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School of Medicine Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Diseases

Spatially Distinct Cellular And Molecular Landscapes Define Prognosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Kavitha Mukund, Darya Veraksa, David Frankhouser, Lixin Yang, Jerneja Tomsic, Raju Pillai, Srijan Atti, Zahra Mesrizadeh, Daniel Schmolze, Jovanny Zabaleta, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Mary-Anne Leblanc, Lucio Miele, Augusto Ochoa, Victoria Seewaldt, Shankar Subramaniam Jan 2026

Spatially Distinct Cellular And Molecular Landscapes Define Prognosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Kavitha Mukund, Darya Veraksa, David Frankhouser, Lixin Yang, Jerneja Tomsic, Raju Pillai, Srijan Atti, Zahra Mesrizadeh, Daniel Schmolze, Jovanny Zabaleta, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Mary-Anne Leblanc, Lucio Miele, Augusto Ochoa, Victoria Seewaldt, Shankar Subramaniam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a prevalent breast cancer subtype with the lowest 5-year survival. Several factors influence outcomes, but their inherent molecular and cellular heterogeneity are increasingly acknowledged as crucial determinants. Here, we report on the spatio-molecular heterogeneity underlying TNBC tumors in a retrospective, treatment-naive cohort with differential prognoses (17 good prognoses [GPx] >15-year survival and 15 poor prognoses [PPx] < 3-year survival]) profiled using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler. Analyses reveal that epithelial and microenvironment (TME) states are transcriptionally distinct between groups. Invasive GPx epithelia show an increase in immune transcripts, with a more immune-rich TME (via IF). PPx epithelia, in contrast, are more metabolically and translationally active, with a mesenchymal/fibrotic TME. Pre-cancerous epithelia in PPx exhibit a presence of aggressiveness, marked by increased EMT signaling and complement activity. We identify distinct epithelial gene signatures for PPx and GPx that can accurately classify diagnostic samples and likely inform therapy.


Zoliflodacin Versus Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Urogenital Gonorrhoea: An International, Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Luckey, Manica Balasegaram, Lindley A. Barbee, Teresa A. Batteiger, Helen Broadhurst, Stephanie E. Cohen, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Henry J.C. De Vries, Jodie A. Dionne, Katherine Gill, Chris Kenyon, Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn, Drew Lewis, John P. Mueller, Vimla Naicker, Seamus O'Brien, John P. O'Donnell, Nittaya Phanuphak, Elizabeth Spooner, Subasree Srinivasan, Stephanie N. Taylor, Magnus Unemo, Zinhle Zwane, Edward W. Hook, Zoliflodacin Phase 3 Study Group Jan 2026

Zoliflodacin Versus Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Urogenital Gonorrhoea: An International, Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Luckey, Manica Balasegaram, Lindley A. Barbee, Teresa A. Batteiger, Helen Broadhurst, Stephanie E. Cohen, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Henry J.C. De Vries, Jodie A. Dionne, Katherine Gill, Chris Kenyon, Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn, Drew Lewis, John P. Mueller, Vimla Naicker, Seamus O'Brien, John P. O'Donnell, Nittaya Phanuphak, Elizabeth Spooner, Subasree Srinivasan, Stephanie N. Taylor, Magnus Unemo, Zinhle Zwane, Edward W. Hook, Zoliflodacin Phase 3 Study Group

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Development of new treatments for gonorrhoea is a global public health priority. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin in patients with uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea. Methods In this phase 3, multinational, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial, participants aged 12 years and older with clinical suspicion of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea were eligible for inclusion. The trial was done in 17 outpatient clinics in Belgium, the Netherlands, South Africa, Thailand, and the USA. Participating countries with high disease prevalence were identified for participation in the study. Sites selected for participation were led by …


The Vascular Density/Angiogenesis Marker Cd31/Pecam1 Does Not Correlate With Overall Survival In Neuroendocrine Tumors, Nicholas J. Skill, Kenneth Avanzino, Yvette Bren-Mattison, J. Philip Boudreaux, Ramcharan Thiagarajan, Mary Maluccio Jan 2026

The Vascular Density/Angiogenesis Marker Cd31/Pecam1 Does Not Correlate With Overall Survival In Neuroendocrine Tumors, Nicholas J. Skill, Kenneth Avanzino, Yvette Bren-Mattison, J. Philip Boudreaux, Ramcharan Thiagarajan, Mary Maluccio

