Oral Medicine Commons^™

Reducing The Incidence Of Nosocomial Aspiration Pneumonia In The Adult Oncology Population Through Improved Compliance With Oral Hygiene Protocols, Kenneth R. Brown

Master's Projects and Capstones

Objective

Oncology patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk of complications such as mucosal barrier injuries (MBI) and aspiration pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia rates are higher than desired. Improved oral hygiene protocols and compliance in this population reduces the incidence of these complications.

Context and Background

The microsystem assessed includes six oncology units at Hospital A, a large California academic hospital. Aspiration pneumonia, commonly associated with MBI, is a life-threatening challenge that increases costs and complications in oncological treatment settings. An aspiration pneumonia task force focused on six oncology acute care units is committed to reducing the incidence of hospital acquired …

Epidemiology Of Sjogren’S Syndrome In A Sample Of The Egyptian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study, Dalia Ghalwash, Ahmed M. Ammar, Ahmed Hamdy, Ayman Elgawish, Rim Mazen

Dentistry

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) and the associated factors in € a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study obtained data by screening subjects from several hospitals in different governorates across Egypt. Demographic and health data were collected including symptoms and type of Sjogren’s syndrome, associated autoimmune diseases, the presence of € specific autoantibodies and associated malignancies. Results: The study analysed 7960 participants and 64 (0.80%) had SS. Of these, 22 (34.38%) had primary SS and 42 patients (65.63%) had secondary SS. For the total study cohort, the prevalence of primary and secondary SS …

Prevalence Profile Of Burning Mouth Syndrome In A Sample Of Egyptian Population: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Based Study, Dalia Ghalwash, Ahmed M. Ammar, Ahmed Hamdy, Ayman Elgawish

Dentistry

Aim: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a debilitating chronic burning sensation in the oral cavity with no identifiable cause. The present research was conducted to evaluate the prevalence profile of BMS in a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by screening 952 subjects, all individuals with burning mouth complaints were interviewed and examined to identify the site, timing, frequency, and intensity of their burning sensations. The presence of associated xerostomia, taste disturbances, and impact on quality of life was also recorded. The extent of perceived stress was assessed using the short version of the Perceived …

Effect Of Addition Of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles On The Strength Of Heat-Cured Denture Base Resins: Protocol For Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of In Vitro Studies, Pragati Kaurani, Amit Hindocha, Amit Porwal, Abhijit Tambe, Carrie Price, Vidhani Goel, Henry Krasner, Jagdish Khubchandani, Kavita Batra

Department of Medical Education Faculty Research

Background: Metal oxide nanoparticle-reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been shown to improve mechanical properties, such as strength. Different types of metal oxide nanoparticles have been used previously, but the comparative effect on the strength of heat-cured denture base resins remains unclear. Objective: This is a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis that will aim to pool evidence to compare and analyze the effects of the addition of different metal oxide nanoparticles, with varied sizes and concentrations, on the strength (flexural, impact, transverse, compressive tensile strength, and fracture toughness) of heat-cured PMMA. In addition, this review aims to analyze methodological …

Pressing Issues For Oral Care Quality Improvement: Findings From The Eu Deliver Project, Paulo Melo, Leonor Frey-Furtado, Daniela Correia, Stefan Listl, Michael Lorenz, Nagihan Bostanci, Álvaro Azevedo, Maria Lurdes Pereira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: While oral health often takes a backseat to other health domains, it silently affects nearly half of the Worldwide population. The DELIVER project, funded by the EU's Horizon Europe program, seeks to develop a blueprint model for improving the quality of oral health care for everyone.

METHODS: Applying the Nominal Group Technique (NGT), 17 stakeholders from various backgrounds participated in identifying pressing issues for oral care quality improvement across practice, community, and policy levels.

