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Articles 1 - 30 of 579
Full-Text Articles in Diseases
Diet Quality As Assessed By The Healthy Eating Index-2020 Among Individuals Diagnosed With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Minghao Zhou, Hairui Yu, Renee Underwood, Hongning Cai, Tung Sung Tseng, Susu Luo
Diet Quality As Assessed By The Healthy Eating Index-2020 Among Individuals Diagnosed With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Minghao Zhou, Hairui Yu, Renee Underwood, Hongning Cai, Tung Sung Tseng, Susu Luo
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Background: Dietary management is key to preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, few studies have examined differences in Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2020) scores and components among individuals with and without diagnosed T2DM. This study aimed to assess gender differences in HEI-2020 scores and its 13 components by T2DM status. Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2018, this cross-sectional study analyzed 19,464 adults. Diagnosed T2DM was identified via self-report or diabetes medication use. Diet quality was assessed using the HEI-2020, scored from 0 to 100, with a higher HEI score indicates …
Spatially Distinct Cellular And Molecular Landscapes Define Prognosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Kavitha Mukund, Darya Veraksa, David Frankhouser, Lixin Yang, Jerneja Tomsic, Raju Pillai, Srijan Atti, Zahra Mesrizadeh, Daniel Schmolze, Jovanny Zabaleta, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Mary-Anne Leblanc, Lucio Miele, Augusto Ochoa, Victoria Seewaldt, Shankar Subramaniam
Spatially Distinct Cellular And Molecular Landscapes Define Prognosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Kavitha Mukund, Darya Veraksa, David Frankhouser, Lixin Yang, Jerneja Tomsic, Raju Pillai, Srijan Atti, Zahra Mesrizadeh, Daniel Schmolze, Jovanny Zabaleta, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Mary-Anne Leblanc, Lucio Miele, Augusto Ochoa, Victoria Seewaldt, Shankar Subramaniam
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a prevalent breast cancer subtype with the lowest 5-year survival. Several factors influence outcomes, but their inherent molecular and cellular heterogeneity are increasingly acknowledged as crucial determinants. Here, we report on the spatio-molecular heterogeneity underlying TNBC tumors in a retrospective, treatment-naive cohort with differential prognoses (17 good prognoses [GPx] >15-year survival and 15 poor prognoses [PPx] < 3-year survival]) profiled using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler. Analyses reveal that epithelial and microenvironment (TME) states are transcriptionally distinct between groups. Invasive GPx epithelia show an increase in immune transcripts, with a more immune-rich TME (via IF). PPx epithelia, in contrast, are more metabolically and translationally active, with a mesenchymal/fibrotic TME. Pre-cancerous epithelia in PPx exhibit a presence of aggressiveness, marked by increased EMT signaling and complement activity. We identify distinct epithelial gene signatures for PPx and GPx that can accurately classify diagnostic samples and likely inform therapy.
Nature-Based Approaches To Dementia, Cognitive Impairment, And Caregiver Well-Being: A Scoping Review Of Gardening And Therapeutic Strategies, Mary Dioise Ramos, Marcy Purnell, Jolie Harris, Gloria Giarratano
Nature-Based Approaches To Dementia, Cognitive Impairment, And Caregiver Well-Being: A Scoping Review Of Gardening And Therapeutic Strategies, Mary Dioise Ramos, Marcy Purnell, Jolie Harris, Gloria Giarratano
School of Nursing Faculty Publications
Background: Dementia is a growing global health concern, with behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) contributing significantly to diminished quality of life and caregiver burden. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as gardening and nature-based therapies, are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential. Objectives: This scoping review aimed to: (1) map existing evidence on gardening and garden-based interventions for individuals with dementia; (2) assess impacts on caregivers; (3) identify mechanisms of benefit; and (4) summarize effective design and implementation strategies. Methods: Following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across five databases. Studies were screened using Covidence. Inclusion criteria …
Synergistic Anti-Tumor Activity Of Ciclopirox Olamine And Metformin In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Yakun Wu, Hui Lyu, Congcong Tan, Margaret E. Larsen, Shou Ching Tang, Shile Huang, Bolin Liu