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Abstract: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare cancers. CD31/PECAM1 is an adhesion molecule that modulates endothelial cell-to-cell contact. Increased CD31 expression is a marker for tumor growth, and cancer aggressiveness. The purpose of this study was to better understand the prognostic value of CD31 expression in primary and metastatic NEN tumors in terms of correlations with overall survival and pathological metrics, tumor grade, and tumor primary/metastatic location. As NENs are highly vascular tumors, the hypothesis is that CD31 staining is an important prognostic biomarker and target. This is based on prior correlations between CD31 staining and 3-year recurrence-free survival in pancreas …


Us Drug Policy Does Not Align With Experts' Rankings Of Drug Harms: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Michael Broman, Alan K. Davis, Stacey Armstrong, Adam Levin, Kaltum Ahmed, Gustavo A. Angarita, Brooke J. Arterberry, Cecilia Bergeria, Mitch Earleywine, Kathryn S. Gex, Tom Gregoire, Jamey J. Lister, David S. Mathai, Nicky J. Mehtani, Nathan Menke, Charles D. Nichols, Hillary Shaub, Alayna P. Tackett, Brandon Weiss, Nefize Yalin, Lawrence D. Phillips Dec 2025

Us Drug Policy Does Not Align With Experts' Rankings Of Drug Harms: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Michael Broman, Alan K. Davis, Stacey Armstrong, Adam Levin, Kaltum Ahmed, Gustavo A. Angarita, Brooke J. Arterberry, Cecilia Bergeria, Mitch Earleywine, Kathryn S. Gex, Tom Gregoire, Jamey J. Lister, David S. Mathai, Nicky J. Mehtani, Nathan Menke, Charles D. Nichols, Hillary Shaub, Alayna P. Tackett, Brandon Weiss, Nefize Yalin, Lawrence D. Phillips

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background United States drug policy is primarily based on the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and largely contradicts scientific evidence about how to mitigate drugs' harms. Expert consensus on drug harms could inform policy that improves the health of people who use drugs while reducing negative societal impacts of drug use. Therefore, this study adapted and extended the relevant 2010 United Kingdom multi-criteria decision analysis, rating drug harms by criteria comprising health and social impacts to people who use drugs and their families, communities, and society.Methods Seventeen experts on drug use in the US, including three with lived experience of …


The Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy On Perioperative Outcomes In Rectal Cancer Patients Following Stoma Reversal-A Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Mary Junak, Rosemarie Turk, Mohammad Afaque Alam, Eli Thompson, David Schaub, Joseph Gunderson, Anesu S. Masango, Srikar Kollipara, Andrea Moreno, Daniom Tecle, Valentine N. Nfonsam Dec 2025

The Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy On Perioperative Outcomes In Rectal Cancer Patients Following Stoma Reversal-A Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Mary Junak, Rosemarie Turk, Mohammad Afaque Alam, Eli Thompson, David Schaub, Joseph Gunderson, Anesu S. Masango, Srikar Kollipara, Andrea Moreno, Daniom Tecle, Valentine N. Nfonsam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak after reversal of an ostomy is a significant complication in rectal cancer patients. The effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on outcomes following stoma reversal are not well established. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of NCRT on outcomes in rectal cancer patients following stoma reversal. METHODS: We performed a [2005-2012] retrospective cohort analysis of the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP), including adult (≥18 years) rectal cancer patients who had elective stoma reversal. Patients were stratified into those who received NCRT and those who did not. Primary outcomes were anastomotic …


Incidental Cardiac Metastasis In Breast Carcinoma, Yaomin Chen, Haibo Wang, Zhiyan Fu, Ellen Elizabeth Connor Dec 2025

Incidental Cardiac Metastasis In Breast Carcinoma, Yaomin Chen, Haibo Wang, Zhiyan Fu, Ellen Elizabeth Connor

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background and Clinical Significance: Metastatic breast cancer is a major global health burden, with common metastatic sites including the bones, lungs, liver, and brain. Cardiac metastasis is rare and often clinically silent, leading to underdiagnosis. Recognizing cardiac involvement, even when asymptomatic, is important for understanding the full extent of disease and ensuring optimal patient care. Case Presentation: We report the case of a woman with advanced breast carcinoma who showed no clinical or imaging evidence of cardiac involvement throughout the course of her illness. Following her death from progressive metastatic disease, an autopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma infiltrating the myocardium and …


Osteoprogenitor Cells From Non-Regenerative Bone Show Greater Resistance To Cellular Stress Than Those From Regenerative Bone, Joshua Broussard, Sylvia Culpepper, Tyrel Long, Alexander J. Trostle, Robert J. Tower, Mimi C. Sammarco, Jennifer Simkin Dec 2025

