has been documented to occur following the administration of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are the leading cause of drug induced angioedema. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors induced angioedema is a class effect that can affect between 0.1% and 0.5% of patients taking the drug. It is rarely documented in Nigeria. Lisinopril is a commonly prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors-I which is considered to be generally safe and well tolerated. We report a case of angioedema following the use of lisinopril.

Detecting, Preventing, And Treating Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Adolescent Arrestees: An Unmet Public Health Need, Christopher Salvatore, Steven Belenko, Richard Dembo, Matthew Rollie, Kristina Childs

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Studies of detained and incarcerated adolescent offenders in the United States indicate that these juveniles have an elevated risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). However, many more arrestees enter the “front end” of the juvenile justice system that is detained or incarcerated, and research into the STD risk profiles and service needs of this larger group is lacking. An expansion of STD testing (including of asymptomatic youths), prevention, and treatment is needed, as is improved knowledge about gender- and race-specific services. A pilot program in Florida has shown that juvenile justice and public health systems can collaborate to implement STD …

Direct To Consumer Drug Advertisements: A Dangerous Game Of Pitching Products To Parents, Lynne Graziano

Annual Conference Presentations, Papers, and Posters

The annual budget for drug advertising in the United States exceeds that for all undergraduate and postgraduate medical education and comes close to the entire budget of the National Institutes of Health. In 2008 drug advertisers spent $4.7 billion, down from a record $4.8 billion in 2006, but up from $2.6 billion in 2002. Since the relaxation of full disclosure rules for television advertising, the amount spent on direct-to-consumer advertisements (DTCA) has soared, leading to increased sales of certain pharmaceuticals, as advertisements are placed in magazines, newspapers, internet websites and on television. These prescription-drug ads prompt nearly one-third of Americans …

Program “Miracle Grow”: Program Staff And Evaluators Joining Forces To Power-Up Program Potential, Lisa D. Lieberman

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Like all living things, health education programs grow, change, and mature. If left unattended, however, they can fade, fail, or fall apart. Evaluation can strengthen a program, particularly when it is rooted in a strong relationship among experienced, knowledgeable, and motivated teams of planners, implementers, clients, and evaluators. Evaluation can be the key to helping your program realize its full potential and, even, if threatened, flourish. When program and evaluation staff work together on pilot/demonstration projects, new program roll-outs, or established interventions, the results are like “Miracle Grow” to your programs!

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 1, Spring 2009

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 58, Number 1, Spring 2009

JMC’s New Dean, page 2

Findings- Researchers Use Toxin Gene to “Kill Cancer Cells”, page 4

Restrictions, Hospitalists, PA s: Dramatic Changes in Education, page 6

Scholarship Dinner, page 13

Breaking Ground with Team-Based Education, page 14

On Campus, page 18

Class Notes, page 24

In Memoriam, page 28

By The Numbers, page 29

The Advanced Dental Hygiene Practitioner At The Master's-Degree Level: Is It Necessary?, Michele Leonardi Darby

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

The article reflects on the Advanced Dental Hygiene Practitioner (ADHP) curriculum proposed by the American Dental Hygienists' Association at the master's degree level. It is stated that dental hygienists and ADHPs can collaborate with other health care professionals for contributing towards the advancement of quality health care to the most vulnerable populations. It is mentioned that preparation at the master's degree is a logical pathway to the expanded scope of practice.

Predictors Of Recurrence Of Urethral Stricture Disease Following Optical Urethrotomy, Ali Akbar Zehri, M. H. Ather, Q. Afshan

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Objective:

To assess the predictors of recurrence in Optical urethrotomy (OU) for male urethral strictures.

Methods: 148 male patients treated with OU with intent to treat during the period of January 2003– December 2008 were included in the study. Charts were reviewed for demographics, cause of stricture, stricture length and need for ancillary procedure following OU. The time to recurrence following OU was noted. All patients were evaluated postoperatively with uroflowmetry monthly for the first 3 months, every 3 months during year 1 and every 6 months during year 2. After year 2 most patients were followed annually.

Results:

139 …

In Vitro And In Vivo Anthelmintic Activity Of Terminalia Arjuna Bark, Hafiz Allah Bachaya, Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Nisar Khan, Abdul Jabbar, Anwar Hassan Gilani, Islam-Ud Din

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

The present study was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) bark locally used as an anthelmintic. Lethal median concentration (LC50 values) of methanolic extract of T. arjuna bark in egg hatch and larval development tests against Haemonchus contortus ova and larva were found to be 645.65 and 467.74 μg mL-1, respectively. Inadult motility assay, efficacy of the extract was evident by the mortality of H. contortus at different hours post exposure. Invivo results revealed maximum (87.3%) egg count percent reduction (ECR) in sheep treated with crude methanolic extract @ 3 g kg-1 body …

Handbook On Sensitive Practice For Health Care Practitioners: Lessons From Adult Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Candice L. Schachter, Carol Stalker, Eli Teram, Gerri C. Lasiuk, Alanna Danilkewich

Lyle S. Hallman Social Work Faculty Publications

This handbook is the culmination of a multiphase, multidisciplinary research project that used grounded theory and participatory action research to illuminate ways that healthcare providers can work sensitively (in a trauma-informed way) with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse.

