Diseases Commons^™

Bystander Performance Using Automated External Defibrillators During Simulated Cardiac Arrest, Richard N. Bradley, Lynda M. Schoenstein, Wesley H. Hamilton, Mark R. Boyle

Richard N Bradley

Objective: Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are becoming widely available to the public. This study examined the hypothesis that less than 75% of the general population can defibrillate using an AED in less than three minutes.

Methods: This was a survey of the behavior of individuals over age 12 in a major airport on Jan. 2–3, 2003. After obtaining consent, an investigator told the subject that he/she was walking down the concourse and saw a person collapse. The subject demonstrated his/her response, using only a telephone and an AED simulating ventricular fibrillation. Data were analyzed using a one-sample test of proportions. …

American Red Cross Sac Advisory On Obstructed Airway-Adults, Richard N. Bradley, Stamatios Lerakis

Richard N Bradley

INTRODUCTION: There were 4,700 deaths due to choking in the United States in 2012. This study was a structured literature review with the objective of determining whether in adults, either conscious or unconscious, with acute foreign body airway obstructions, if any specific resuscitation technique, compared to other techniques, leads to different outcomes.

METHODS: We developed an a priori search definition, and searched PubMed, Google, and OneSearch@IU. We sought additional articles by reviewing the reference lists of articles that we included. We included articles if they addressed original research of treatment of foreign body airway obstruction in adults. We excluded articles …

American Red Cross Scientific Review On Obstructed Airway-Adults, Richard N. Bradley, Stamatios Lerakis

Richard N Bradley

INTRODUCTION: There were 4,700 deaths due to choking in the United States in 2012. This study was a structured literature review with the objective of determining whether in adults, either conscious or unconscious, with acute foreign body airway obstructions, if any specific resuscitation technique, compared to other techniques, leads to different outcomes.

METHODS: We developed an a priori search definition, and searched PubMed, Google, and OneSearch@IU. We sought additional articles by reviewing the reference lists of articles that we included. We included articles if they addressed original research of treatment of foreign body airway obstruction in adults. We excluded articles …

The Scientific Foundations Of The American Red Cross Cpr Training Standards, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

The CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) training and certification standards established by the ARC (American Red Cross) are based on a scientific review of the best available published literature. Minimal difference are present between the ARC and other national training organizations. These differences result from differing organizational opinions on the best way to implement standards from limited scientific evidence.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation With Rescue Breathing Is Superior To Hands-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation For Children And Infants: Results Of A Systematic Review, Joseph W. Rossano, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

Introduction

Evidence supports teaching hands-only CPR for the initial treatment of cardiac arrest in adults. Unlike adults, however, children and infants with cardiac arrest are more likely to have non-cardiac causes.

Hypothesis: The objective of this project was to conduct a structured literature review to answer the question, “In children and infants with cardiac arrest treated in an out-of-hospital setting, does compression-only CPR, alone or with supplemental oxygen, compared to CPR with rescue breathing lead to improved outcomes?”

Results

Sixty-nine records were identified and screened. Fifty-four of these did not meet inclusion/exclusion criteria, leaving fifteen full-text articles that we assessed …

Arc Sac Advisory Pulse Check For Cardiac Arrest, Sarah Clarke, Richard N. Bradley, Siobán Kennedy

Richard N Bradley

One good quality study (LOE 4) supports omitting a pulse check after defibrillation for patients in cardiac arrest.

One fair quality study (LOE 4) opposes the performance of simultaneous as opposed to sequential pulse and breathing check to determine cardiac arrest.

There is insufficient evidence to support a recommendation on the preferred method for the initial determination of cardiac arrest.

CPR courses should specifically teach the recognition of agonal breathing and the understanding that agonal breathing is not normal breathing and that it indicates the need for CPR.