Synergistic Anti-Tumor Activity Of Ciclopirox Olamine And Metformin In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Yakun Wu, Hui Lyu, Congcong Tan, Margaret E. Larsen, Shou Ching Tang, Shile Huang, Bolin Liu
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Alcohol And The Endocrine System: A Critical Review Of Disruptions, Potential Mechanisms, And Health Implications, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon
Alcohol And The Endocrine System: A Critical Review Of Disruptions, Potential Mechanisms, And Health Implications, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
The endocrine system coordinates and integrates cellular activity throughout the body by regulating cellular and organ function and maintaining homeostasis. Homeostasis, the dynamic maintenance of internal balance despite changing external or internal conditions, is essential for proper cellular function. The endocrine system achieves this through a complex regulatory network of hormone-mediated signaling among multiple endocrine organs, relying on precisely regulated synthesis and release of hormones and specific hormone-receptor interactions. Endocrine-mediated actions coordinate critical physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress adaptation, and circadian rhythms throughout the lifespan. Endocrine glands—such as the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, and …
Zoliflodacin Versus Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Urogenital Gonorrhoea: An International, Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Luckey, Manica Balasegaram, Lindley A. Barbee, Teresa A. Batteiger, Helen Broadhurst, Stephanie E. Cohen, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Henry J.C. De Vries, Jodie A. Dionne, Katherine Gill, Chris Kenyon, Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn, Drew Lewis, John P. Mueller, Vimla Naicker, Seamus O'Brien, John P. O'Donnell, Nittaya Phanuphak, Elizabeth Spooner, Subasree Srinivasan, Stephanie N. Taylor, Magnus Unemo, Zinhle Zwane, Edward W. Hook, Zoliflodacin Phase 3 Study Group
Zoliflodacin Versus Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Urogenital Gonorrhoea: An International, Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Luckey, Manica Balasegaram, Lindley A. Barbee, Teresa A. Batteiger, Helen Broadhurst, Stephanie E. Cohen, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Henry J.C. De Vries, Jodie A. Dionne, Katherine Gill, Chris Kenyon, Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn, Drew Lewis, John P. Mueller, Vimla Naicker, Seamus O'Brien, John P. O'Donnell, Nittaya Phanuphak, Elizabeth Spooner, Subasree Srinivasan, Stephanie N. Taylor, Magnus Unemo, Zinhle Zwane, Edward W. Hook, Zoliflodacin Phase 3 Study Group
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background Development of new treatments for gonorrhoea is a global public health priority. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin in patients with uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea. Methods In this phase 3, multinational, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial, participants aged 12 years and older with clinical suspicion of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea were eligible for inclusion. The trial was done in 17 outpatient clinics in Belgium, the Netherlands, South Africa, Thailand, and the USA. Participating countries with high disease prevalence were identified for participation in the study. Sites selected for participation were led by …
The Vascular Density/Angiogenesis Marker Cd31/Pecam1 Does Not Correlate With Overall Survival In Neuroendocrine Tumors, Nicholas J. Skill, Kenneth Avanzino, Yvette Bren-Mattison, J. Philip Boudreaux, Ramcharan Thiagarajan, Mary Maluccio
The Vascular Density/Angiogenesis Marker Cd31/Pecam1 Does Not Correlate With Overall Survival In Neuroendocrine Tumors, Nicholas J. Skill, Kenneth Avanzino, Yvette Bren-Mattison, J. Philip Boudreaux, Ramcharan Thiagarajan, Mary Maluccio
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Abstract: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare cancers. CD31/PECAM1 is an adhesion molecule that modulates endothelial cell-to-cell contact. Increased CD31 expression is a marker for tumor growth, and cancer aggressiveness. The purpose of this study was to better understand the prognostic value of CD31 expression in primary and metastatic NEN tumors in terms of correlations with overall survival and pathological metrics, tumor grade, and tumor primary/metastatic location. As NENs are highly vascular tumors, the hypothesis is that CD31 staining is an important prognostic biomarker and target. This is based on prior correlations between CD31 staining and 3-year recurrence-free survival in pancreas …
