Dentistry Commons^™

Mandible Cleft: Report Of A Case And Review Of The Literature, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Lucienne Ulbrich, Fabricio Togni

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Median cleft of the lower lip and associated structures is a relatively rare condition. We report the case of a patient with mandibular cleft. Unlike other reported cases of similar disorders, there was no cleft of the lower lip. The literature on median clefts of the lower lip and mandible is reviewed, and the etiology and treatment are discussed.

Current Status Of Defensins And Their Role In Innate And Adaptive Immunity, Periathamby A. Raj, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Naturally occurring antimicrobial cationic polypeptides play a major role in innate and adaptive immunity. These polypeptides are found to be either linear and unstructured or structured through disulfide bonds. Among the structured antimicrobial polypeptides, defensins comprise a family of cysteine-rich cationic polypeptides that contribute significantly to host defense against the invasion of microorganisms in animals, humans, insects and plants. Their wide-spread occurrence in various tissues of these diverse organisms, and their importance in innate and adaptive immunity have led to their identification, isolation and characterization. A large volume of literature is available on defensins’ occurrence, structural characterization, gene expression and …

Effect Of Nasa Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation On Wound Healing, Harry T. Whelan, Robert L. Smits, Ellen V. Buchmann, Noel T. Whelan, Scott G. Turner, David A. Margolis, Vita Cevenini, Helen Stinson, Ron Ignatius, Todd Martin, Joan Cwiklinski, Alan F. Philippi, William R. Graf, Brian D. Hodgson, Lisa Gould, Mary Kane, Gina Chen, James Caviness

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and near-infrared light therapy on wound healing.

Background Data: Light-emitting diodes (LED), originally developed for NASA plant growth experiments in space show promise for delivering light deep into tissues of the body to promote wound healing and human tissue growth. In this paper, we review and present our new data of LED treatment on cells grown in culture, on ischemic and diabetic wounds in rat models, and on acute and chronic wounds in humans.

Materials and Methods: In vitro and in vivo …

Two Cases Of Unusually Heavy Odontolithiasis—One Causing Trismus, Kamala G. Pillai, Yeshwant B. Rawal

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Although dental calculus is commonly encountered in dental patients, it rarely presents in quantities as large as in the following cases.

A Retrospective Study Of Dento-Alveolar Injuries Of Children In Ankara, Turkey, Nil Altay, H. Cem Güngör

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Information concerning age and sex distribution, etiology, types, place and extent of trauma as well as seasonal variations, time difference between traumatic injury and seeking of dental care and number of traumatic injuries was recorded retrospectively from 150 patients. The study comprised 91 boys and 59 girls representing 246 dental injuries and 332 injured teeth (72 primary and 260 permanent teeth). The most common injuries were uncomplicated crown fracture (23.57%), subluxation (15.85%), avulsion (10.16%), lateral luxation (9.75%), complicated crown fracture and intrusion (8.4% and 8.94%, respectively). The occurrence of uncomplicated crown fractures was significantly higher (PP

Nasa Light Emitting Diode Medical Applications From Deep Space To Deep Sea, Harry T. Whelan, Ellen V. Buchmann, Noel T. Whelan, Scott G. Turner, Vita Cevenini, Helen Stinson, Ron Ignatius, Todd Martin, Joan Cwiklinski, Glenn A. Meyer, Brian D. Hodgson, Lisa J. Gould, Mary P. Kane, Gina Chen, James Caviness

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This work is supported and managed through the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center-SBIR Program. LED-technology developed for NASA plant growth experiments in space shows promise for delivering light deep into tissues of the body to promote wound healing and human tissue growth. We present the results of LED-treatment of cells grown in culture and the effects of LEDs on patients’ chronic and acute wounds. LED-technology is also biologically optimal for photodynamic therapy of cancer and we discuss our successes using LEDs in conjunction with light-activated chemotherapeutic drugs.

