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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Diseases
Statin Utilization And Cardiovascular Outcomes In A Real-World Primary Prevention Cohort Of Older Adults, Aaron J. Walker, Jianhui Zhu, Floyd Thoma, Oscar Marroquin, Amber Makani, Martha Gulati, Eugenia Gianos, Salim S. Virani, Fatima Rodriguez, Steven E. Reis, Christie Ballantyne
Statin Utilization And Cardiovascular Outcomes In A Real-World Primary Prevention Cohort Of Older Adults, Aaron J. Walker, Jianhui Zhu, Floyd Thoma, Oscar Marroquin, Amber Makani, Martha Gulati, Eugenia Gianos, Salim S. Virani, Fatima Rodriguez, Steven E. Reis, Christie Ballantyne
Office of the Provost
Background: Statins are a cost-effective therapy for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Guidelines on statins for primary prevention are unclear for older adults (>75 years).
Objective: Investigate statin utility in older adults without ASCVD events, by risk stratifying in a large healthcare network.
Methods: We included 8,114 older adults, without CAD, PVD or ischemic stroke. Statin utilization based on ACC/AHA 10-year ASCVD risk calculation, was evaluated in intermediate (7.5%-19.9%) and high-risk patients (≥ 20%); and categorized using low and 'moderate or high' intensity statins with a follow up period of ∼7 years. Cox regression models were used to …
Differing Radiation Exposure In Scrub Technicians And Rotating Staff In Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Occupation Matters, Nasir Rahman, Maleeha Javed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Khan, Zeenat Nizar, Izat Shah
Differing Radiation Exposure In Scrub Technicians And Rotating Staff In Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Occupation Matters, Nasir Rahman, Maleeha Javed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Khan, Zeenat Nizar, Izat Shah
Section of Cardiology
Background: Radiation exposure is a significant hazard associated with invasive Cardiology, with most studies based on primary operator exposure. This prospective, observational study aimed to find out over lead radiation exposure as effective dose acquired by non-physician staff comprising scrub technicians and rotating staff in the cath laboratory. Effective dose (ED) measured per procedure via Raysafe i2®dosimeter badges worn by both rotating staff and scrub technicians over lead aprons along with dose area product (DAP), fluoroscopy time (FT) and procedure time (PT) in minutes was collected prospectively over forty-six invasive Cardiology procedures.
Results: This study shows that rotating staff acquire …
Association Of Cardiovascular Risk Profile With Premature All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In Us Adults: Findings From A National Study, Ryan T. Nguyen, Vardhmaan Jain, Isaac Acquah, Safi U. Khan, Tarang Parekh, Mohamad Taha, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Zulqarnain Javed Zulqarnain Javed
Association Of Cardiovascular Risk Profile With Premature All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In Us Adults: Findings From A National Study, Ryan T. Nguyen, Vardhmaan Jain, Isaac Acquah, Safi U. Khan, Tarang Parekh, Mohamad Taha, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Zulqarnain Javed Zulqarnain Javed
Office of the Provost
Objective: To assess the association between cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) profile and premature all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among US adults (age < 65).
Methods: This study used data from the National Health Interview Survey from 2006 to 2014, linked to the National Death Index for non-elderly adults aged < 65 years. A composite CRF score (range = 0-6) was calculated, based on the presence or absence of six established cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, obesity, and insufficient physical activity. CRF profile was defined as "Poor" (≥ 3 risk factors), "Average" (1-2), or "Optimal" (0 risk factors). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were reported across CRF profile categories, separately for all-cause and CVD mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between CRF profile and all-cause and CVD mortality.