The Role Of Extracellular Vesicles As Diagnostic Tools In Gut-Brain Axis Disorders, Patricia Marçal Da Costa, Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes, Gabriella Cunha Vieira Ciurleo, José Wagner Leonel Tavares Junior, Pedro Braga Neto, Ludmila Belayev, Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
The Role Of Extracellular Vesicles As Diagnostic Tools In Gut-Brain Axis Disorders, Patricia Marçal Da Costa, Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes, Gabriella Cunha Vieira Ciurleo, José Wagner Leonel Tavares Junior, Pedro Braga Neto, Ludmila Belayev, Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
The gut–brain axis represents a dynamic two-way signaling network whose dysregulation has been implicated in a wide range of neurogastrointestinal disorders. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular signaling and as promising non-invasive biomarkers. Derived from host and microbial cells, EVs carry bioactive cargo—including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites—that reflect the physiological or pathological state of their cells of origin. Their ability to cross biological barriers, such as the blood–brain barrier, underscores their potential for diagnosing and monitoring gut–brain axis dysfunctions. In this mini-review, we integrate microbial and brain-derived EVs within the framework …
The Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy On Perioperative Outcomes In Rectal Cancer Patients Following Stoma Reversal-A Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Mary Junak, Rosemarie Turk, Mohammad Afaque Alam, Eli Thompson, David Schaub, Joseph Gunderson, Anesu S. Masango, Srikar Kollipara, Andrea Moreno, Daniom Tecle, Valentine N. Nfonsam
The Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy On Perioperative Outcomes In Rectal Cancer Patients Following Stoma Reversal-A Retrospective Cohort Analysis, Mary Junak, Rosemarie Turk, Mohammad Afaque Alam, Eli Thompson, David Schaub, Joseph Gunderson, Anesu S. Masango, Srikar Kollipara, Andrea Moreno, Daniom Tecle, Valentine N. Nfonsam
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Anastomotic leak after reversal of an ostomy is a significant complication in rectal cancer patients. The effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on outcomes following stoma reversal are not well established. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of NCRT on outcomes in rectal cancer patients following stoma reversal. METHODS: We performed a [2005-2012] retrospective cohort analysis of the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP), including adult (≥18 years) rectal cancer patients who had elective stoma reversal. Patients were stratified into those who received NCRT and those who did not. Primary outcomes were anastomotic …
Inflammatory Co-Regulation Of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels And Na,K-Atpase In Metastatic Breast Cancer, Steven D. Scahill, Kelly Jean Sherman, Dennis Paul
Inflammatory Co-Regulation Of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels And Na,K-Atpase In Metastatic Breast Cancer, Steven D. Scahill, Kelly Jean Sherman, Dennis Paul
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Sodium regulation is a potentially major driver of cancer metastasis. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and Na,K-ATPase are sodium transporters that are upregulated in many advanced carcinomas and are implicated as metastatic drivers. However, little is known about what drives this overexpression, how these proteins influence metastatic behavior, or whether these complementary sodium transporters are co-regulated in cancer. Using sodium transporter regulation in healthy neurons as a model, the present study demonstrated that the inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) affects the expression of VGSCs and Na,K-ATPase in an in vitro model of metastatic breast cancer. Acute TNFα challenge increased …
Us Drug Policy Does Not Align With Experts' Rankings Of Drug Harms: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Michael Broman, Alan K. Davis, Stacey Armstrong, Adam Levin, Kaltum Ahmed, Gustavo A. Angarita, Brooke J. Arterberry, Cecilia Bergeria, Mitch Earleywine, Kathryn S. Gex, Tom Gregoire, Jamey J. Lister, David S. Mathai, Nicky J. Mehtani, Nathan Menke, Charles D. Nichols, Hillary Shaub, Alayna P. Tackett, Brandon Weiss, Nefize Yalin, Lawrence D. Phillips
Us Drug Policy Does Not Align With Experts' Rankings Of Drug Harms: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Michael Broman, Alan K. Davis, Stacey Armstrong, Adam Levin, Kaltum Ahmed, Gustavo A. Angarita, Brooke J. Arterberry, Cecilia Bergeria, Mitch Earleywine, Kathryn S. Gex, Tom Gregoire, Jamey J. Lister, David S. Mathai, Nicky J. Mehtani, Nathan Menke, Charles D. Nichols, Hillary Shaub, Alayna P. Tackett, Brandon Weiss, Nefize Yalin, Lawrence D. Phillips