Osteoprogenitor Cells From Non-Regenerative Bone Show Greater Resistance To Cellular Stress Than Those From Regenerative Bone, Joshua Broussard, Sylvia Culpepper, Tyrel Long, Alexander J. Trostle, Robert J. Tower, Mimi C. Sammarco, Jennifer Simkin

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Bone regeneration following injury depends on osteoprogenitor cells derived predominantly from the periosteum. Incomplete regeneration has been attributed to both cell-extrinsic factors (e.g., environment, inflammation, mechanical instability) and cell-intrinsic factors (e.g., impaired proliferation or differentiation of stem cells). In the digit amputation mouse model, amputation through the third phalanx (P3) supports complete regeneration, while amputation through the second phalanx (P2) results in callus formation and scarring. Periosteal cells are known to be the major contributing cell source for repair and regeneration. Yet the healing outcomes of P2 and P3 amputations are significantly different. This study tests whether P2 and …


Transient Neuromonitoring Changes And Delayed Vertebrobasilar Infarction Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Illustrative Case, Jacob M. Chaisson, Jack A. Leoni, Ellery A. Hayden, Gabriel C. Tender, Amit K. Bhandutia Dec 2025

Transient Neuromonitoring Changes And Delayed Vertebrobasilar Infarction Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Illustrative Case, Jacob M. Chaisson, Jack A. Leoni, Ellery A. Hayden, Gabriel C. Tender, Amit K. Bhandutia

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common spinal procedure with a well-established safety profile. While direct vertebral artery injury is rare and typically recognized intraoperatively, delayed posterior circulation stroke is an even less common but major complication. In patients with risk factors for vascular disease, vascular stress from surgical manipulation may predispose them to thromboembolic events that are not immediately apparent. Transient intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) changes may represent early, underrecognized indicators of such vascular compromise. OBSERVATIONS: The authors present the case of a 61-year-old male who underwent elective three-level ACDF for degenerative cervical myelopathy. During cage placement, …


Dermal Lymphatic Carcinomatosis As A Cutaneous Metastasis From Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Sarah A. Hemelt, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta Dec 2025

Dermal Lymphatic Carcinomatosis As A Cutaneous Metastasis From Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Sarah A. Hemelt, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Cutaneous metastases are an uncommon but clinically significant manifestation of internal malignancies. We present a rare case of dermal lymphatic carcinomatosis arising from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive lung adenocarcinoma, a presentation that may closely mimic inflammatory dermatoses and indicate therapeutic resistance or disease progression. We describe the clinical course of a 65-year-old woman who developed a violaceous cutaneous metastatic lesion beneath the left breast during treatment for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights the importance of recognizing cutaneous signs as indicators of disease progression and emphasizes the diagnostic challenges and prognostic implications of cutaneous metastases in lung cancer.


Safety And Feasibility Of Talimogene Laherparepvec In Peritoneal Surface Malignancies: Results From The Tempo Trial, John H. Stewart, Donna Niedzwiecki, Melissa Lowe, Ashley Moyer, Emily Bolch, Shannon Diane Maclaughlan, Edward A. Levine, Omeed Moaven, Niharika Mettu, John H. Strickler, Dan G. Blazer Dec 2025

Safety And Feasibility Of Talimogene Laherparepvec In Peritoneal Surface Malignancies: Results From The Tempo Trial, John H. Stewart, Donna Niedzwiecki, Melissa Lowe, Ashley Moyer, Emily Bolch, Shannon Diane Maclaughlan, Edward A. Levine, Omeed Moaven, Niharika Mettu, John H. Strickler, Dan G. Blazer

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs) remain a therapeutic challenge, particularly in patients with unresectable disease who cannot benefit from cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The Talimogene Laherparepvec for the Treatment of Peritoneal Surface Malignancies (TEMPO) trial (NCT03663712) is the first phase 1, multicenter, open-label study to evaluate intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an FDA-approved oncolytic virus, in this setting. Nineteen patients with unresectable PSMs from appendiceal, ovarian, small bowel, and peritoneal carcinomas were enrolled; 18 received treatment across three escalating dose cohorts (4 × 10-4×10 PFU). The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, with secondary endpoints assessing viral …


Presentation, Diagnosis, And Acute Treatment Of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report, Alexandra Bartholomew, Michael Connick, Catherine Loehr, Shane Sanne Dec 2025

Presentation, Diagnosis, And Acute Treatment Of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report, Alexandra Bartholomew, Michael Connick, Catherine Loehr, Shane Sanne

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, immunologically driven disorder with a high mortality rate. It is typically diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with multiple previous hospitalizations for fever of unknown origin and fatigue. Her workup ultimately led to a diagnosis of HLH. We discuss the presentation, diagnostic criteria, and clinical treatment of secondary HLH to guide workup and management for future patients affected by this rare disease.


