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Articles 31 - 60 of 61

Full-Text Articles in Dentistry

Deficiency Of Rdh10 Causes Cleft Secondary Palate In Mouse., Swetha Raja Dec 2017

Deficiency Of Rdh10 Causes Cleft Secondary Palate In Mouse., Swetha Raja

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this project is to understand the role of Retinoic Acid (RA) produced by RDH10-mediated metabolism of Vitamin A in palate development. For 80 years now, we have known that dietary restriction of RA/Vitamin A can cause cleft palate but we have failed to understand how RA deficiency causes cleft palate. Our gap in knowledge about how RA deficiency causes cleft palate is mainly owing to the fact that we lack a model system to study such defects. The aim of this thesis research project was to determine if conditional inactivation of the Vitamin A metabolic gene Rdh10 …


Type Ix Secretion System: Characterization Of An Effector Protein And An Insight Into The Role Of C-Terminal Domain Dimeration In Outer Membrane Translocation., Lahari Koneru Dec 2017

Type Ix Secretion System: Characterization Of An Effector Protein And An Insight Into The Role Of C-Terminal Domain Dimeration In Outer Membrane Translocation., Lahari Koneru

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia are two of the primary pathogens that are associated in the etiology and progression of chronic periodontitis. In T. forsythia, KLIKK proteases are the recently identified group of proteolytic enzymes that are secreted through Type IX secretion system (T9SS). Among, these KLIKK proteases a synergistic relationship was observed between karilysin and mirolysin in invading the host complement system for the survival of the bacteria. Since, karilysin has been already characterized, in this study we propose to study about mirolysin through structural, biochemical and biological characterization. The obtained results from the experiments has shown the …


Cumulative Trauma, Emotion Reactivity And Salivary Cytokine Response Following Acute Stress Among Healthy Women., Yvette Z. Szabo Aug 2017

Cumulative Trauma, Emotion Reactivity And Salivary Cytokine Response Following Acute Stress Among Healthy Women., Yvette Z. Szabo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study furthers understanding of how trauma exposure may be connected to the development and maintenance of poor health by focusing on cytokines, tightly regulated proteins of the immune system. Cytokine responses to acute stress have been associated with the onset of poorer mental health in physically healthy women. The present study examined how two factors recently associated with cytokine reactivity –cumulative trauma and emotion reactivity– are associated with salivary cytokine reactivity among healthy women. Seventy-one women, screened to be physically and mentally healthy, completed a laboratory acute stress paradigm and self-report measures of state emotion and trauma exposure. Participants …


Inhibition Of Chemotherapeutic-Induced Apoptosis In Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells By The Keystone Periodontal Pathogen, Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Atul Kumar Agrawal May 2017

Inhibition Of Chemotherapeutic-Induced Apoptosis In Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells By The Keystone Periodontal Pathogen, Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Atul Kumar Agrawal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent evidence has shown that P. gingivalis, a Gram-negative, anaerobic oral bacterium, is negatively associated with the presence and outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). While potential underlying mechanisms are yet to be established, P. gingivalis infection is known to inhibit apoptosis in gingival epithelial cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that P. gingivalis may also inhibit of the induction of apoptosis in human ESCC cells exposed to the commonly employed anti-ESCC chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. The capacity of P. gingivalis, at variant multiplicities of infection, to suppress cisplatin-induced necrosis and apoptosis in EC9706 ESCC cells was established by lactate …


Expression Of Zeb Factors In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma., Saira Ahmed May 2017

Expression Of Zeb Factors In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma., Saira Ahmed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: The ZEB family of transcription factors (ZEB1 and ZEB2) have been demonstrated to play a role in metastatic progression of several cancers, and may also influence the initial transformation and generation of cancer stem cells. However, the expression pattern of ZEB proteins in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to define changes in expression and subcellular localization of the ZEB family in both precancerous lesions and different grades of OSCC. Materials and Methods: Seventy-nine tongue biopsies were subjected to immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to determine the expression and subcellular …


Using An Audience Response System To Calibrate Dental Faculty Assessing Student Clinical Competence., Sean A. Aiken May 2017