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background United States drug policy is primarily based on the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and largely contradicts scientific evidence about how to mitigate drugs' harms. Expert consensus on drug harms could inform policy that improves the health of people who use drugs while reducing negative societal impacts of drug use. Therefore, this study adapted and extended the relevant 2010 United Kingdom multi-criteria decision analysis, rating drug harms by criteria comprising health and social impacts to people who use drugs and their families, communities, and society.Methods Seventeen experts on drug use in the US, including three with lived experience of …
Isg15 Dysregulates Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Contacts And Calcium Homeostasis In Ataxia Telangiectasia, Oygul Mirzalieva, Ryan E. Reed, Arthur L. Haas, Meredith A. Juncker, Patrick Logarbo, Jennifer M. Klein, David Worthylake, Shyamal D. Desai
Isg15 Dysregulates Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Contacts And Calcium Homeostasis In Ataxia Telangiectasia, Oygul Mirzalieva, Ryan E. Reed, Arthur L. Haas, Meredith A. Juncker, Patrick Logarbo, Jennifer M. Klein, David Worthylake, Shyamal D. Desai
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial (ER:Mit) contacts and mitochondrial calcium (mitCa2+) homeostasis are found in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T). However, the cellular basis of these defects remains unclear. Previously, we demonstrated that the aberrantly elevated Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) pathway inhibits protein polyubiquitylation, its dependent protein turnover, and mitophagy pathways in A-T. Literature indicates that silencing of mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase 1 (MUL1) stabilizes mitofusin2 (MFN2) and attenuates mitCa2+ uptake from ER to Mit (mitCa2+influx) in primary neurons. We have replicated these findings in apparently healthy fibroblasts. We hypothesized that elevated ISG15 may inhibit ubiquitin-dependent MUL1-mediated degradation …
Microglial Expression Of Serotonin Receptors Reveals Parallel Regulation Of 5-Ht2b And Bdnf In The Rat Hippocampus, Andrei Turkin, Maria Sidorova, Ekaterina Kurilova, Natalia Alenina, Oksana Tuchina, Friederike Klempin
Microglial Expression Of Serotonin Receptors Reveals Parallel Regulation Of 5-Ht2b And Bdnf In The Rat Hippocampus, Andrei Turkin, Maria Sidorova, Ekaterina Kurilova, Natalia Alenina, Oksana Tuchina, Friederike Klempin
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Growing evidence suggests that psychiatric disorders are characterized by a prolonged inflammatory state, which may influence the efficacy of compounds targeting serotonin. Serotonin is a key signaling molecule in neuroplasticity of the adult hippocampus and involved in antidepressant action. Recent in vitro studies indicate the neurotransmitter may also facilitate the response to inflammation and potentially modulate microglial function towards neuroprotection. Using Tph2−/− rats depleted of brain serotonin, we examined microglial expression of various serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) in vivo in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and assessed mRNA levels of cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We observed age-dependent and …
Role Of Gut Microbiome In Oncogenesis And Oncotherapies, Renuka Sri Sai Peddireddi, Sai Kiran Kuchana, Rohith Kode, Saketh Khammammettu, Aishwarya Koppanatham, Supriya Mattigiri, Harshavardhan Gobburi, Suresh K. Alahari
Role Of Gut Microbiome In Oncogenesis And Oncotherapies, Renuka Sri Sai Peddireddi, Sai Kiran Kuchana, Rohith Kode, Saketh Khammammettu, Aishwarya Koppanatham, Supriya Mattigiri, Harshavardhan Gobburi, Suresh K. Alahari
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
The gut microbiome has emerged as a key regulator of human health, influencing not only metabolism and immunity but also the development and treatment of cancer. Mounting evidence suggests that microbial dysbiosis contributes to oncogenesis by driving chronic inflammation, producing genotoxic metabolites, altering bile acid metabolism, and disrupting epithelial barrier integrity. At the same time, the gut microbiome significantly modulates the host response to oncotherapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and especially immunotherapy, where microbial diversity and specific taxa determine treatment efficacy and toxicity. This review synthesizes current evidence on the role of the gut microbiome in both oncogenesis and oncotherapies, focusing …