The research identified nine Principles of Sensitive Practice: respect, rapport, taking time, sharing information and control, respecting boundaries, fostering mutual learning, understanding non-linear healing and demonstrating an understanding of trauma to patients. Specific guidelines were developed for a wide variety of issues pertinent to clinical practice such as, removal of clothing, touch, responding to disclosures of abuse, managing triggers among others. …

Effects Of A Refugee Elective On Medical Student Perceptions, Kathleen Dussã¡N, Erin M. Galbraith, Mary Grzybowski, Bonnie Vautaw, Linda Murray, Kim A. Eagle

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

There are growing numbers of refugees throughout the world. Refugee health is a relatively unstudied and rarely taught component of medical education. In response to this need, a Refugee Health Elective was begun. Medical student perceptions toward cultural aspects of medicine and refugee health before and after participation in the elective were measured.

Methods

Preliminary questionnaires were given to all preclinical students at the academic year commencement with follow-up questionnaires at the refugee elective's conclusion. Both questionnaires examined students' comfort in interacting with patients and familiarity with refugee medical issues, alternative medical practices, and social hindrances to medical …

Body And Disease 2008: An Integrated Course Teaching Pathology, Pharmacology, Immunology And Microbiology, Janil Puthucheary, Doyle Graham, Charles A. Gullo Phd, Hwang Nina Chih, Lynette Oon, Tan Soo Yong, Sandy Cook

Biochemistry and Microbiology

The Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore (Duke-NUS) Body and Disease course is a 20-week, integrated course occurring at the end of the first year. The course covers four basic science topics: Pathology, Pharmacology, Immunology, and Microbiology and is modelled after the same course from the Duke University School of Medicine (DSOM) in Durham, North Carolina, USA. The structure of the course, as delivered by DSOM, was adapted to meet the needs and structure of the Duke-NUS programme. In addition, the course was adapted significantly to incorporate the Team-Based Learning methodology. In this paper, we detail how we approached these unique …

Exploring Possibilities: Virtual Reality In Nursing Research, Rebecca L. Davis

Peer Reviewed Articles

This paper describes the use of virtual reality (VR) as a method of measurement in nursing research. VR refers to the use of computerized displays to display a life-like environment in which the user interacts. Although many disciplines are beginning to use VR environments in research, nursing has yet to embrace this technology. Nursing, as a profession which values the interaction between the environment, individual, and health, can benefit from the use of VR in research. Establishing reliability and validity of the VR tool selected for research is important and requires special consideration. VR testing can produce side effects, such …

Academic Medicine As A Bridge To Peace: Building Arab And Israeli Cooperation, Abi Sriharan, Ziad Abdeen, Dennis Bojrab, Shurkri David, Ziad Elnasser, Tim Patterson, Robert J. Shprintzen, Harvey Skinner, Yehudah Roth, Arnold Noyek

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Can you imagine Canadian, Israeli, Jordanian, and Palestinian medical students singing, volunteering, and working together to develop programs to address issues related to global pediatric emergency medicine? Such a program was first held in Toronto in 2003 and continues annually. Can you imagine Canadians, Israelis, Jordanians, and Palestinians jointly teaching and developing solutions, via video teleconference, to address behavioral neurological problems affecting elderly populations? Such an initiative began in 2006 and continues to expand today. Can you imagine senior Jordanian and Israeli ear surgeons operating together, successfully carrying out pioneering cochlear implant surgery on deaf infants, on Jordanian national television? …

An Audit Of Editorial Processing At Jcpsp: Issues And Compliance, Saba Sohail

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

Department Of Education: Fy2009 Annual Report, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Department of Education

No abstract provided.

Training New Mothers In Infant Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr), Gavin C. Barr Jr. Md, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep, Valerie Rupp Rn, Bsn, Charles C. Worrilow Md, Katie Fredericks, Anne Marie Crown, John Reed Rrt

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Are Journals Cost Effective? Subscriptions To Electronic Full Text Versus Pay-Per-View, Barbara J. Iobst Mls, Ahip, Linda M. Schwartz Mde, Ahip, Cm, Evelyn J. Little

Department of Education

No abstract provided.