Using An Audience Response System To Calibrate Dental Faculty Assessing Student Clinical Competence., Sean A. Aiken

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In order to best prepare students to become competent and confident practitioners in a clinical environment upon graduating dental school, it is imperative for them to receive consistent and productive feedback from the supervising faculty. Through academic engagement, and more specifically faculty calibration, it may be possible to eliminate the disconnect that sometimes exists between faculty expectations and terminology, and those of the students. In terms of definitions, academic engagement reflects faculty scholarly development activities that support integration of relevant, current theory of best practices consistent with the school's mission, expected learner outcomes, and supporting strategies.1-6, 32 The difficulty lies …


Exploring A Novel Nf-ĸb- Inhibiting Nanoparticle For Periodontitis Therapy., Kameswara Satya Srikanth Upadhyayula May 2017

Exploring A Novel Nf-ĸb- Inhibiting Nanoparticle For Periodontitis Therapy., Kameswara Satya Srikanth Upadhyayula

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Periodontitis is an infection-driven inflammatory disease characterized by gingival inflammation and bone loss. The NF-ĸB signaling pathway is pivotal in osteoclastogenesis and infection-induced pro-inflammatory responses. The use of nanoparticles as a vehicle to deliver drug increases stability, loading capacity, and facilitates transmembrane transportation. The hypothesis was that a novel nanoparticle carrying therapeutic NBD inhibitory peptides (NBD-nanoparticles) will inhibit measures of periodontal disease. In this project, we tested the nanoparticles for their ability to directly inhibit osteoclastogenesis and inflammation as an original strategy for periodontitis therapy. We also tested the capability of the nanoparticles to inhibit gingival inflammation and alveolar bone …


Treg Regulation In Periodontal Disease During Pregnancy., Aislinn Leah Hays May 2017

Treg Regulation In Periodontal Disease During Pregnancy., Aislinn Leah Hays

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Although pregnancy is prone to induce more severe periodontal inflammation and tissue damage, its mechanism remains elusive. Periodontal diseases during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth or low birth weight. Animal models are ideal for investigating immunological mechanisms in periodontal disease. With a newly modified ligature-induced disease model, we managed to develop periodontal disease in pregnant mice and investigate the immunological mechanism of more severe symptoms during pregnancy. Hypothesis: We hypothesis that P. gingivalis infection during pregnancy will lead to a down-regulation of Treg cells, therefore causing increased inflammation and disease severity. Methods: A ligature-induced …


Student Self-Assessment Of Operative Dentistry Experiences : A Time Dependent Exercise In Best Practice Outcomes., Celine Joyce Cornelius Timothius May 2017

Student Self-Assessment Of Operative Dentistry Experiences : A Time Dependent Exercise In Best Practice Outcomes., Celine Joyce Cornelius Timothius

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate student self-assessment of operative dentistry experiences. Methods: First, a retrospective analysis of student self-assessment and faculty assessment grade sheets were evaluated for mean differences and correlations across time. Both preclinical (D2: n=120) and clinical (D3: n=120; D4: n=120) grades sheets were evaluated. Secondly, twenty-five (n=25) students from each of the D1, D2, D3 and D4 classes were asked to evaluate dentoform work. Twenty-five (n=25) operative calibrated faculty graded the same two dentoforms. Results: D2 student’s self-assessment scores were significantly higher than the faculty assessment scores (t-test; p0.05) and there was a …


Mechanism Of Interaction Of Peptide Modified Nanoparticles With Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Ankita Jain Dec 2016

Mechanism Of Interaction Of Peptide Modified Nanoparticles With Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Ankita Jain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Studies suggest that P. gingivalis functions as a keystone pathogen and interacts with primary colonizers in the supragingival biofilm such as S. gordonii. This interaction contributes to the initial colonization of the oral cavity by P. gingivalis and thus represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention. We have identified a peptide (BAR) derived from the streptococcal SspB protein that functions to inhibit P. gingivalis adherence to S. gordonii. In addition, we showed that nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with BAR inhibit this interaction more potently than free soluble peptide, possibly by promoting interaction with P. gingivalis at higher valency than …


Peptoanaerobacter Stomatis Interactions With Neutrophils., Emeri Jimenez Flores Aug 2016