Incidental Cardiac Metastasis In Breast Carcinoma, Yaomin Chen, Haibo Wang, Zhiyan Fu, Ellen Elizabeth Connor
Incidental Cardiac Metastasis In Breast Carcinoma, Yaomin Chen, Haibo Wang, Zhiyan Fu, Ellen Elizabeth Connor
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background and Clinical Significance: Metastatic breast cancer is a major global health burden, with common metastatic sites including the bones, lungs, liver, and brain. Cardiac metastasis is rare and often clinically silent, leading to underdiagnosis. Recognizing cardiac involvement, even when asymptomatic, is important for understanding the full extent of disease and ensuring optimal patient care. Case Presentation: We report the case of a woman with advanced breast carcinoma who showed no clinical or imaging evidence of cardiac involvement throughout the course of her illness. Following her death from progressive metastatic disease, an autopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma infiltrating the myocardium and …
Regulation Of Insm1 Gene Expression And Neuroendocrine Differentiation In High-Risk Neuroblastoma, Chiachen Chen, Siyuan Cheng, Xiuping Yu, Yisheng Lee, Michael S. Lan
Regulation Of Insm1 Gene Expression And Neuroendocrine Differentiation In High-Risk Neuroblastoma, Chiachen Chen, Siyuan Cheng, Xiuping Yu, Yisheng Lee, Michael S. Lan
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Neuroblastoma (NB), a pediatric cancer of sympatho-adrenal (SA) lineage, is marked by disrupted differentiation and cellular heterogeneity. INSM1, a zinc-finger transcription factor, is highly expressed in NB and developing SA tissues, where it regulates neuroendocrine differentiation, especially in chromaffin cells. We investigated INSM1's role in maintaining an undifferentiated, progenitor-like state in NB and its regulation via metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms. Transcriptomic profiling, promoter assays, and metabolic flux analysis revealed that INSM1 expression correlates with methionine cycle activity, particularly the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)/S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) ratio. Disruption of SAM/SAH balance altered INSM1 promoter activity and histone methylation, implicating epigenetic control in NB cell …
Long Covid Incidence Across Sars-Cov-2 Lineages And Identification Of Conserved Spike Targets For Multivalent Vaccines, Grace J. Kim, Md Ashad Alam, Judy S. Crabtree, Rebecca Rose, Susanna L. Lamers, San Chu, Ronald Horswell, Daniel Fort, Lucio Miele
Long Covid Incidence Across Sars-Cov-2 Lineages And Identification Of Conserved Spike Targets For Multivalent Vaccines, Grace J. Kim, Md Ashad Alam, Judy S. Crabtree, Rebecca Rose, Susanna L. Lamers, San Chu, Ronald Horswell, Daniel Fort, Lucio Miele
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Background: Long COVID remains poorly characterized at the genomic level. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between viral sequences and the incidence of Long COVID at a tertiary care center in Louisiana between April 2020 and December 2022. A secondary aim was analysis of the Spike protein to identify conserved regions for multivalent vaccine targets. Method: To estimate Long COVID incidence across variants, we linked 4,789 SARS-CoV-2 sequences to 3,090 de-identified patient electronic health record information. The base population was defined as any patient with an International Classification of Diseases-10-Clinical Modification COVID-19 diagnosis code (U07.1) …
Osteoprogenitor Cells From Non-Regenerative Bone Show Greater Resistance To Cellular Stress Than Those From Regenerative Bone, Joshua Broussard, Sylvia Culpepper, Tyrel Long, Alexander J. Trostle, Robert J. Tower, Mimi C. Sammarco, Jennifer Simkin
Osteoprogenitor Cells From Non-Regenerative Bone Show Greater Resistance To Cellular Stress Than Those From Regenerative Bone, Joshua Broussard, Sylvia Culpepper, Tyrel Long, Alexander J. Trostle, Robert J. Tower, Mimi C. Sammarco, Jennifer Simkin
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
INTRODUCTION: Bone regeneration following injury depends on osteoprogenitor cells derived predominantly from the periosteum. Incomplete regeneration has been attributed to both cell-extrinsic factors (e.g., environment, inflammation, mechanical instability) and cell-intrinsic factors (e.g., impaired proliferation or differentiation of stem cells). In the digit amputation mouse model, amputation through the third phalanx (P3) supports complete regeneration, while amputation through the second phalanx (P2) results in callus formation and scarring. Periosteal cells are known to be the major contributing cell source for repair and regeneration. Yet the healing outcomes of P2 and P3 amputations are significantly different. This study tests whether P2 and …