Identification Of Predictive Pretreatment Biomarkers For Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response In Latino Invasive Breast Cancer Patients, Hedda Michelle Guevara-Nieto, Rafael Parra-Medina, Carlos A. Orozco, Sandra Diaz-Casas, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Liliana López-Kleine, Alba L. Combita Dec 2025

Identification Of Predictive Pretreatment Biomarkers For Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response In Latino Invasive Breast Cancer Patients, Hedda Michelle Guevara-Nieto, Rafael Parra-Medina, Carlos A. Orozco, Sandra Diaz-Casas, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Liliana López-Kleine, Alba L. Combita

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Breast cancer (BC) exhibits significant heterogeneity in incidence and mortality worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for locally advanced BC; however, its efficacy varies by subtype. This study examined the gene expression profiles associated with NAC response in Colombian women with invasive BC. Methods: RNA sequencing of pre-treatment tissues from 58 patients (29 responders and 29 non-responders) identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each molecular subtype, and prognostic performance was evaluated using risk scores. Results: Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the immune system pathways in non-responders. Changes in cytokine target activity and immune cell populations were analyzed to …


A Rare Case Of Severe Disseminated Pyoderma Gangrenosum Of The Upper Body With Concurrent Nasopharyngeal And Inferior Orbital Wall Necrosis, Robert M. Branstetter, Isabel E. Baird, Mohammed S. Rais, Danielle N. Ledet, Megan N. Terrebonne Dec 2025

A Rare Case Of Severe Disseminated Pyoderma Gangrenosum Of The Upper Body With Concurrent Nasopharyngeal And Inferior Orbital Wall Necrosis, Robert M. Branstetter, Isabel E. Baird, Mohammed S. Rais, Danielle N. Ledet, Megan N. Terrebonne

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis usually linked to autoimmune or inflammatory bowel disease and typically affects the lower extremities. This case is notable for extensive upper-body, oropharyngeal, and nasal involvement in a patient without an underlying autoimmune disorder. A 56-year-old man with chronic cocaine use and stage IV renal cell carcinoma presented with rapidly progressive ulcerations of the face, neck, shoulders, and back, along with nasal septal collapse and oropharyngeal destruction. Prior biopsy demonstrated sterile neutrophilic inflammation without vasculitis, infection, or malignant infiltration, supporting PG as a diagnosis of exclusion. Imaging showed erosive sinonasal disease. He was …


Endothelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles During Exercise In Copd Patients, Samuel C Okpechi, Dorota Wyczechowska, Bennett Deboisblanc, Jessica L Johnson, Mohamed A Ghonim, Natalie Bauer, Hamid A Boulares, Matthew R Lammi Dec 2025

Endothelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles During Exercise In Copd Patients, Samuel C Okpechi, Dorota Wyczechowska, Bennett Deboisblanc, Jessica L Johnson, Mohamed A Ghonim, Natalie Bauer, Hamid A Boulares, Matthew R Lammi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: There are no treatments directly targeting the pulmonary vasculature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and further characterization of the underlying endothelial cell (EC) abnormalities could be helpful in drug development. Methods: We investigated the influence of exercise and the prostacyclin analog iloprost on extracellular vesicles derived from ECs (eEVs) in 15 moderate–severe COPD patients who were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of iloprost. Results: Active smokers had a profile consistent with inflammatory-derived EVs, while exacerbation-prone COPD subjects had a profile consistent with apoptosis-derived eEVs. There were no significant effects of iloprost on eEV levels. However, there …


Behçet's Disease Unraveled: Insights Into Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, And Management, Mansour Alghamdi, Stephen Lindsey Dec 2025

Behçet's Disease Unraveled: Insights Into Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, And Management, Mansour Alghamdi, Stephen Lindsey

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Behçet's disease is a rare and recurrent multisystem inflammatory disorder, primarily distinguished by systemic vasculitis that affects veins and arteries of various sizes. Clinically, Behçet's disease is characterized by the presence of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis. The prevalence of this condition is significantly elevated along the historical Silk Road, particularly in Turkey; however, epidemiological data indicate variations across different regions and ethnic groups. The diagnosis of Behçet's disease is typically established during the third decade of life, with a more severe prognosis noted when the onset occurs before the age of 25. This review aims …