Peptoanaerobacter Stomatis Interactions With Neutrophils., Emeri Jimenez Flores

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Peptoanaerobacter stomatis is a newly appreciated taxon, present in high numbers in oral biofilms from periodontal patients. However, little is known about this organism’s potential virulence and its interaction with the host immune response. Therefore, to better understand the role of P. stomatis in periodontitis, we studied its interactions with neutrophils. Human neutrophils were challenged with P. stomatis strain CM2 or S. aureus AF488 (positive control) for 30 min. Bacterial internalization was examined by ImageStreamX imaging flow cytometry. Bacterial viability was assessed by colony-forming unit assays and Baclight assays. Phagocytosis-stimulated respiratory burst response was measured by flow cytometry. The fusion …


Characterization Of Pg1604 (Porz) As An Essential Component Of Type 9 Secretion System In Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Apurva Tadimari Prabhakar Aug 2016

Characterization Of Pg1604 (Porz) As An Essential Component Of Type 9 Secretion System In Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Apurva Tadimari Prabhakar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: The numerous virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis are essential for the organism to invade host tissues while escaping immune responses [1, 2]. Some of these factors, like major proteases referred to as gingipains, are secreted by a unique secretion system called PerioGate or Type IX Secretion System (T9SS). T9SS consists of a number of membrane and periplasmic proteins, which provide transportation only for proteins that possess a conserved C-terminal domain (CTD). The CTD functions as a specific recognition signal for the T9SS. PG1604 of P. gingivalis W83 is a CTD-containing protein, which has been shown in our initial studies …


Filifactor Alocis, A Newly Appreciated Oral Pathogen, Fails To Induce The Respiratory Burst Response Of Human Neutrophils., Jacob S. Edmisson May 2016

Filifactor Alocis, A Newly Appreciated Oral Pathogen, Fails To Induce The Respiratory Burst Response Of Human Neutrophils., Jacob S. Edmisson

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

Almost 50% of adult Americans suffer from periodontitis which is a bacterially induced inflammation of the tissue that surround and support the tooth. The accumulation of neutrophils, a critical cell component of the innate immune system, in the gingival crevice contributes to tissue damage. Filifactor alocis is a newly appreciated pathogen present in oral biofilms at periodontal disease sites. Studying the interactions between neutrophils and F. alocis will provide valuable information for delineating the role of this bacterium in periodontal disease and enhance our understanding of bacterial strategies to evade leukocytes’ antimicrobial mechanisms. The hypothesis that F. alocis modulates human …


Long Term Facial Alveolar Bone Changes Associated With Endosseous Implants In The Anterior Maxilla., Deepika Joshi May 2016

Long Term Facial Alveolar Bone Changes Associated With Endosseous Implants In The Anterior Maxilla., Deepika Joshi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aim: To quantify the radiographic presence and thickness of facial alveolar bone (FABr) adjacent to implants placed in the anterior maxillary region. Lack of FABr may suggest that graft procedures are desirable prior to implant placement. Material and Methods: With IRB approval, a retrospective analysis of cone beam computed tomographic cross-sectional images of sites with at least one implant in the anterior maxillary region was performed. Details regarding type of implant and location were recorded. FABr perpendicular to the long axis each implant was measured at seven levels by two observers independently and means and standard …


Influence Of In-Office Oral Hygiene Instructions On The Parental Assessment Of Their Child's Oral Health., Sireesha Kodali May 2016

Influence Of In-Office Oral Hygiene Instructions On The Parental Assessment Of Their Child's Oral Health., Sireesha Kodali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To identify the relation between oral health education and parental assessment of their child’s dental condition. Methods: Our study population included 33,342 children, from Smile KY! annual screenings from 2002 to 20014. Data collection was through questionnaire forms. Our primary risk factor was “dental health instructions received” (yes/no) and our outcome of interest was “parental assessment of your child’s dental health” (good/fair/poor). We had 13 years of data from 2002 to 2014 and used ‘SAS’ statistical software for data manipulation and recoding. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test of independence, trend analysis and multiple logistic regression modeling were performed on ‘SPSS’ …