Transient Neuromonitoring Changes And Delayed Vertebrobasilar Infarction Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Illustrative Case, Jacob M. Chaisson, Jack A. Leoni, Ellery A. Hayden, Gabriel C. Tender, Amit K. Bhandutia
Transient Neuromonitoring Changes And Delayed Vertebrobasilar Infarction Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Illustrative Case, Jacob M. Chaisson, Jack A. Leoni, Ellery A. Hayden, Gabriel C. Tender, Amit K. Bhandutia
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common spinal procedure with a well-established safety profile. While direct vertebral artery injury is rare and typically recognized intraoperatively, delayed posterior circulation stroke is an even less common but major complication. In patients with risk factors for vascular disease, vascular stress from surgical manipulation may predispose them to thromboembolic events that are not immediately apparent. Transient intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) changes may represent early, underrecognized indicators of such vascular compromise. OBSERVATIONS: The authors present the case of a 61-year-old male who underwent elective three-level ACDF for degenerative cervical myelopathy. During cage placement, …
Genomic Ascertainment Of Chek2 -Related Cancer Predisposition, Sunyoung Kim, Jung Kim, Mark Ramos, Jeremy Haley, Diane Smelser, H. Shanker Rao, Uyenlinh L. Mirshahi, Katherine L. Nathanson, Barry I. Graubard, Hormuzd A. Katki, David Carey, Douglas R. Stewart
Genomic Ascertainment Of Chek2 -Related Cancer Predisposition, Sunyoung Kim, Jung Kim, Mark Ramos, Jeremy Haley, Diane Smelser, H. Shanker Rao, Uyenlinh L. Mirshahi, Katherine L. Nathanson, Barry I. Graubard, Hormuzd A. Katki, David Carey, Douglas R. Stewart
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Importance: There is clear evidence that deleterious germline variants in CHEK2 increase risk for breast and prostate cancers; there is limited or conflicting evidence for other cancers. Objective: To quantify the prevalence of as well as cancer risk and survival associated with CHEK2 germline pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants using genomic ascertainment. Design, Setting, and Participants: This case-control study used 2 electronic health record-linked and exome-sequenced biobanks: UK Biobank (n = 469765) and Geisinger MyCode (adults only; n = 167050). Variants were classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology criteria. Cases …
Lycopene, Race And Periodontitis: Disparities In Older Adults, Katherine Kwong, You Lu, Zhuo Huan Li, Susu Luo, Zhaoyu Huang, Zhong Chen, Na Zhao, Tung Sung Tseng
Lycopene, Race And Periodontitis: Disparities In Older Adults, Katherine Kwong, You Lu, Zhuo Huan Li, Susu Luo, Zhaoyu Huang, Zhong Chen, Na Zhao, Tung Sung Tseng
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Background Periodontitis is a severe gum disease that can be an indicator of other health conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Lycopene has been suggested as an adjunct therapy for periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the association between insufficient lycopene intake and the risk of Periodontitis among non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) older adults. Methods The study included 1,227 adults aged 65–79 years from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2009–2014). Total lycopene intake from daily diet was studied with age, race, marital status, smoking status, BMI, diabetes, sex, and education as independent variables in …
Dermal Lymphatic Carcinomatosis As A Cutaneous Metastasis From Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Sarah A. Hemelt, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta
Dermal Lymphatic Carcinomatosis As A Cutaneous Metastasis From Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Sarah A. Hemelt, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Cutaneous metastases are an uncommon but clinically significant manifestation of internal malignancies. We present a rare case of dermal lymphatic carcinomatosis arising from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive lung adenocarcinoma, a presentation that may closely mimic inflammatory dermatoses and indicate therapeutic resistance or disease progression. We describe the clinical course of a 65-year-old woman who developed a violaceous cutaneous metastatic lesion beneath the left breast during treatment for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights the importance of recognizing cutaneous signs as indicators of disease progression and emphasizes the diagnostic challenges and prognostic implications of cutaneous metastases in lung cancer.