Presenteeism Among Health Care Personnel With Covid-19, James C. Crosby, Eliezer Santos Leon, Brian Chinnock, Karisa K. Harland, Anusha Krishnadasan, Nicholas M. Mohr, Ian D. Plumb, Melissa Briggs Hagen, Kelli Wallace, David A. Talan, Project Prevent Network, Anne Zepeski, Tracy Young, Howard A. Smithline, Lilly C. Lee, Stephen C. Lim, Et Al Dec 2025

Presenteeism Among Health Care Personnel With Covid-19, James C. Crosby, Eliezer Santos Leon, Brian Chinnock, Karisa K. Harland, Anusha Krishnadasan, Nicholas M. Mohr, Ian D. Plumb, Melissa Briggs Hagen, Kelli Wallace, David A. Talan, Project Prevent Network, Anne Zepeski, Tracy Young, Howard A. Smithline, Lilly C. Lee, Stephen C. Lim, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Presenteeism-defined as continuing to work during an illness-poses a public health risk in the workplace and is especially hazardous within health care institutions where vulnerable patients may be exposed to nosocomial infections. Understanding the frequency and characteristics of health care personnel (HCP) who report presenteeism while ill with COVID-19 may help mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals and other health care institutions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of presenteeism among HCP with symptomatic COVID-19, and to evaluate the demographic, occupational, and clinical factors associated with it. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is an observational cohort study that uses data from …


Acute Dislocations Of The Sternoclavicular Joint: Treatment And Outcomes, Elsa B. Rodriguez-Baron, Fidel Moreno-Diaz, Daniel E. Pereira, Kathy Mcgurk, Langdon Hartsock, Lucy Bowers, Paul Matuszewski, Kevin Murr, John Sharpe, Michael Tucker, Nathan Redlich, Peter Krause, Clay Spitler, Bradley Foulke, Grant Quilling, Abbey Debruin, Richard Behlmer, Paul Whiting, Stephanie Tanner, Kyle Jeray, Joseph Brock Walker, Sarah Obudzinski, Julie Titter, Andrew Chen, Aseel Dib, Christine Churchill, Benjamin Averkamp, Joseph Hsu, Kimberly Tann, Et Al Dec 2025

Acute Dislocations Of The Sternoclavicular Joint: Treatment And Outcomes, Elsa B. Rodriguez-Baron, Fidel Moreno-Diaz, Daniel E. Pereira, Kathy Mcgurk, Langdon Hartsock, Lucy Bowers, Paul Matuszewski, Kevin Murr, John Sharpe, Michael Tucker, Nathan Redlich, Peter Krause, Clay Spitler, Bradley Foulke, Grant Quilling, Abbey Debruin, Richard Behlmer, Paul Whiting, Stephanie Tanner, Kyle Jeray, Joseph Brock Walker, Sarah Obudzinski, Julie Titter, Andrew Chen, Aseel Dib, Christine Churchill, Benjamin Averkamp, Joseph Hsu, Kimberly Tann, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Identify treatment and describe outcomes and complications of acute anterior and posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Twelve level-one trauma centers. PATIENT/PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-five patients with acute sternoclavicular joint dislocation, most were male (67%), White (61%), 18-29 years old (57%), involved in a motorized collision (60%), with anterior (35%) or posterior (65%) sternoclavicular joint dislocation treated by operative or nonoperative technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes and complications of joint instability, post-traumatic arthritis, neurovascular injury, chronic pain, and cosmetic deformities after operative and nonoperative treatment of anterior and posterior acute sternoclavicular joint dislocation are reported. RESULTS: …


Overview Of Huntington's Disease And Emerging Treatment Strategies: A Narrative Review, Alexis J. Vega, Gabriel V. Hernandez, Pearse A. O'Malley, Connor J. Robin, Amanda N. Parra, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye Dec 2025

Overview Of Huntington's Disease And Emerging Treatment Strategies: A Narrative Review, Alexis J. Vega, Gabriel V. Hernandez, Pearse A. O'Malley, Connor J. Robin, Amanda N. Parra, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a cytosine-adenine-guanine trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. The symptoms of HD include severe motor dysfunction, cognitive issues, and emotional dysregulation. These combined issues are not only debilitating but also lead to depression/anxiety, increased suicide rates, and caregiver burnout. Our narrative review summarizes several recent studies examining the efficacy and differences among emerging treatment strategies for HD. A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted, focusing on recent studies that describe molecular genetic manipulation of the HTT gene/huntingtin protein. The results of our narrative review reveal …


