Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Qualitative Study To Determine Quality Of Life Factors Based On Reported Efnep Sucess Stories, Megan L. Hlavacek

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of how adult participants describe quality of life during or after participation in the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) at sites across the United States. The study analyzed success stories submitted by EFNEP staff and participants from sites in nine states from the years 2004 to 2010. A total of 1,057 success stories were analyzed.

The success stories were descriptions of the participants’ experiences with EFNEP. The stories were analyzed by highlighting words, phrases, and/or sentences, and creating a short one to three word codes that would best …

A Pilot Study Of The Relationship Of Calcium Intake And Frequency Of Injuries In High School Athletes, Jeffrey K. Ebert

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Little information is available related to adolescent calcium intake and relationships with injuries they might suffer from sport participation. To determine calcium intake of high school athletes, to assess their self reported injury rates, and to examine the relationship between the two over a 12 month period of time. Participants received a questionnaire at their school and completed it anywhere they found convenient. Adolescent athletes in the Lincoln Public School system (n=43) that participated in at least one sport in the past year. Four age groups participated in the study with sixteen year olds having a significantly higher calcium intake …

A Qualitative Analysis Of Youth Feedback Of Nutrition School Enrichment Kits In Lincoln, Ne, Richard A. Losey

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A Qualitative Analysis of Youth Feedback of Nutrition School Enrichment Kits in Lincoln, NE Richard A. Losey, M.S. University of Nebraska, 2010 Advisor: Wanda M. Koszewski The qualitative analysis of the responses given by students participating in classrooms that used the Nutrition Education Program‟s (NEP) school enrichment kits was the primary focus of this research. Data was collected from the participants in written form. Three major themes appeared during analysis of the data, healthy eating habits, cleanliness and change. The theme of healthy eating habits is comprised of the following sub-themes: breakfast, nutrients, label reading, Food Guide Pyramid/MyPyramid and healthy …

Validity And Reliability Of An Omega-3 Fatty Acid Food Frequency Questionnaire For First-Generation Midwestern Latinas, Karina R. Lora, Nancy M. Lewis, Kent M. Eskridge, Kaye Stanek-Krogstrand, Paula K. Ritter-Gooder

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

This study tested the hypothesis that a culturally developed omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) could be an accurate instrument to capture n-3 fatty acid food intakes of first-generation Midwestern Latinas. The goal of the study was to assess validity and test-retest reliability of an FFQ to estimate total n-3 fatty acid (total n-3), α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intakes. An n-3 FFQ was developed and pilot tested. Two FFQs and 3 nonconsecutive 24-hour recalls were collected from 162 participants. Pearson correlation and paired t test were used to test the hypothesis. Correlation …

Regulation Of Atp Binding Cassette Transporter A1 And G1 Expression By Fatty Acids, Chai Siah Ku

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

High density lipoprotein (HDL) is an atheroprotective element which is critical in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway to eliminate excess cholesterol from the periphery of the body. A low plasma HDL cholesterol levels indicate a higher risk of getting cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Formation and metabolism of HDL largely rely on ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) that are transporters to facilitate the efflux of cellular cholesterol to outside of cells. ABCA1 in the liver and small intestine is the major contributing factor for HDL formation. On the other hand, ABCA1 and ABCG1 present in macrophages contribute …

A Pilot Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Probiotic Use In Elderly Patients With Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea, Jenna L. Peate

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Long-term care settings have the majority of their patients on multiple antibiotics, and outbreaks of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile are common. Probiotics have been used with these patients to reduce these side effects. Probiotics can re-establish the composition of intestinal microflora, enhance immune response, and clear pathogens from the host which may reduce the symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct a retrospective study of the effectiveness of using probiotic in elderly patients in a long-term care facility in a Midwestern city who suffered from antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The probiotic, CulturelleTM had been administered …

A Current Examination Of Dietary Intakes Of Fiber, Calcium, Iron, And Zinc And Their Relationship To Blood Lead Levels In U.S. Children Aged 1-5 Years, Stephanie A. Melchert

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A CURRENT EXAMINATION OF DIETARY INTAKES OF FIBER, CALCIUM, IRON, AND ZINC AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO BLOOD LEAD LEVELS IN U.S. CHILDREN AGED 1-5 YEARS Stephanie Ann Melchert, M.S. University of Nebraska, 2010 Adviser: Kaye Stanek Krogstrand The effect of lead on the health and well-being of those exposed has been well documented and many efforts have been made to reduce exposure of lead to the United States population. Despite these efforts, many studies have documented cognitive impairments and behavioral problems in children with even low levels of lead in their blood. Previous studies have suggested that a proper diet …

Food Handling Practices, Knowledge And Beliefs Of Families With Young Children Based On The Health Belief Model, Adeline Lum

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Objective: To determine current food handling practices, knowledge and beliefs of primary food handlers with children 10 years old and the relationship between these components.

Design: Surveys were developed based on FightBac!™ concepts and the Health Belief Model (HBM) construct.

Participants: The majority of participants (n= 503) were females (67%), Caucasians (80%), aged between 30 to 49 years old (83%), had one or two children (83%), prepared meals all or most of the time (76%) and consumed meals away from home three times or less per week (66%).