Objective Evaluation Of Clinical Shade-Matching Outcomes., Erin Ballard May 2016

Objective Evaluation Of Clinical Shade-Matching Outcomes., Erin Ballard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate shade-matching outcomes within an academic institution. Using the Spectrophotometer, E was calculated between the reference shade: restoration shade () and restoration shade: prescription shade (). The t-test was used to determine if E maintained clinical acceptance at E: 3.7. Satisfaction with shade-match and need for objective measurement were surveyed using a Five Point Likert Scale. Correlational relationships were assessed via Pearson Correlation. Mean E values were above the acceptance value (pppp


Modification Of T9ss Cargo Proteins Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis For Their Secretion In Soluble Form And Purification By Affinity Chromatography., Apoorv Goel May 2016

Modification Of T9ss Cargo Proteins Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis For Their Secretion In Soluble Form And Purification By Affinity Chromatography., Apoorv Goel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone-pathogen associated with periodontitis, utilizes the Type IX Secretion System (T9SS) to secrete proteins bearing the conserved C-terminal domain (CTD), many of which are essential virulence factors. These include, besides gingipains and PPAD, 29 other proteins. During or after the outer membrane translocation the CTD is cleaved off and a glycan moiety is covalently attached anchoring the secreted proteins at the bacterial cell surface. Objective: Most of the CTD bearing proteins have only hypothetical functions assigned. It is plausible that these CTD bearing proteins may also play a crucial role in P. gingivalis pathogenesis. Therefore, …


Tobacco-Gene Activity Profile In Porphyromonas Gingivalis, Filifactor Alocis And Treponema Denticola., Neelima Chowdary Cherukumalli May 2016

Tobacco-Gene Activity Profile In Porphyromonas Gingivalis, Filifactor Alocis And Treponema Denticola., Neelima Chowdary Cherukumalli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Smoking is an established risk factor for periodontitis. Prior studies have shown that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) can induce profound phenotypic changes in Porphyromonas gingivalis and alters the virulence of this important periodontal pathogen. We hypothesized that CSE might also alter gene expression in established periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola, as well as in the emerging pathogen, Filifactor alocis. Oral bacteria were grown in CSE-conditioned medium (1000 ng/ml nicotine equivalents) or in unconditioned control medium. Total RNA was extracted and CSE-regulated genes were identified by comparison of the mRNA profiles of CSE with control cultures using RNA-Seq …


Porphyromonas Gingivalis Gingipains Induce A Pro-Inflammatory Extracellular Microenvironment : The Role Of Par-2 And Fibronectin., Jeffrey S. Marschall May 2016

Porphyromonas Gingivalis Gingipains Induce A Pro-Inflammatory Extracellular Microenvironment : The Role Of Par-2 And Fibronectin., Jeffrey S. Marschall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by severe tissue destruction of the gingiva and other tooth supporting structures; if left untreated, tooth loss and disintegration of the alveolar bone occurs. This chronic inflammatory state has been linked to other systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis is the major pathogenic microbe in periodontitis. The main virulence factors of P. gingivalis are the Arg-aa and Lys-aa gingipains, which are proteolytic enzymes implicated in a plethora of activities that allow P. gingivalis to subvert the human immune system in the oral cavity …


Comparison Of Digital Scanning And Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Techniques By Dmd Students : Instructional Efficiency And Attitudes Toward Technology., Alexander M. Marti Dec 2015

Comparison Of Digital Scanning And Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Techniques By Dmd Students : Instructional Efficiency And Attitudes Toward Technology., Alexander M. Marti

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this research was compare the ability of dental students to learn an digital scanner (3M LAVA) and material-based (PVS) impression techniques and to determine attitudes and preferences towards each. D2 dental students (n=25) were recruited and instructed on the use of 3M LAVA and PVS techniques using three pedagogic methods: 1) video lecture (P1), 2) investigator-led demonstration (P2), and 3) independent clinical exercise (P3). The amount of time for each pedagogic method was measured, averaged (± s.d.) and compared using Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks tests. A pre- and post-test was administered assessing their attitudes towards both techniques using a …


Synthesis And Functional Evaluation Of Peptide Modified Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles To Inhibit Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm Formation., Paridhi Kalia Dec 2015

