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Articles 481 - 510 of 838
Full-Text Articles in Dentistry
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 81, No. 1, 2004)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 81, No. 1, 2004)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 81, No. 4, 2004)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 81, No. 4, 2004)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Overbite Correction And Smile Esthetics, Shannon Michelle Lewis
Overbite Correction And Smile Esthetics, Shannon Michelle Lewis
Theses and Dissertations
Achievement of optimum smile esthetics during orthodontic treatment has recently been the focus of several published articles in the orthodontic literature. Authors speculate that overbite correction, specifically maxillary incisor intrusion, will lead to flattening of the smile arc and consequently reduce smile attractiveness. The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to investigate differences in outcomes from two common treatment modalities used to reduce deep overbite: maxillary incisor intrusion using an intrusion arch and posterior tooth eruption using an anterior bite plate. Pre-treatment and post-overbite correction records were gathered from 20 patients who presented with deep overbite malocclusions to the …
Influence Of A 3-Step Disinfection Procedure On Dentin Bond Strength, Maria Pappas
Influence Of A 3-Step Disinfection Procedure On Dentin Bond Strength, Maria Pappas
Theses and Dissertations
Statement of problem. Clinicians have used disinfection materials to remove surface contaminants during cavity preparation. It has been postulated that disinfection materials may negatively affect shear bond strength of restorative materials. If so, large numbers of restorations may be predestined for early failure with the use of a disinfection protocol.Purpose. To determine whether there is a difference in the bond strength between dentin and composite resin with a 3-step disinfection technique compared to a conventional bonding technique without the additional disinfection protocol.Material and Methods. Sixty human molar teeth were sectioned parallel to the occlusal surface to expose mid-coronal dentin and …
Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Investigative Analysis Of Their Access To Dental Care, Chad Wallace Ellsworth
Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Investigative Analysis Of Their Access To Dental Care, Chad Wallace Ellsworth
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the utilization of dental services for children with autism spectrum disorders and identify barriers these children face when accessing dental services in the state of Virginia. Methods: A survey was mailed to families in the state of Virginia that care for at least one child with the neuro-developmental disorder on the autism spectrum scale. The mailing list was obtained from "The Autism Program of Virginia." This list contains the names of families/guardians of children with autism spectrum disorders. These individuals live throughout the State of Virginia. This project analyzed survey questions …
Pcr Detection Of Streptococcus Mutans And Streptococcus Sobrinus In Dental Plaque Samples From Low, Moderate, And High Caries Risk Children, Ajit A. Patel
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus with the incidence of dental caries in children as detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Methods: Subjects between the ages 2 to 16 years of age were used in this study. After the subjects received a dental examination, dental plaque samples were collected by rubbing a toothpick on the buccal surface of the most posterior tooth in each quadrant of the mouth. Children were grouped into low, moderate, and high caries risk categories by two different Caries Risk Assessment Tools (CAT 1 and …
Torsional Testing Of Race, K3 And Profile Nickel Titanium Endodontic Files, Sean D. Fessenden
Torsional Testing Of Race, K3 And Profile Nickel Titanium Endodontic Files, Sean D. Fessenden
Theses and Dissertations
Rotary endodontic instruments have different cross sectional designs that may effect their resistance to torsional stress. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the static torsional properties of two nickel titanium files that have recently been introduced for use in endodontics and compare them to the same size Profile instruments. Ten new files of each brand and size were tested. The files tested were: RaCe 25 tip 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 taper, K3 and Profile 25 and 40 tip in 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 taper. The diameter of each file was measured at 3mm from tip. The last three millimeters …
C-Reactive Protein Levels In Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients, Trang Nguyen Salzberg
C-Reactive Protein Levels In Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients, Trang Nguyen Salzberg
Theses and Dissertations
Background: There is mounting evidence to indicate that periodontitis may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Periodontitis may be linked to CVD as either an etiologic mechanism or a predisposing factor that can hasten disease progression. Proinflammatory cytokines, elevated fibrinogen, and platelet aggregation are all potential mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to compare and review the serological differences in subjects with severe periodontitis, some of which involve established risk factors for atherosclerosis, particularly heightened C-reactive protein levels. Methods: A total of 184 subjects, comprising of two periodontal subgroups, non-periodontal (NP = 91) and generalized aggressive periodontitis …
