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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
The Effects Of Maternal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol And Cannabidiol Exposure On Fetal Heart Development In Mice, Gregory Robinson
The Effects Of Maternal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol And Cannabidiol Exposure On Fetal Heart Development In Mice, Gregory Robinson
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Up to 22.6% of pregnant women consume cannabis during pregnancy despite the uncertainty of teratogenicity of the main ingredients in cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). This study tested the hypothesis that gestational THC and CBD exposure leads to heart abnormalities. Daily, oral THC exposure induced heart abnormalities in 68% of offspring with three main phenotypes including thickened semilunar valves, ventricular myocardial hypertrophy and hypoplastic coronary arteries in fetuses, and postnatal cardiac dysfunction. Altered gene expression of key cardiogenic regulators, increased proliferation, and reduced epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition were demonstrated implicating potential mechanisms responsible for these abnormalities. Also, maternal CBD exposure resulted …
Nutrient Sensing Pathways Mediating Igfbp1 Phosphorylation In Fgr, Shapnil Bhuiyan
Nutrient Sensing Pathways Mediating Igfbp1 Phosphorylation In Fgr, Shapnil Bhuiyan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Impairment of fetal oxygen levels and nutrient delivery contributes to fetal growth restriction (FGR), which affects 20% of pregnancies. Such cellular stress induces hepatic Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 (IGFBP1) phosphorylation, which sequesters Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-I) and markedly reduces fetal growth signaling. IGFBP1 hyperphosphoryaltion in hypoxia is mediated through the mTOR signaling pathway and through the Amino Acid Response (AAR) pathway during amino acid deprivation. Hypoxia stimulates upstream mTORC1 regulators, AMPK and REDD1 which are well-established upstream regulators of one of the two mTOR complexes, mTORC1. The molecular mechanisms by which upstream mTORC1-driven processes regulate IGFBP1 phosphorylation …
Atypical Structural Connectivity And Integrity In Children With Hydrocephalus And Its Relation To Executive Function, Daamoon Ghahari
Atypical Structural Connectivity And Integrity In Children With Hydrocephalus And Its Relation To Executive Function, Daamoon Ghahari
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Infants with hydrocephalus are a high-risk group for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including impairments in executive functions such as goal-directed behaviour, focusing, and shifting attention. The current pilot study aimed to profile white matter and executive dysfunction in school-aged children with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunted hydrocephalus and age-matched healthy controls using the Behaviour Rating Inventory for Executive Functions and diffusion tensor imaging. To assess the degree of similarity between patient structural networks and controls, probabilistic streamlines between striatal and cortical regions and their respective diffusivity metrics were assessed. For a number of patients with hydrocephalus, white matter in the striatal-executive network showed …
Effects Of Increased Sulfatide In Schwann And Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Metachromatic Leukodystrophy, Srinitya Gannavarapu
Effects Of Increased Sulfatide In Schwann And Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Metachromatic Leukodystrophy, Srinitya Gannavarapu
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient arylsulfatase A (ARSA) activity, resulting in intra-lysosomal accumulation of sulfatide. Sulfatide is integral for proper maintenance of myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This study characterized mitochondrial morphology, cytokine secretion and phagocytic activity in Schwann and mesenchymal cells isolated from ARSA-/- mice. Cells were treated with different, increasing concentrations of sulfatide for a period of 24 hours. ARSA-/- cells presented with persistent, increased fragmented mitochondrial structures suggestive of prolonged mitochondrial fission. Sulfatide treatments increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in ARSA-/- …