Ensuring Safety And Optimization In Total Joint Arthroplasty Of Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Complication Risks And Modifiable Risk Factors, Tara Korbal, Robert Branstetter Iv, Matthew Cable, Deryk Jones, Lizheng Shi, Lauren Hall, Andrew Chapple Nov 2025

Ensuring Safety And Optimization In Total Joint Arthroplasty Of Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Complication Risks And Modifiable Risk Factors, Tara Korbal, Robert Branstetter Iv, Matthew Cable, Deryk Jones, Lizheng Shi, Lauren Hall, Andrew Chapple

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

AIMS & OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to determine whether an active cancer diagnosis results in an increased risk of perioperative TJA complications and postoperative mortality. The secondary objective is to analyze the effects of demographic factors on perioperative complication rates in cancer patients undergoing TJA. MATERIALS & METHODS: Patients with active cancer diagnoses undergoing total joint arthroplasty from 2014 to 2020 were included in this retrospective analysis. Patient data was obtained through ReachNet, which consisted of data from the University Medical Center, Tulane University Medical Center, Ochsner Health System, and Baylor Scott & White Health. ICD-9/10 …


High Prevalence And Atypical Genotype Distribution Of Oral Human Papillomavirus In An East African Hiv Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ian G. Munabi, Adriane Kamulegeya, Dunstan Kalanzi, David P. Kateete, Fred Collins Semitala, Catherine-Lutalo Mwesigwa, Samuel Kalungi, Jennifer E. Cameron, Kimon Divaris, William Buwembo Nov 2025

High Prevalence And Atypical Genotype Distribution Of Oral Human Papillomavirus In An East African Hiv Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ian G. Munabi, Adriane Kamulegeya, Dunstan Kalanzi, David P. Kateete, Fred Collins Semitala, Catherine-Lutalo Mwesigwa, Samuel Kalungi, Jennifer E. Cameron, Kimon Divaris, William Buwembo

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Globally, Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is the predominant genotype associated with oropharyngeal cancers. However, little is known about the prevalence and type distribution of Oral Human Papillomavirus (OHPV) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the East African region. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence and circulating genotypes of OHPV infection in a large cohort of PLWHIV attending an urban HIV clinic in Eastern Africa METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 1,715 participants of the Makerere University Joint AIDS Program clinic, located in Kampala, Uganda, in East Africa. A salivary sample was collected …


Geographic And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Early Follow-Up Loss In Patients Undergoing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (Pitnets) Resection: A Retrospective Review Of 1143 Cases, Daniel Quintana, Rithvik Ramesh, Robert C. Osorio, Wesley Shoap, Paul Mcmillan Villalobos, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Sandeep Kunwar, Jose Gurrola, Ivan H. El Sayed, Manish K. Aghi, Ezequiel Goldschmidt Nov 2025

Geographic And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Early Follow-Up Loss In Patients Undergoing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (Pitnets) Resection: A Retrospective Review Of 1143 Cases, Daniel Quintana, Rithvik Ramesh, Robert C. Osorio, Wesley Shoap, Paul Mcmillan Villalobos, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Sandeep Kunwar, Jose Gurrola, Ivan H. El Sayed, Manish K. Aghi, Ezequiel Goldschmidt

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative follow-up after PitNET resection is essential for monitoring tumor recurrence and endocrinological deficits. Despite advances in telehealth, loss to follow-up remains a persistent challenge across neurosurgical patients. This study aims to identify factors to identify patients are at higher risk of being lost to follow-up after surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,143 adult patients who underwent PitNET resection between 2012 and 2019 at a single institution. Clinical and radiological data were analyzed to assess loss to follow-up in the cohort. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with …


Characterizing Global Dermatologic Engagement And Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study From 83 Countries, Alexis G. Strahan, Christine Li, Maud Guérin, Tom Allison, Gene Colón, Jehireh Peraza-Williams, Olyvia Zarchin, Morvarid Zehtab, Ann M. Pacheco, Jadesola Akinwuntan, Shivani Jain, Marlous L. Grijsen, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Wingfield Rehmus, L. Claire Fuller, Karolyn Wanat, Esther E. Freeman Nov 2025

Characterizing Global Dermatologic Engagement And Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study From 83 Countries, Alexis G. Strahan, Christine Li, Maud Guérin, Tom Allison, Gene Colón, Jehireh Peraza-Williams, Olyvia Zarchin, Morvarid Zehtab, Ann M. Pacheco, Jadesola Akinwuntan, Shivani Jain, Marlous L. Grijsen, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Wingfield Rehmus, L. Claire Fuller, Karolyn Wanat, Esther E. Freeman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