Physical And Chemical Properties Of A New Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Material, David Lowell Spencer
Physical And Chemical Properties Of A New Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Material, David Lowell Spencer
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to compare the time to final set and compressive strength of the white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) formulation to the original grey MTA. To test compressive strength, each MTA formulation was placed into Teflon split molds for four hours at 37° Celsius (C) and 100% humidity. Compressive strength of both MTA formulations was measured at 24 hours (n=12) and 21 days (n=19) using an Instron Testing Machine. For determination of time to final set, each MTA formulation (n=6) was placed into a metal mold and maintained at 37° C and 100% humidity while setting. …
Interleukin-6 Levels In Generalized And Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients, Bindu Reddy
Interleukin-6 Levels In Generalized And Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients, Bindu Reddy
Theses and Dissertations
AbstractINTERLEUKIN-6 LEVELS IN GENERALIZED AND LOCALIZED AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS PATIENTSBy Bindu Reddy, D.D.S.A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Virginia Commonwealth UniversityVirginia Commonwealth University, 2004Major Director: Joseph V. Califano, D.D.S., Ph.D.Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving the supporting structures of the dentition. Many studies have shown that there is a relationship between periodontal disease, the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and systemic disease such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to measure serum Interleukin-6 levels in generalized and localized aggressive …
Factors Influencing Applicant Ranking Of Orthodontic Programs, Michael D. Payne
Factors Influencing Applicant Ranking Of Orthodontic Programs, Michael D. Payne
Theses and Dissertations
Orthodontic programs spend considerable amounts of time and energy to attract, recruit, and interview the best and brightest applicants. Applicants and programs submit ranked preferences, and resident positions are filled by a computerized matching system (Match). The specific aims of this study were to determine the relative importance of certain factors in applicants' Match ranking of orthodontic programs and to determine differences between orthodontic Program Directors perceptions and actual factors cited by applicants influencing their ranking of orthodontic programs.Surveys were mailed to 55 orthodontic Program Directors and 478 applicants participating in the 2002 orthodontic Match. Forty-nine Program Director (89%) and …
Appointment Keeping Behavior Of Medicaid Vs. Non-Medicaid Orthodontic Patients, Bryan P. Horsley
Appointment Keeping Behavior Of Medicaid Vs. Non-Medicaid Orthodontic Patients, Bryan P. Horsley
Theses and Dissertations
State Medicaid programs were established to care for the poor by eliminating financial barriers and increasing their ability to be treated within the mainstream of the heath care system. The number of children eligible for Medicaid services is increasing, yet the number of Medicaid providers remains low. Health care providers cite failed appointments as being a major problem with Medicaid patients and one of the largest deterrents to participating. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a difference in appointment keeping behavior exists between Medicaid and non-Medicaid orthodontic patients. During a twelve-month period, a tally of appointments was …
The Prevalence Of The Need For Esthetic Crown Lengthening In Post Orthodontically Treated Subjects, David Clark Johnson
The Prevalence Of The Need For Esthetic Crown Lengthening In Post Orthodontically Treated Subjects, David Clark Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
The problem of excess gingival display is difficult to diagnose and treat. By studying one aspect of excess gingival display, namely the size relationships of the clinical crowns of teeth, we can begin to quantify reasonable goals of therapy. In this study, two hundred plaster models were used as subjects. These represented two hundred patients before and after orthodontic therapy. The six anterior teeth were measured for length and width and compared to known ideals. Teeth that did not meet ideal standards may require treatment. It was found that the mean tooth length after orthodontic therapy was approximately two millimeters …
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 1, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 1, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 2, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 2, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Case Studies For Dentistry®: Development Of A Tool To Author Interactive, Multimedia, Computer-Based Patient Simulations, Louis M. Abbey, Pamela Arnold, Lucy Halunko, Mary Beth Huneke, Stacie Lee
Case Studies For Dentistry®: Development Of A Tool To Author Interactive, Multimedia, Computer-Based Patient Simulations, Louis M. Abbey, Pamela Arnold, Lucy Halunko, Mary Beth Huneke, Stacie Lee
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Publications