Synthesis And Functional Evaluation Of Peptide Modified Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles To Inhibit Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm Formation., Paridhi Kalia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disorder that afflicts roughly 46% of the adults in the U.S. Currently, treatment of periodontal disease involves the removal of plaque from the gingival pocket (with possible antibiotic treatment) and if necessary, gingival surgery. To our knowledge, no therapeutic approach exists that promotes host-biofilm homeostasis by limiting pathogen recolonization of the oral cavity after prophylaxis or treatment. The interaction of the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis with commensal streptococci is critical for initiation of periodontitis and represents a target for limiting P. gingivalis colonization of the oral cavity. Previous studies showed that a synthetic peptide …


Vitamin A Is Essential For Proper Embryonic Submandibular Salivary Gland Growth., Deanna Ellene Buenger May 2015

Vitamin A Is Essential For Proper Embryonic Submandibular Salivary Gland Growth., Deanna Ellene Buenger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Submandibular salivary glands (SMG) are important for the production of saliva. Salivary glands may be damaged by autoimmune disease, surgery, or radiation therapy. Retinoic acid (RA) is a signaling metabolite derived from Vitamin A that is essential for proper embryonic growth and development; specifically for cardiovascular, limb and craniofacial development. The goal of this study was to determine if there is a reproducible defect in the growth of SMGs in RA deficient mouse embryos compared to wild type. This study aims to characterize SMG growth in RA deficient embryos and determine if the growth could be stimulated by RA in …


Evaluating The Marginal Integrity Of Lithium Disilicate Veneers Fabricated By Digital Impressions And Cad/Cam Compared To Conventional Techniques., Michael C. Guzelian May 2015

Evaluating The Marginal Integrity Of Lithium Disilicate Veneers Fabricated By Digital Impressions And Cad/Cam Compared To Conventional Techniques., Michael C. Guzelian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This in vitro study compared marginal gap size in anterior lithium disilicate veneers produced by conventional and digital impressions. One typodont right central incisor was prepared for an all-ceramic cast. Ten conventional veneers were fabricated using Type IV stone, PVS, and IPS e.max press, while ten digital veneers were fabricated using Lava COS (3M ESPE) and IPS e.max CAD/CAM processing and milling. Samples were divided double-blindly, captured at 45X magnification, evaluated at three images per orientation (B-D-M-P), and measured at three distances (largest, smallest, best fit) per image. Data points were entered into SPSS code for one-way and two-way ANOVA, …


The Role Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis In The Regulation Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers In Migration., Akintunde Ojo 1981- Dec 2014

The Role Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis In The Regulation Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers In Migration., Akintunde Ojo 1981-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A relationship between periodontal disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been demonstrated in recent studies. Porphyromonas gingivalis’ antigen have been found in oral cancer cells. The embryonic program “epithelial-mesenchymal transition” (EMT) is thought to trigger cancer invasion by allowing tumor cell propagation. The objective of this study was to examine the role of P. gingivalis in the expression of ZEB1, vimentin, and repression of miRNA-200 family as EMT prognostic markers in cancer cell metastasis. Human telomerase immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGK) cells were challenged with P. gingivalis strain ATCC 33277 in vitro for 24h at MOI 50 and 100. …


Interleukin-6 Production And Epithelial Cell Signaling By Telomerase Immortalized Gingival Keratinocytes In Porphyromonas Gingivalis Infection., Himabindu Vuddaraju Aug 2014

Interleukin-6 Production And Epithelial Cell Signaling By Telomerase Immortalized Gingival Keratinocytes In Porphyromonas Gingivalis Infection., Himabindu Vuddaraju

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

P. gingivalis is a major periodontal disease causing pathogen. Gingival epithelial cells being the first line of defense, interact and internalize the bacteria evoking a cell signaling response that finally leads to the release of cytokines. IL-6 is a potent pro- inflammatory cytokine, which is one of the responsible factors for bone resorption, a clinical manifestation of periodontitis. The experimental model study hypothesizes that P. gingivalis infection increases the production of IL-6 in telomerase immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGKs) through up-regulation of c-Jun (AP-1 reporter). We observed the IL-6 production post-infection with P. gingivalis WT ATCC33277 and mutants ?0482, ?Ndk and …