The Associations Between Meniscus Tear Location And The Prevalence And Severity Of Cartilage Wear In Different Knee Compartments Using An Arthroscopic Grading System, Tara Korbal, Claudia Leonardi, Amy Bronstone, Vinod Dasa Nov 2025

The Associations Between Meniscus Tear Location And The Prevalence And Severity Of Cartilage Wear In Different Knee Compartments Using An Arthroscopic Grading System, Tara Korbal, Claudia Leonardi, Amy Bronstone, Vinod Dasa

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Meniscus tears are associated with progressive cartilage degeneration and worsening osteoarthritis. Although several previous studies have explored the relationship between meniscus tears and cartilage damage, few have examined the relationship between tear location and cartilage wear in all knee compartments using an arthroscopic grading system. Objectives: Evaluate the association between meniscus tear location and the prevalence and severity of high-grade cartilage wear in knee compartments. Methods: A total of 210 patients were categorized into groups based on meniscus tear location: medial meniscus tear (MMT, n = 106), lateral meniscus tear (LMT, n = 41), and medial-lateral meniscus tear (MLMT, …


Nirsevimab Effectiveness Against Intensive Care Unit Admission For Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Infants - 24 States, December 2024-April 2025, Laura D. Zambrano, Regina M. Simeone, Margaret M. Newhams, Amanda B. Payne, Natasha B. Halasa, Amber O. Orzel-Lockwood, Jemima M. Calixte, Satoshi Kamidani, Hillary Crandall, Melissa A. Cameron, Jennifer E. Schuster, Aline B. Maddux, Kathleen Chiotos, Katherine Irby, Steven L. Shein, Mary Allen Staat, Lora M. Martin, Samina S. Bhumbra, Ryan A. Nofziger, Jigar C. Chauhan, Danielle M. Zerr, Shira J. Gertz, Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill, Michele Kong, Janet R. Hume, Bria M. Coates, Kelly N. Michelson, Tamara T. Bradford, Et Al Nov 2025

Nirsevimab Effectiveness Against Intensive Care Unit Admission For Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Infants - 24 States, December 2024-April 2025, Laura D. Zambrano, Regina M. Simeone, Margaret M. Newhams, Amanda B. Payne, Natasha B. Halasa, Amber O. Orzel-Lockwood, Jemima M. Calixte, Satoshi Kamidani, Hillary Crandall, Melissa A. Cameron, Jennifer E. Schuster, Aline B. Maddux, Kathleen Chiotos, Katherine Irby, Steven L. Shein, Mary Allen Staat, Lora M. Martin, Samina S. Bhumbra, Ryan A. Nofziger, Jigar C. Chauhan, Danielle M. Zerr, Shira J. Gertz, Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill, Michele Kong, Janet R. Hume, Bria M. Coates, Kelly N. Michelson, Tamara T. Bradford, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and respiratory failure among infants (children aged < year) in the United States. In August 2023, CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, to protect against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection among all infants aged < 8 months born during or entering their first RSV season. Following licensure, nirsevimab effectiveness has been demonstrated against RSV-associated infant hospitalization, but evidence regarding effectiveness against RSV-associated critical illness is limited. In a 27-hospital case-control investigation, nirsevimab effectiveness against both RSV-associated infant ICU admission and acute respiratory failure (illness requiring continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, or invasive mechanical ventilation) after hospital admission was evaluated during December 1, 2024-April 15, 2025. Among 457 case-patients who received a positive RSV test result and 302 control patients who received a negative RSV test result admitted to an ICU with respiratory symptoms, 14% and 45%, respectively, had received nirsevimab ≥ 7 days before symptom onset. Nirsevimab was 80% effective (95% CI = 70%-86%) against RSV-associated ICU admission and 83% effective (95% CI = 74%-90%) against acute respiratory failure when received a median of 52 days (IQR = 32-89 days) and 50 days (IQR = 32-86 days) before onset for each respective endpoint. These estimates support the recommendation for use of nirsevimab as a prevention strategy to protect infants against severe outcomes from RSV infection.