Computer-based patient simulations have been used to enhance the dental curriculum since the 1980s. This article describes the development of CASE STUDIES for Dentistry (CSD), a patient case simulation building template, developed at Virginia Commonwealth University, with which authors who have no programming expertise can create realistic, effective, interactive multimedia patient simulations by entering their own information and images into a straightforward, fill in the blanks interface. This program was written with Authorware, by Macromedia Inc. Design considerations included emphasis on information collection and analysis, synthesis of collected information, hypothesis proposal and testing, diagnosis, and treatment planning. The program consists …
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 3, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 3, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Orthodontic Faculty Recruitment And Retention: Goals And Perceptions, Sheldon L. Peck
Orthodontic Faculty Recruitment And Retention: Goals And Perceptions, Sheldon L. Peck
Theses and Dissertations
There is a shortage of faculty in academic dentistry and orthodontics in particular. The purpose of this study was to quantify real and perceived differences in income, workload, and satisfaction between full-time academic and private practice orthodontists. Surveys were returned by 119 (70%) faculty, 79 (36%) private practitioners, and 160 (59%) orthodontic residents. Average annual income for faculty was less than half that of private practitioners. Faculty also reported working significantly more hours per week and taking less vacation time. Though both faculty and practitioners perceived their own jobs to be more satisfying overall, faculty felt academics was more stressful, …
Measurement Of Forces And Moments In Three-Dimensional Archwires, Dwight Van Buelow
Measurement Of Forces And Moments In Three-Dimensional Archwires, Dwight Van Buelow
Theses and Dissertations
AbstractMEASUREMENT OF FORCES AND MOMENTS IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARCHWIRESBy Dwight V. Buelow, D.D.S.A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Steven J. Lindauer, D.M.D., M.D.Sc.Chairman and Professor, Department of OrthodonticsOrthodontic tooth movement occurs in response to the application of controlled mechanical force systems. The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of those force systems by evaluating differences between the resultants of two-dimensional and three-dimensional orthodontic appliance activations. An in-vitro model was constructed and three force-moment gauges were used to measure the forces and …
K3 Endo, Pro Taper, And Pro File Systems: Breakage And Distortion In Severely Curved Roots Of Molars, Matthew Todd Ankrum
K3 Endo, Pro Taper, And Pro File Systems: Breakage And Distortion In Severely Curved Roots Of Molars, Matthew Todd Ankrum
Theses and Dissertations
K3 ENDO, PRO TAPER, AND PRO FILE SYSTEMS: BREAKAGE AND DISTORTION IN SEVERELY CURVED ROOTS OF MOLARS.By Matthew T. Ankrum, D.D.S.A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Gary R. Hartwell, D.D.S., M.S.Chairman and Professor, Department of EndodonticsIt was the aim of this study to investigate the incidence of file breakage and distortion when the Pro Taper, K3 Endo and ProFile systems were used to instrument canals in the severely curved roots of extracted molars.Forty-five roots of extracted mandibular and maxillary molars with curvatures …
Evaluation Of Shear Bond Strength Of Two Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cements, Emily Y. Ro
Evaluation Of Shear Bond Strength Of Two Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer Cements, Emily Y. Ro
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: To compare the in-vitro shear bond strengths of a new paste-paste formulation of resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Rm-GIC) to an exising powder-liquid formulation. The study will test the hypothesis that the new paste-paste formulation of Rm-GIC (Fuji-Cem ™, GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan) has the same bond strength as an existing popular powder-liquid formulation of Rm-GIC (Rely-X ™ Luting Cement, 3M, St. Paul, MN)Materials and Methods: A total of 33 human molars were sectioned parallel to the occlusal surface to expose mid-coronal dentin and mounted parallel to the bond shearing device on the universal testing machine (Instron). For Group I samples …
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 4, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 80, No. 4, 2003)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Endodontic Solutions On Resorcinol-Formalin Paste In Teeth, Madelyn Gay Gambrel
The Effect Of Endodontic Solutions On Resorcinol-Formalin Paste In Teeth, Madelyn Gay Gambrel
Theses and Dissertations
This study determined if any of six endodontic solutions would have a softening effect on resorcinol-formalin paste in extracted teeth, and if there were any differences in the solvent action between these solutions. Forty-nine single-rooted extracted teeth were decoronated two mm coronal to the CEJ, and the roots sectioned apically to a standard length of 15 mm. Canals were prepared to a 12mm WL and a uniform size with a #7 Parapost drill. Teeth were then mounted in a cylinder ring with acrylic. The resorcinol-formalin mixture was placed into the canals and was allowed to set for 60 days in …
The Bond Strength Of Adhesive Resin Cement: Time Differential Between Cementation And Finishing Of Cast Dowel-Cores, Purnima Joan Shahani
The Bond Strength Of Adhesive Resin Cement: Time Differential Between Cementation And Finishing Of Cast Dowel-Cores, Purnima Joan Shahani
Theses and Dissertations