Results: Among 195,901 non-elderly individuals (mean age: 40.4 ± 13.0, 50% females and 70% Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults), 24.8% had optimal, 58.9% average, and 16.2% poor CRF profiles, respectively. Participants with poor CRF profile were more likely to be NH Black, have lower educational attainment and lower income compared to those with …
Effect Of Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone On Intraocular Pressure: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Altamash Shahriyar Ghazanfar, Aly Hamza Khowaja, Haroon Tayyab
Effect Of Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone On Intraocular Pressure: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Altamash Shahriyar Ghazanfar, Aly Hamza Khowaja, Haroon Tayyab
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Background: Triamcinolone acetonide is a synthetic corticosteroid with multiple ocular uses. Like other corticosteroids, it too is associated with ocular side effects such as increased intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma and cataracts. Suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone is hoped to reduce the ocular side effects of the drug, especially rises in IOP. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aims to study this phenomenon.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of suprachoroidal triamcinolone injections on IOP.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: We utilized the Medline, Scopus and Cochrane databases for this review. Studies published till June 2023, which …
Metabolic Syndrome And Obesity Among Marginalised School-Going Adolescents In Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hina Sharif, Sana Sharif Sheikh, Tooba Seemi, Hira Naeem, Unab Khan, Shah Sumaya Jan
Metabolic Syndrome And Obesity Among Marginalised School-Going Adolescents In Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hina Sharif, Sana Sharif Sheikh, Tooba Seemi, Hira Naeem, Unab Khan, Shah Sumaya Jan
Department of Family Medicine
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors which increase the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among adolescents living in slums aged 11-18 years in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: Data were collected from 689 adolescents attending five schools in two slum areas of Karachi, Korangi and Baldia, from February 2023 to March 2023. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were obtained from the study participants. Blood samples were collected to assess fasting plasma glucose, High density lipoprotein HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels as …
Building Research Capacity In Low- And Middle-Income Countries And Pandemic Preparedness: Lessons Learned And Future Directions, Peter H. Kilmarx, Karen A. Goralesk, Erum Khan, John F. Lindo, Nancy Gore Saravia
Building Research Capacity In Low- And Middle-Income Countries And Pandemic Preparedness: Lessons Learned And Future Directions, Peter H. Kilmarx, Karen A. Goralesk, Erum Khan, John F. Lindo, Nancy Gore Saravia
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Research capacity is a critical component of pandemic preparedness, as highlighted by the challenges faced during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Recent global initiatives, such as the Research & Development Task Force of the Global Health Security Agenda and the World Health Assembly's resolution on strengthening clinical trials, emphasize the need for robust research capabilities. This Perspective discusses the experiences of leaders in infectious disease research and capacity building in low- and middle-income countries, focusing on Colombia, Jamaica, and Pakistan. These case studies underscore the importance of collaborative efforts, interdisciplinary training, and global partnerships in pandemic response. The experiences …
Emerging Stroke Risk Factors: A Focus On Infectious And Environmental Determinants, Sajid Hameed, Nurose Karim, Mohammad Wasay, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian
Emerging Stroke Risk Factors: A Focus On Infectious And Environmental Determinants, Sajid Hameed, Nurose Karim, Mohammad Wasay, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian
Section of Neurology
This review focuses on emerging risk factors for stroke, including air pollution and climate change, gut microbiota, high altitude, and systemic infection. Up to 14% of all stroke-associated mortality is attributed to air pollution and is more pronounced in developing countries. Fine particulate matter and other air pollutants contribute to an increased stroke risk, and this risk appears to increase with higher levels and duration of exposure. Short term air pollution exposure has also been reported to increase the stroke risk. The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem of bacteria and other microorganisms that reside in the digestive system and …
Evaluating The Effect Of Maternal Non-Communicable Disease On Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Birthweight In Pakistan, A Facility Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Esther Wainwright, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Yousuf, Raheela Khan, Matthew Elmes
Evaluating The Effect Of Maternal Non-Communicable Disease On Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Birthweight In Pakistan, A Facility Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Esther Wainwright, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Yousuf, Raheela Khan, Matthew Elmes
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) claim 74% of global lives, disproportionately affecting lower and middle-income countries like Pakistan. NCDs may increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB), caesarean section (CS), and low birthweight. This study aims to determine whether the high prevalence of NCDs in Pakistan play a role in the high rates of preterm births, and CS. This retrospective cohort study from Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, investigated effects of pre-existing NCDs on pregnancy outcomes of 817 pregnant women. Medical records were used to generate odds ratios for the risk of PTB, labour outcome and birthweight in women with type 1 …
The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Global Neurosurgery Collaborations., Alvan Emeka Ukachukwu, Nancy Abu Bonsrah, Andreas Seas, Zoey Petitt, Romaric Waguia Kouam, Samantha Ramos, Alyssa Edwards, Di Deng, Michael Haglund, Mahmood Qureshi
The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Global Neurosurgery Collaborations., Alvan Emeka Ukachukwu, Nancy Abu Bonsrah, Andreas Seas, Zoey Petitt, Romaric Waguia Kouam, Samantha Ramos, Alyssa Edwards, Di Deng, Michael Haglund, Mahmood Qureshi
General Surgery, East Africa
No abstract provided.