RESULTS: The results revealed significant differences at the different levels, with accessibility emerging as a prominent issue, encompassing affordability, availability, and acceptability of oral healthcare …

A Quantitative Examination Of Tobacco And Marijuana Use On Oral Health Outcomes Among Young Adults In Texas, Meenakshi Dasagi

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

This dissertation aimed to quantify the relationship between methods of tobacco and marijuana use and their impact on oral health. Tobacco use was defined as smoking combustible tobacco (cigarettes, cigars, and hookah) or electronic aerosolized vaping nicotine with an e-cigarette.5,9 Similarly, marijuana use was defined as smoking combustible marijuana (joints, blunts, and spliffs) or vaping marijuana with an e-cigarette.8 Despite the prevalence of nicotine vaping and marijuana use among young adults1,3-4,7,14-15, there is limited evidence of their association with oral health in Texas. To address this issue, this dissertation comprising three studies analyzed longitudinal data from the Texas Adolescent Tobacco …

Cholesterol Drugs May Improve Periodontal Disease

New Orleans Dental Association News

Recently, statin treatment applied locally into tissues during both surgical and nonsurgical procedures exhibiting a positive effect on various parameters of periodontal tissue health. When looking at this novel, not yet commonly utilized approach to the local application of statins as an adjunct to periodontal treatment, early studies have shown significant improvement in clinical parameters, such as probing depth and clinical attachment levels. This method of local statin delivery into the tissue shows promise, and should be explored by further research.

Fake Xanax: Designer Emerging Benzodiazepine Epidemic Linked To Morbidity And Mortality A Narrative Review, Alan D. Kaye, Joseph P. Tassin, William C. Upshaw, Camille M. Robichaux, Mark V. Frolov, Mark M. Dupaquier, Julia E. Fox, Jeffrey Sterritt, Jibin Mathew, Sahar Shekoohi, Adam M. Kaye, Amber N. Edinoff

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

Etizolam is a thienodiazepine derivative which produces an anxiolytic effect similar to benzodiazepines such as alprazolam (Xanax). Like classic benzodiazepines, etizolam has a high affinity towards the GABAA receptor, and allosterically potentiates the effects of GABA resulting in neuronal hyperpolarization related to chloride influx. When taken in therapeutic doses, etizolam produces a similar effect to Xanax. Counterfeit Xanax tablets contain variable amounts of etizolam. Tablets with high amounts of etizolam can cause toxicity if ingested, especially when combined with other substances. When toxic symptoms occur in patients, they may include severe sedation, unconsciousness, and depression of the medullary respiratory center. …

Comorbidities And Final Outcome Of Post Covid-19 Associated Oral Mucormycosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study, Dalia Ghalwash, Asmaa Abou-Bakr, Ayman El-Gawish

Dentistry

Background

Mucormycosis is an invasive and possibly fatal fungal infection that frequently affects the mouth. Co-infection in post COVID-19 patients is an emerging concern, owing to their complex nature and higher mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to report the underlying risk factors, clinical characteristics, presentation, and final outcome of COVID-19 associated oral mucormycosis cases.

Results

This study included 51 patients with oral mucormycosis 28 (55%) males and 23 (45%) females. Twenty-three patients (45%) presented with deep necrotic ulcer, 16 patients (31%) presented with superficial ulcer, and 12 patients (23%) of them presented with fistula. The overall survival rate was 51% …

Dysplasia In Oral Lichen Planus In A Sample Of Egyptians Attending 2 Tertiary Care Centers In Cairo, Dalia Ghalwash, Ayman El-Gawish

Dentistry

The present retrospective study aimed to evaluate dysplastic changes in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions and related risk factors in a sample of Egyptians. The records of patients with histological diagnosis of OLP, who attended the Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, and Faculty of Dentistry, the British University in Egypt, in the period from 2020 to 2023 were used. The frequency of dysplasia was 10.19% and was statistically not associated with age, gender or smoking. Our results showed that the erosive type registered the highest rate (p<0.001), followed by atrophic, whereas papular type did not show dysplasia. Also, the most common site for dysplasia was the buccal mucosa and tongue (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively), then gingiva, lips, and floor of the mouth. Given the importance of OLP, among the Egyptian population seeking care in our clinics, more research should be conducted to create a database of statistical information.

https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.151

Pdgfra And B Copositive Fibroblasts Drive Fibrosis In Mouse Salivary Glands Through Tgfβ Signaling, Renae Williams Atkinson

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Fibrosis is of significant concern to the medical community as numerous disease processes are characterized by progressive fibrosis leading to organ damage. We begin the process of examining the mechanism of fibrosis to salivary gland hypofunction and briefly consider Sjögren’s Disease (SjD). Method: We employed single-cell RNA sequencing data from a reversible mouse salivary gland injury model and from NOD/ShiLtJ mice, a model of secondary SjD. We performed treatment comparisons with the help of Seurat dotplots and UMAPS. Using differential gene expression analysis and the publicly available R packages: clusterProfiler, WikiPathways and Cytoscape, we identified the processes and pathways …