THE BOND STREGTH OF ADHESIVE RESIN CEMENT: TIME DIFFERENTIAL BETWEEN CEMENTATION AND FINISHING OF CAST DOWEL-CORES By Purnima Joan Shahani, D.D.S., M.S.A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Peter C. Moon, M.S., PhDDirector of VCU Dental Biomaterials LaboratoryThis study compared the retention of cast dowel-cores cemented with Panavia® 21 subjected to immediate versus delayed high-speed finishing. Conventionally, finishing is delayed for 24 hours to one week to allow for optimal setting and ultimate strength of the cement. Forty-five recently extracted human …
A Rural Vs. Urban Analysis Of Procedures Provided To Medicaid Recipients By Pediatric, General, And Public Health Dentists In The Commonwealth Of Virginia: Fiscal Years 1994-1995, Frank Carmen Pettinato
A Rural Vs. Urban Analysis Of Procedures Provided To Medicaid Recipients By Pediatric, General, And Public Health Dentists In The Commonwealth Of Virginia: Fiscal Years 1994-1995, Frank Carmen Pettinato
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the distribution of procedures provided to Virginia Medicaid children by three types of dental providers in rural and urban areas. Methods: Medicaid claims filed for dental patients younger than 21 were obtained and analyzed for fiscal years 1994 and 1995. Dental providers were categorized according to their practice type: general practice (GP), pediatric (PD) and public health (PH) dentists. Each type of practice was categorized as practicing in a Metropolitan, Urban, Rural or Completely Rural location and evaluated for percentages of preventive, diagnostic, and corrective services provided.Results: The number of procedures …
Utilization Of The Vacuum Form Machine: Custom Mouthguards Versus Esthetic Bleaching Trays, Jacqueline Michele Carney
Utilization Of The Vacuum Form Machine: Custom Mouthguards Versus Esthetic Bleaching Trays, Jacqueline Michele Carney
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: This study analyzed the percentage of Virginia practitioners utilizing vacuum form machines, types of appliances recommended, and types of patient information provided.Methods: Questionnaires were constructed and mailed to 2500 dentists.Results: 80% of dentists utilized vacuum form machines, 42.5% recommended mouthguards, 60.2% recommended home bleaching trays, 37.6% provided patient information on mouthguards, 37.1% provided patient information on home bleaching trays, 16.5% inquired on patient questionnaires about mouthguard protection during contact sports,and 17.3% inquired on patient questionnaires about tooth color satisfaction.Conclusions: Dentists use vacuum form machines for home bleaching trays more than mouthguards. General dentists and pediatric dentists provide patient information …
The Effect Of Chlorhexidine Gluconate As An Endodontic Irrigant On The Apical Seal: Long-Term Results, David B. Ferguson
The Effect Of Chlorhexidine Gluconate As An Endodontic Irrigant On The Apical Seal: Long-Term Results, David B. Ferguson
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine whether chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%), used as an endodontic irrigating solution would affect the apical seal of three root canal cements. One hundred extracted human single-canal teeth were divided into 9 experimental groups of 10 teeth each, in addition to a positive and negative control group of 5 teeth each. The teeth were decoronated at the level of the cementoenamel junction, accessed, instrumented to a Master Apical File #50, irrigated with either sterile saline, 5.25% NaOCl or 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, and dried using paper points. Obturation was accomplished using lateral condensation and one …
Lip Profile Preferences In Varying Sagittal Mandibular Positions, Grant Gordon Coleman
Lip Profile Preferences In Varying Sagittal Mandibular Positions, Grant Gordon Coleman
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of sagittal mandibular position on preferred lip position in profile. Five androgynous silhouette profiles differing only in the degree of mandibular retro- or prognathism (-25º, -18º, -11º, -4º, & +3º facial contour angles) were created. Using a computer animation program, evaluators moved the lips independently into the position deemed to be the most esthetic for each profile. Evaluators included adolescent orthodontic patients, parents of patients, and orthodontists. In general, no differences in preferred lip position were found between the 11º & -4º profiles or between the 18º & +3º profiles, …
An In-Vitro Comparison Of The Retention Of Prefabricated Parallel-Sided Vented Titanium Posts Cemented With Three Different Dual-Polymerizable Resin Cements, Maha Mamdouh Mostafa El-Sayed
An In-Vitro Comparison Of The Retention Of Prefabricated Parallel-Sided Vented Titanium Posts Cemented With Three Different Dual-Polymerizable Resin Cements, Maha Mamdouh Mostafa El-Sayed
Theses and Dissertations
AbstractAN IN-VITRO COMPARISON OF THE RETENTION OF PREFABRICATED PARALLEL-SIDED VENTED TITANIUM POSTS CEMENTED WITH THREE DIFFERENT DUAL-POLYMERIZABLE RESIN CEMENTSBy Maha M. El-Sayed, B.D.S., D.M.D.A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Thesis Director: David R. Burns, D.M.D. Associate Professor and Program DirectorGraduate ProsthodonticsDepartment of ProsthodonticsPurpose: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the retentive strength of an autopolymerizing resin cement to three dual-polymerizable resin cements when used to cement paraposts without light activation and to relate diametral tensile stress and hardness as a measure …
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 79, No. 2, 2002)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 79, No. 2, 2002)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.