Safety And Feasibility Of Talimogene Laherparepvec In Peritoneal Surface Malignancies: Results From The Tempo Trial, John H. Stewart, Donna Niedzwiecki, Melissa Lowe, Ashley Moyer, Emily Bolch, Shannon Diane Maclaughlan, Edward A. Levine, Omeed Moaven, Niharika Mettu, John H. Strickler, Dan G. Blazer
Safety And Feasibility Of Talimogene Laherparepvec In Peritoneal Surface Malignancies: Results From The Tempo Trial, John H. Stewart, Donna Niedzwiecki, Melissa Lowe, Ashley Moyer, Emily Bolch, Shannon Diane Maclaughlan, Edward A. Levine, Omeed Moaven, Niharika Mettu, John H. Strickler, Dan G. Blazer
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs) remain a therapeutic challenge, particularly in patients with unresectable disease who cannot benefit from cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The Talimogene Laherparepvec for the Treatment of Peritoneal Surface Malignancies (TEMPO) trial (NCT03663712) is the first phase 1, multicenter, open-label study to evaluate intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an FDA-approved oncolytic virus, in this setting. Nineteen patients with unresectable PSMs from appendiceal, ovarian, small bowel, and peritoneal carcinomas were enrolled; 18 received treatment across three escalating dose cohorts (4 × 10-4×10 PFU). The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, with secondary endpoints assessing viral …
Presentation, Diagnosis, And Acute Treatment Of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report, Alexandra Bartholomew, Michael Connick, Catherine Loehr, Shane Sanne
Presentation, Diagnosis, And Acute Treatment Of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report, Alexandra Bartholomew, Michael Connick, Catherine Loehr, Shane Sanne
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, immunologically driven disorder with a high mortality rate. It is typically diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with multiple previous hospitalizations for fever of unknown origin and fatigue. Her workup ultimately led to a diagnosis of HLH. We discuss the presentation, diagnostic criteria, and clinical treatment of secondary HLH to guide workup and management for future patients affected by this rare disease.
Identification Of Predictive Pretreatment Biomarkers For Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response In Latino Invasive Breast Cancer Patients, Hedda Michelle Guevara-Nieto, Rafael Parra-Medina, Carlos A. Orozco, Sandra Diaz-Casas, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Liliana López-Kleine, Alba L. Combita
Identification Of Predictive Pretreatment Biomarkers For Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response In Latino Invasive Breast Cancer Patients, Hedda Michelle Guevara-Nieto, Rafael Parra-Medina, Carlos A. Orozco, Sandra Diaz-Casas, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Liliana López-Kleine, Alba L. Combita
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: Breast cancer (BC) exhibits significant heterogeneity in incidence and mortality worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for locally advanced BC; however, its efficacy varies by subtype. This study examined the gene expression profiles associated with NAC response in Colombian women with invasive BC. Methods: RNA sequencing of pre-treatment tissues from 58 patients (29 responders and 29 non-responders) identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each molecular subtype, and prognostic performance was evaluated using risk scores. Results: Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the immune system pathways in non-responders. Changes in cytokine target activity and immune cell populations were analyzed to …
Conservative Vs Invasive Interventions For Temporomandibular Disorders–An Executive Summary Of The Clinical Practice Guideline, Gary D. Klasser, Charles S. Greene
Conservative Vs Invasive Interventions For Temporomandibular Disorders–An Executive Summary Of The Clinical Practice Guideline, Gary D. Klasser, Charles S. Greene
School of Dentistry Faculty Publications
This guideline is based on the International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (IADR) list of keypoints for the diagnosis and management of TMDs. Clinical Question: Are conservative reversible therapies more effective for TMDs as compared to invasive and irreversible interventions?