Alcohol Use Disorder, Kendall Walker, James Mcnary, Hamilton Farris Nov 2025

Alcohol Use Disorder, Kendall Walker, James Mcnary, Hamilton Farris

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Association Of Obesity Severity With Cardiometabolic And Renal Disease Burden In The United States, Florina Corpodean, Michael Kachmar, Shengping Yang, Steven B. Heymsfield, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Philip R. Schauer, Michael W. Cook, Vance L. Albaugh Nov 2025

Association Of Obesity Severity With Cardiometabolic And Renal Disease Burden In The United States, Florina Corpodean, Michael Kachmar, Shengping Yang, Steven B. Heymsfield, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Philip R. Schauer, Michael W. Cook, Vance L. Albaugh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective This study examined the association between obesity severity and cardiometabolic and renal disease, using BMI as a surrogate for obesity severity. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using data from the United States Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2011–2023. Survey-weighted logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) for the diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, kidney disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary artery disease among increasing BMI categories. Results Higher BMI was associated with increased odds of all conditions. For BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2, odds were notably elevated for diabetes (OR 8.32; 95% CI: 7.78–8.91), hypertension (OR 6.07; 95% CI: …


Hypertensive Remodelling: When Bigger Body Means Bigger Problems, Eric Lazartigues Nov 2025

Hypertensive Remodelling: When Bigger Body Means Bigger Problems, Eric Lazartigues

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Colorectal Cancer: Differential Gene Expression And In Vitro Response To 5-Fluorouracil, Novel Fluoropyrimidine F10, And Potential Synergy With Lupeol, Shrey D. Thaker, Jenny Paredes, Jone Garai, Laura A. Martello, William H. Gmeiner, Jovanny Zabaleta, Jennie Williams Nov 2025

Colorectal Cancer: Differential Gene Expression And In Vitro Response To 5-Fluorouracil, Novel Fluoropyrimidine F10, And Potential Synergy With Lupeol, Shrey D. Thaker, Jenny Paredes, Jone Garai, Laura A. Martello, William H. Gmeiner, Jovanny Zabaleta, Jennie Williams

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies in the United States, with African American (AA) patients experiencing disproportionately higher incidence and mortality compared to Caucasian Americans (CAs). These disparities have been linked to tumor-intrinsic genomic differences, including microsatellite instability (MSI) and p53 mutation status, which may influence chemotherapeutic response, particularly to the standard-of-care agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, mechanistic insights have been limited by the lack of racially diverse preclinical models. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of F10 (a novel fluoropyrimidine polymer) vs. 5-FU using AA- and CA-derived CRC cell lines with distinct MSI and p53 profiles. MTT …


Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess Evacuated With Unilateral Interlaminar Approach (With Operative Video): Illustrative Case, George A. Crabill, Jack A. Leoni, Kaleb Derouen, Jamieson Glasser, Wesley Shoap, Gabriel Tender Nov 2025

Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess Evacuated With Unilateral Interlaminar Approach (With Operative Video): Illustrative Case, George A. Crabill, Jack A. Leoni, Kaleb Derouen, Jamieson Glasser, Wesley Shoap, Gabriel Tender

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The authors present the case of a patient with an extensive lumbosacral spinal epidural abscess (SEA) that was successfully evacuated in its entirety with a unilateral interlaminar approach. This is an alternative to wide bony decompression at multiple segments. The surgical approach described decompresses the neural elements while maintaining spinal integrity. OBSERVATIONS: Partial removal of the ligamentum flavum can provide an interlaminar corridor that is sufficient to evacuate extensive SEAs in select patients. LESSONS: This case illustrates a surgical approach that successfully evacuates extensive lumbosacral SEA while respecting spinal integrity. https://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/CASE25646.


Intercellular Signaling And Synaptic Deconstruction Uncovered By Single-Cell And Spatial Transcriptomics In An Ad Tauopathy Model, Jeff X. Ji, Brian L. Giles, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Marie-Audrey I. Kautzmann, Alasdair P. Masson, Sonia Do Carmo, A Claudio Cuello, Nicolas G. Bazan Nov 2025

Intercellular Signaling And Synaptic Deconstruction Uncovered By Single-Cell And Spatial Transcriptomics In An Ad Tauopathy Model, Jeff X. Ji, Brian L. Giles, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Marie-Audrey I. Kautzmann, Alasdair P. Masson, Sonia Do Carmo, A Claudio Cuello, Nicolas G. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in elderly individuals worldwide; however, all mechanisms leading to disease onset and progression are not well understood. Here, we report brain single-cell multiome and spatial transcriptomics in a transgenic rat model of human-like tauopathy. We have identified new markers of tau-driven AD pathology and provided single-cell evidence for genes implicated in AD. Our findings reveal how tau hyperphosphorylation and aging alter ligand-receptor communication, transcription factor regulatory networks, and specific cellular networks. Notably, we found intriguing changes in cell communication involving glutamatergic transmission and Netrin signaling as a taupathy consequence. Overall, this …