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Full-Text Articles in Diseases
Effects Of Acculturation On Hiv/Aids Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Asian And Pacific Islander (Api) Women, Margaret Cabotage Salud
Effects Of Acculturation On Hiv/Aids Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Asian And Pacific Islander (Api) Women, Margaret Cabotage Salud
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background. In the US women are the fastest growing group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV and AIDS. In addition, the estimated AIDS cases among female adults and adolescents, aged 13-19, increased from 7% in 1985 to approximately 26% in 2002. Most infections occur by heterosexual transmission with 53% occurring through contact with a high-risk sexual partner. While overall HIV/AIDS rates in the Asian Pacific Islander (API) community remain low, they are rising and HIV testing rates, one of the major prevention strategies for HIV, are lower than that of other populations. Furthermore, very little is known about APIs …
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Sense Skin Injury And Promote Wound Healing Through Type I Interferons, Josh D. Gregorio
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Sense Skin Injury And Promote Wound Healing Through Type I Interferons, Josh D. Gregorio
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a rare population of circulating cells, which selectively express intracellular Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7 and TLR-9 and have the capacity to produce large amounts of type I IFNs (IFN-a/b) in response to viruses or host derived nucleic acid containing complexes. pDCs are normally absent in skin but accumulate in the skin of psoriasis patients where their chronic activation to produce IFN-a/b drives the disease formation. Whether pDCs and their activation to produce IFN-a/b play a functional role in healthy skin is unknown. Here we show that pDCs are rapidly and transiently recruited into healthy human and …
Immune Recognition Of Self Nucleic Acids Driven By Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides: Role In Autoimmunity, Dipyaman Ganguly
Immune Recognition Of Self Nucleic Acids Driven By Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides: Role In Autoimmunity, Dipyaman Ganguly
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Innate immune recognition of extracellular host-derived self-DNA and self-RNA is prevented by endosomal seclusion of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the dendritic cells (DCs). However, in psoriasis plasmacytoid dendritic cells have been found to be able to sense self-DNA molecules in complex with the endogenous cationic antimicrobial peptide LL37, which are internalized into the endosomal compartments and thus can access TLR9. We investigated whether this endogenous peptide can also interact with extracellular self-RNA and lead to DC activation. We found that LL37 binds self-RNA as well as self-DNA going into an electrostatic interaction; forms micro-aggregates of nano-scale particles protected from …
Small Molecule Inhibition Of Macrophage Tnf-A Release, Razwana Wahdat
Small Molecule Inhibition Of Macrophage Tnf-A Release, Razwana Wahdat
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-a) is a vital pro-inflammatory cytokine produced in response to the activation ofthe innate immune response via the Toll-like receptor signal transduction pathway. This thesis explores the release and inhibition of TNF-a from RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and human U937 cells that have been exposed to a potent activator of innate immunity. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a Gram negative bacterial endotoxin, in the presence or absence of proinflammatory cytokine interferon 'Y (IFN-y) as activators ofthe TLR-4 pathway, a robust release ofTNF a was observed. Co-incubation of stimulated macrophages with the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, sodium vanadate, resulted in …