Are E-Cigarettes A Safer Alternative? Revisiting The Cardiovascular Cost Of Nicotine Delivery, Jason D. Gardner
Are E-Cigarettes A Safer Alternative? Revisiting The Cardiovascular Cost Of Nicotine Delivery, Jason D. Gardner
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Rare Case Of Severe Disseminated Pyoderma Gangrenosum Of The Upper Body With Concurrent Nasopharyngeal And Inferior Orbital Wall Necrosis, Robert M. Branstetter, Isabel E. Baird, Mohammed S. Rais, Danielle N. Ledet, Megan N. Terrebonne
A Rare Case Of Severe Disseminated Pyoderma Gangrenosum Of The Upper Body With Concurrent Nasopharyngeal And Inferior Orbital Wall Necrosis, Robert M. Branstetter, Isabel E. Baird, Mohammed S. Rais, Danielle N. Ledet, Megan N. Terrebonne
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis usually linked to autoimmune or inflammatory bowel disease and typically affects the lower extremities. This case is notable for extensive upper-body, oropharyngeal, and nasal involvement in a patient without an underlying autoimmune disorder. A 56-year-old man with chronic cocaine use and stage IV renal cell carcinoma presented with rapidly progressive ulcerations of the face, neck, shoulders, and back, along with nasal septal collapse and oropharyngeal destruction. Prior biopsy demonstrated sterile neutrophilic inflammation without vasculitis, infection, or malignant infiltration, supporting PG as a diagnosis of exclusion. Imaging showed erosive sinonasal disease. He was …
Endothelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles During Exercise In Copd Patients, Samuel C Okpechi, Dorota Wyczechowska, Bennett Deboisblanc, Jessica L Johnson, Mohamed A Ghonim, Natalie Bauer, Hamid A Boulares, Matthew R Lammi
Endothelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles During Exercise In Copd Patients, Samuel C Okpechi, Dorota Wyczechowska, Bennett Deboisblanc, Jessica L Johnson, Mohamed A Ghonim, Natalie Bauer, Hamid A Boulares, Matthew R Lammi
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Introduction: There are no treatments directly targeting the pulmonary vasculature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and further characterization of the underlying endothelial cell (EC) abnormalities could be helpful in drug development. Methods: We investigated the influence of exercise and the prostacyclin analog iloprost on extracellular vesicles derived from ECs (eEVs) in 15 moderate–severe COPD patients who were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of iloprost. Results: Active smokers had a profile consistent with inflammatory-derived EVs, while exacerbation-prone COPD subjects had a profile consistent with apoptosis-derived eEVs. There were no significant effects of iloprost on eEV levels. However, there …
Proteome-Wide Association Study Of Prostate Cancer Risk Across Populations, Hua Zhong, Jingjing Zhu, Shuai Liu, Chong Wu, Liang Wang, Seamus P. Whelton, Catherine H. Marshall, Michael J. Blaha, Peter Durda, Xiuqing Guo, Craig W. Johnson, Henry J. Lin, Kent D. Taylor, Russell P. Tracy, Ronit I. Yarden, Ani W. Manichaikul, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Rajat Deo, Ruth F. Dubin, Peter Ganz, Lang Wu
Proteome-Wide Association Study Of Prostate Cancer Risk Across Populations, Hua Zhong, Jingjing Zhu, Shuai Liu, Chong Wu, Liang Wang, Seamus P. Whelton, Catherine H. Marshall, Michael J. Blaha, Peter Durda, Xiuqing Guo, Craig W. Johnson, Henry J. Lin, Kent D. Taylor, Russell P. Tracy, Ronit I. Yarden, Ani W. Manichaikul, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Rajat Deo, Ruth F. Dubin, Peter Ganz, Lang Wu
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
There is insufficient understanding of the molecular basis of prostate cancer (PCa) across different populations. We perform a large-scale proteome-wide association study (PWAS) to identify proteins with genetically regulated expression in plasma to be associated with PCa risk across populations. We develop genetic prediction models for expression of 1578, 1993, 1218, and 1390 proteins for African (n = 450), European (n = 758), Asian (n = 289), and Hispanic/Latino (n = 474) males, respectively, and evaluate associations of genetically regulated protein expression with PCa risk in 19,391 PCa cases and 61,608 controls of African population, 122,188 cases and 604,640 controls …