Analysis: Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rho) …

Holocarboxylase Synthetase-Dependent Biotinylation Of Histone H4, Luisa F. Rios Avila

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H3 and H4. Histone biotinylation marks play important roles in the repression of genes and retrotransposons. Preliminary studies suggested that K16 in histone H4 is a target for biotinylation by HCS. Here we demonstrated that H4K16bio is overrepresented in repeat regions {pericentromeric alpha satellite repeats; long terminal repeats (LTR)} compared with euchromatin promoters. H4K16bio was also enriched in the repressed interleukin-2 gene promoter. The enrichment at LTR22 and promoter 1 of the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) depended on biotin supply; and was significantly lower in fibroblasts …

Validation Of Nutrition Standardized Language—Next Steps, Paula Ritter-Gooder, Nancy M. Lewis

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

To provide a model for quality care and outcomes management, the Nutrition Care Process (NCP) and standardized language were introduced in 2003 by the American Dietetic Association (ADA). The standardized language, published in the International Dietetics & Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual: Standardized Language for the Nutrition Care Process, is designed to facilitate communication, improve care, and close the gap in health care quality. When registered dietitians (RDs) are oriented to a nutrition care process, improvement in their documentation of nutrition care occurs. Since the introduction of the NCP and standardized language, RDs and dietetic technicians, registered (DTRs), have …

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Repress The Expression Of Adipose Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, Ap2, In Raw 264.7 Macrophage, Sara L. Coleman

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein, aP2, present in macrophages has been implicated in the integration of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response, contributing to development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. We investigated the modulation of aP2 expression by inflammatory insults and fatty acids in RAW 264.7 macrophages. When the cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 100 ng/ml) or 10 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor α for 18 h, aP2 mRNA and protein levels were drastically increased. Unsaturated fatty acids (100 μM of 18:1, 18:2, 18:3, 20:5 in complex with BSA), but not saturated fatty acids (16:0), significantly repressed the basal aP2 …

Youth School Enrichment Nutrition Programming In Nebraska: A Descriptive Study, Ashley M. Keller

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The objectives of this study were to determine the nutrition knowledge of students in grades K-6 (n = 62,324) participating in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed), to determine if the nutrition information provided by the program impacts youth nutrition knowledge and behaviors, and to determine if there is a difference in the impact of the school enrichment program versus the non-school enrichment program. Without proper nutrition and physical activity the tendency for children to gain weight increases; therefore, increasing the likelihood of becoming obese. In the past 20 years, the prevalence of obesity has doubled. Eating behaviors and the amount …

Assessing Dietary Intake, Eating And Exercise Attitudes And Fitness Levels In College-Aged Students, Katie J. James

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

BACKGROUND The transition from high school to college can be a stressful lifestyle change for young adults. During this transition students develop a variety of health attitudes and behaviors that may have a negative impact on their overall wellbeing. OBJECTIVE To determine the correlation of BMI to dietary intake, fitness level and eating and exercise attitudes of college students. SETTING Participants completed an eating and exercise attitude survey, 2-day diet recall, and preformed three fitness tests at a Midwestern University through their Campus Recreational Center. PARTICIPANTS 772 students between the ages of 18-25 from a Midwestern University between the years …

Modulation Of Lipid Metabolism By Phytosterol Stearates And Black Raspberry Seed Oils, Mark Mckinley Ash

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Naturally occurring compounds and lifestyle modifications as combination and mono-therapy are increasingly used for dyslipidemia. Specficially, phytosterols and fatty acids have demonstrated an ability to modulate cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism in different fashions. In two separate studies, the lipid-lowering effects of black raspberry seed oil and three different phytosterol stearates were examined in order to elucidate the effects of these dietary components and the factors influencing their therapeutic actions.

The first study examined high cholesterol diets supplemented with crude and refined black raspberry seed oils, coconut oil or soybean oil. The crude and refined raspberry seed oil (RSO) treatments significantly …

Sorghum: An Ancient, Healthy And Nutritious Old World Cereal, United Sorghum Checkoff Program, John Lindsay

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Sorghum is Africa’s contribution to the small number of elite grains that supply about 85% of the world’s food energy. Only four other foods rice, wheat, maize, and potatoes are consumed in greater amounts by the human race. Sorghum is the dietary staple of more than 500 million people in more than 30 countries of the semi arid tropics, thus being one of the most familiar foods in the world (Board on Science and Technology for International Development, 1996). Sorghum is a truly ancient grain. Dahlberg and Wasylikowa (1996) reported on sorghum remains found in the Nabta Playa archaeological site …

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors And Associations With Indicators Of Body Fat, Diet, And Physical Activity In U.S. Children Ages 6-11, Melissa A. Masters

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Research was conducted to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in U.S. children ages 6-11 and associations with body fat, diet, and physical activity. Data for 685 children ages 6-11 was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES data was examined to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in these children, the impact of indicators of body fat on cardiovascular disease risk factors, the association between cardiovascular disease risk factors and dietary components, and the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk factors among U.S. children. Children were also evaluated for …

Research Methodology For Validation Of Nutrition Diagnostic Standardized Language Using Fehring Models, Paula K. Ritter-Gooder, Nancy M. Lewis

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Validation of the nutrition standardized language (SL) confirms the language is accurate for use in practice, research, and policy. Nutrition diagnostic terms are identified by concept analysis using literature review and experts to distinguish and differentiate one nutrition problem from a similar or related problem. The Fehring models, used in nursing diagnosis validation research, are adopted to validate the SL nutrition diagnostic terms using experts and weighted inter-rater reliability ratios. In the first phase of validation research, diagnostic terms are validated by experts using the Diagnostic Content Validity Model (DCV). A Nutrition Diagnosis Validation Instrument (NDVI) is developed that contains …