Large-Scale Synthesis And Functional Elements For The Antimicrobial Activity Of Defensins, Periathamby A. Raj, K. J. Antonyraj, T. Karunakaran

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Human neutrophil defensins, and their analogues incorporating anionic, hydrophobic or cationic residues at the N- and C-termini, were synthesized by solid-phase procedures. The synthetic defensins were examined for their microbicidal activity against Candida albicans, two Gram-negative bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus mutans). The human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP1) and HNP2 were found to be potent candidacidal agents. HNP3, which differs by one amino acid at the N-terminus of its sequence, was totally inactive. The Gram-negative bacteria A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis and the Gram-positive bacteria S. gordonii and S. mutans were …

Pulpal Tissue In Bilateral Talon Cusps Of Primary Central Incisors: Report Of A Case, H. Cem Güngör, Nil Altay, F. Figen Kaymaz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Talon cusp is a tooth anomaly that affects both the primary and the permanent dentitions. However, the occurrence of this anomalous cusp is rather infrequent in the primary dentition. Only 7 cases of bilateral talon cusps affecting the primary teeth have been reported in the dental literature. This is a case report of bilateral talon cusps on primary maxillary central incisors whose histologic evaluation revealed the existence of pulpal tissue in the anomalous cusps.

The Effect Of Edta In Attachment Gain And Root Coverage, Moawia M. Kassab, Robert E. Cohen, Sebastiano Andreana, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Root surface biomodification using low pH agents such as citric acid and tetracycline has been proposed to enhance root coverage following connective tissue grafting. The authors hypothesized that root conditioning with neutral pH edetic acid would improve vertical recession depth, root surface coverage, pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels. Twenty teeth in 10 patients with Miller class I and II recession were treated with connective tissue grafting. The experimental sites received 24% edetic acid in sterile distilled water applied to the root surface for 2 minutes before grafting. Controls were pretreated with only sterile distilled water. Measurements were evaluated before …

Glass-Ionomer Adhesives In Orthodontics: Clinical Implications And Future Research Directions, T. Gerard Bradley, Daniel Camargo De Oliveira

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

During the past ten years significant advances have been made in the development of glass-ionomer bonding adhesives. The beneficial effects of fluoride are well documented and an agent which reduces or prevents a white spot lesion that commonly occurs clinically, is desirable. There has been a notable lack of randomized clinical trials to determine the prevalence of white spot lesions after orthodontic treatment although it is often reported in the literature. White spot lesions pose health and esthetic problems and their proper clinical management has yet to be resolved. The objective of this paper Is to review the literature in …

Lateral Cephalometric Analysis Of Asymptomatic Volunteers And Symptomatic Patients With And Without Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint Disk Displacement, Jose A. Bosio, James G. Burch, Ross H. Tallents, Dale B. Wade, Frank M. Beck

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Few studies of dentofacial and orthodontic structural relationships relative to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction have been reported. We undertook this investigation to determine any correlation of orthodontic and dentofacial characteristics with TMJ bilateral disc displacement. The population of patients was selected from a TMJ clinic where a control group of asymptomatic volunteers had been previously established and standardized. Differences in skeletal structural features were determined among three study groups: (1) asymptomatic volunteers with no TMJ disk displacement, (2) symptomatic patients with no TMJ disc displacement, and (3) symptomatic patients with bilateral TMJ disk displacement. Thirty-two asymptomatic volunteers without disk displacement …

Ectopic Eruption Of Maxillary First Permanent Molars: Treatment Options And Report Of Two Cases, H. Cem Güngör, Nil Altay

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Irreversible ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars may lead to crowded permanent dentition when it is overlooked. The situation usually requires active treatment. In the presented irreversible ectopic eruption cases, distalization and uprighting of maxillary first permanent molars were achieved using removable orthodontic appliances.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc) Analyses Of Superelastic And Nonsuperelastic Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires, T. Gerard Bradley, William A. Brantley, Bill M. Culbertson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the transformation temperatures for the austenitic, martensitic, and rhombohedral (R) structure phases in representative as-received commercial nitinol (NiTi) orthodontic wire alloys, to reconcile discrepancies among recent publications. Specimens were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) over a temperature range from approximately −170° C to 100° C, with a scanning rate of 10° C per minute. Two different pathways, with the intermediate R structure either absent or present, were observed for the transformation from martensitic to austenitic NiTi, whereas the reverse transformation from austenitic to martensitic NiTi always included the R structure. The …

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc) Analyses Of Superelastic And Nonsuperelastic Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires, T. Gerard Bradley, William A. Brantley, Bill M. Culbertson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the transformation temperatures for the austenitic, martensitic, and rhombohedral (R) structure phases in representative as-received commercial nitinol (NiTi) orthodontic wire alloys, to reconcile discrepancies among recent publications. Specimens were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) over a temperature range from approximately −170° C to 100° C, with a scanning rate of 10° C per minute. Two different pathways, with the intermediate R structure either absent or present, were observed for the transformation from martensitic to austenitic NiTi, whereas the reverse transformation from austenitic to martensitic NiTi always included the R structure. The …