Cholinergic Inhibition Of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase In Immune Cells., Harrison Black, Aug 2014

Cholinergic Inhibition Of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase In Immune Cells., Harrison Black,

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) are proteins that have a unique role in immunity, tissue remodeling, and tumorigenesis. MMPs can break down extracellular components, release bioactive molecules, and act on pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other proteins to regulate varied aspects of inflammation and immunity. Nicotine (3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) pyridine), a key toxic component of tobacco, is thought to dysregulate matrix metalloproteinase secretion in immune cells. Aim: Examine the effect of nicotine on MMP9 secretion and activity in primary monocytes. Methods: Primary monocytes were stimulated with LPS (1 µg/ml) and Nicotine (100 ng/ml) and MMP9 secretion were studied. Gel zymography and ELISA techniques were …


Effect Of Metallic Restoration Artifacts On Maxillofacial Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images., Mitali Binani 1987- May 2014

Effect Of Metallic Restoration Artifacts On Maxillofacial Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images., Mitali Binani 1987-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Artifacts due to high-density objects (HDO) such as metallic dental restorations on maxillofacial cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images can render certain areas unsuitable for diagnosis. It was hypothesized that image quality due to HDO artifacts was affected by CBCT acquisition parameters and the number and configuration of HDO. Simulated complete maxillary and mandibular dental arches were constructed using dental stone and extracted teeth. Conservative coronal dental amalgam (MOD) restorations on premolar and molar teeth were used as HDOs. Gray values (GV) measured on uniform dental stone test cylinders at specific levels from the occlusal plane at three tooth locations …


Implementation Of An Oral Health Intervention For Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities., Brigit Rene Zaksek May 2014

Implementation Of An Oral Health Intervention For Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities., Brigit Rene Zaksek

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Often oral care is overlooked during the daily care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Due to the integration of adults with IDD from institutions into group homes and private homes, caregivers need to be taught to implement daily oral hygiene protocols. The purpose of this pilot study, conducted by the University of Louisville and the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, was to develop an oral hygiene plan for adults with IDD residing in group homes in the Louisville, Kentucky area that would ultimately improve their oral health and quality of life. This thesis focuses on the …


Neutrophils Alter Epithelial Response To Porphyromonas Gingivalis In A Gingival Crevice Model., Jessica Lynn Bondy-Carey 1987- May 2014

Neutrophils Alter Epithelial Response To Porphyromonas Gingivalis In A Gingival Crevice Model., Jessica Lynn Bondy-Carey 1987-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A gingival crevice model (epithelial cell-Porphyromonas gingivalis-neutrophil) was established and used to profile gingipain, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), MMP mediators [neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1)] and cytokine networks. Smoking is the primary environmental risk factor for periodontitis. Therefore, the influence of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was also monitored in the same model. Porphyromonas gingivalis alone induced low levels of interleukin-1b and interleukin-8 from epithelial cells, but high levels of both cytokines were produced on the addition of neutrophils. Exposure to CSE (100 and 1000 ng mL1 nicotine equivalency) significantly compromised P. gingivalis-induced cytokine secretion (both …


Clinical Efficacy Of Cross-Sectional Imaging Compared With Panoramic Imaging And Virtual 3d Models For The Assessment Of Dental Implant Placement., Moiz Ahmad Khan 1987- May 2014

Clinical Efficacy Of Cross-Sectional Imaging Compared With Panoramic Imaging And Virtual 3d Models For The Assessment Of Dental Implant Placement., Moiz Ahmad Khan 1987-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: This study compared the clinical efficacy of panoramic imaging and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in the optimal placement of virtual dental implants in the posterior edentulous bounded regions of the jaws. Material and methods: From a retrospective audit of patient records, fifty-two subjects were recruited with sixty-one dental implant sites in the maxilla and mandible. Physical measurements of the residual alveolar ridge were performed and consensus decisions of optimal implant length and bone graft necessity were obtained using reformatted panoramic alone (RP) or cross-sectional imaging (XS). Results: Horizontal restorative space measurements greater for RP (p=0.001). Shorter implants were …