Effect Of Baking Soda-Peroxide Dentifrice On Post-Surgical Wound Healing, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of a baking soda-hydrogen peroxide (0.75%) dentifrice on wound healing, plaque formation, gingival inflammation, wound healing, patient comfort, probing depth, and clinical attachment level following gingival flap surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized, double-blind crossover study involving 25 patients requiring bilateral maxillary gingival flap surgery was completed. The effects of twice daily brushing with a baking soda-hydrogen peroxide dentifrice (Mentadent) or a placebo dentifrice (Crest) were observed over a 28-day post-surgical period. Gingival index (GI); plaque index (Pl) , probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival bleeding index (Bl) were recorded pre-surgically and …

Destructive Hostility: The Jeffrey Dahmer Case: A Psychiatric And Forensic Study Of A Serial Killer, Jeffrey Jentzen, George Palermo, L. Thomas Johnson, Khang-Cheng Ho, K. Alan Stormo, John Teggatz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

We were involved as forensic experts in the case of the serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer. We discuss the scene and victim autopsy findings, with a brief consideration of the basic emotion of hostility. These findings support the thesis that at the basis of this serial killer's behavior were primary unconscious feelings of hate that he had channeled into a sadistic programmed destruction of 17 young men. The interview of the serial killer, the photographic scene documentation, and the autopsy findings stress the ambivalent homosexuality of the killer, his sexual sadism, his obsessive fetishism, and his possible cannibalism and necrophilia.

Developing Consistency In Enamel Etching By Co2 Laser, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Kenneth L. Zakariasen

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

It has been reported that CO₂ laser energy can be utilized to etch enamel. However, consistency of etching has been a significant problem. This research was designed to ascertain which exposure parameters result in consistent etching of enamel. Fourteen non.carious teeth were selected and a 2x4 gridwork was cut into the buccal surfaces creating eight discrete windows for laser exposures. Four teeth served for the initial pilot project. Two windows were lased at each combination of exposure parameters. Laser exposures were at .01, .02, .05, or .10 sec. at 2, 5, 10, or 15 Watts (W) with a model …

Clinical Occupational Bloodborne Exposure In A Dental School, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Ronald J. Pruhs, Elise Sampson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Role Of Peptide Backbone Conformation On Biological Activity Of Chemotactic Peptides, Andrew R. Dentino, Periathamby A. Raj, Krishna K. Bhandary, Mark E. Wilson, Michael J. Devine

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

To investigate the role of peptide backbone conformation on the biological activity of chemotactic peptides, we synthesized a unique analog of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH incorporating the C ^α,α disubstituted residue, dipropylglycine (Dpg) in place of Leu. The conformation of the stereochemically constrained Dpg analog was examined in the crystalline state by x-ray diffraction and in solution using NMR, IR, and CD methods. The secretagogue activity of the peptide on human neutrophils was determined and compared with that of a stereochemically constrained, folded type II β-turn analog incorporating 1-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (Ac₆c) at position 2 (f-Met- Ac₆c -Phe-OMe), the …

Bite Mark Evidence: Recognition, Perservation, Analysis And Courtroom Presentation, L. Thomas Johnson, David Cadle

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Craniofacial Morphology And Occlusal Variation In Monozygous And Dizygous Twins, William K. Lobb

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A study of 60 pairs of twins, 30 monozygous and 30 dizygous, finding a strong genetic component overlaid by functional adaptation most prominent in the dental area.

Noncariogenic Sweeteners: Sugar Substitutes For Caries Control, Curt S. Ayers, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The evidence is clear that the incidence of dental caries is related to the frequency of eating sugar. The use of sugar substitutes is a suggested way of reducing sugar intake. A variety of noncariogenic sweeteners exists, but most have no practical value for caries control because of their technical or safety problems, taste, or cost. Urinary bladder tumorigenic effects have been reported in experimental animals treated with saccharin and cyclamates. Because of concerns for human safety, cyclamates were banned in the U.S., and saccharin use was permitted only by special legislation. The polyalcohols sorbitol and xylitol are important sugar …

Denturism And The Dentists, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Replantation Of An Avulsed Incisor: Case Report, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.