Dentistry Commons^™

Clinical Evaluation Of Winged Versus Wingless Rubber Dam Clamps In Single Tooth Isolation – A Randomized Clinical Study, Rohan Jiteshkumar Doshi, Nimisha Chinmay Shah, R S Mohan Kumar, Ruchi Shah, Niral Kotecha

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Context:

Retention of the rubber dam is done with metallic or nonmetallic clamps for isolation. The two types of metallic clamps most frequently used are winged and wingless. The clinical efficacy of both clamps is needed to be compared.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the postoperative pain and clinical efficacy of winged clamps and wingless metallic clamps in rubber dam isolation of permanent molars in class I restoration.

Materials and Methods:

After obtaining ethical approval and CTRI registration, a total of 60 patients with mild-to-moderate deep class I caries were included after obtaining informed …

Efficacy Of Delta Plate In Condylar Fracture: A Case Series With Review, Aniket Sarkar, Lahari Banerjee, Samiran Ghosh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of mandibular condylar fracture with a three dimensional stabilization has been a controversial topic in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Miniplates and many 3D plates have been used till now for fixation of condylar fracture and delta plate is one of them. Present literature has less evidence about which one is superior over another. We have tried to evaluate the clinical performance of the delta miniplate in this study. A total of 10 patients presenting mandibular condylar fracture were treated by ORIF using delta miniplate. Dimensional details were measured of 10 dry human mandibles. At …

Development Of Quality Measures To Assess Tooth Decay Outcomes From Electronic Health Record Data, Ryan G Brandon, Suhasini Bangar, Alfa Yansane, Ana Neumann, Joanna M Mullins, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Muhammad F Walji, Joel M White

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To develop outcomes of care quality measures derived from the dental electronic health record (EHR) to assess the occurrence and timely treatment of tooth decay.

Methods: Quality measures were developed to assess whether decay was treated within 6 months and if new decay occurred in patients seen. Using EHR-derived data of the state of each tooth surface, algorithms compared the patient's teeth at different dates to determine if decay was treated or new decay had occurred. Manual chart reviews were conducted at three sites to validate the measures. The measures were implemented and scores were calculated for three sites …

The Effect Direction Should Be Taken Into Account When Assessing Small-Study Effects, Zhuo Meng, Chong Wu, Lifeng Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Studies with statistically significant results are frequently more likely to be published than those with non-significant results. This phenomenon leads to publication bias or small-study effects and can seriously affect the validity of the conclusion from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Small-study effects typically appear in a specific direction, depending on whether the outcome of interest is beneficial or harmful, but this direction is rarely taken into account in conventional methods.

METHODS: We propose to use directional tests to assess potential small-study effects. The tests are built on a one-sided testing framework based on the existing Egger's regression test. We …

Curq+, A Next-Generation Formulation Of Curcumin, Ameliorates Growth Plate Chondrocyte Stress And Increases Limb Growth In A Mouse Model Of Pseudoachondroplasia, Jacqueline T Hecht, Alka C Veerisetty, Mohammad G Hossain, Frankie Chiu, Karen L Posey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) causes protein misfolding and accumulation in chondrocytes that compromises skeletal growth and joint health in pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a severe dwarfing condition. Using the MT-COMP mice, a murine model of PSACH, we showed that pathological autophagy blockage was key to the intracellular accumulation of mutant-COMP. Autophagy is blocked by elevated mTORC1 signaling, preventing ER clearance and ensuring chondrocyte death. We demonstrated that resveratrol reduces the growth plate pathology by relieving the autophagy blockage allowing the ER clearance of mutant-COMP, which partially rescues limb length. To expand potential PSACH treatment options, CurQ+, a uniquely absorbable …

Factors For Poor Oral Health In Long-Term Childhood Cancer Survivors, Tushar Patni, Chun-Teh Lee, Yimei Li, Sue Kaste, Liang Zhu, Ryan Sun, Melissa M Hudson, Kirsten K Ness, Ana Neumann, Leslie L Robison

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for therapy-related dental diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate the associations between clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic factors and oral diseases in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE) participants.

Methods: We performed a retrospective medical chart review and evaluated longitudinal self-reported dental outcomes in 4856 childhood cancer survivors and 591 community controls participating in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE) study. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the impact of socioeconomic factors, treatment exposures and patient demographics on dental outcomes.

Results: Cancer survivors were more likely …

Optimizing Teaching Effectiveness In Dental Education For A New Generation Of Learners, Christopher J Walinski, Joe C Ontiveros, Fei Liu, Geralyn Crain, Saynur Vardar-Sengul

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Today's dental students, Generation Z (Gen Z), are said to learn differently than those of previous generations. As generations of dental students vary, our teaching styles must keep up with unique and changing groups of individuals.

Methods: This article discusses learner-focused teaching methods including techniques that address the characteristics of Gen Z learners. Blended learning methods that combine online media with traditional face-to-face sessions, team-based learning, and a flipped classroom format have previously been suggested as ways to increase learning effectiveness and student satisfaction.

Results: In this paper, the characteristics and preferences of Gen Z students are described along …

Ageanno: A Knowledgebase Of Single-Cell Annotation Of Aging In Human, Kexin Huang, Hoaran Gong, Jingjing Guan, Lingxiao Zhang, Changbao Hu, Weiling Zhao, Liyu Huang, Wei Zhang, Pora Kim, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aging is a complex process that accompanied by molecular and cellular alterations. The identification of tissue-/cell type-specific biomarkers of aging and elucidation of the detailed biological mechanisms of aging-related genes at the single-cell level can help to understand the heterogeneous aging process and design targeted anti-aging therapeutics. Here, we built AgeAnno (https://relab.xidian.edu.cn/AgeAnno/#/), a knowledgebase of single cell annotation of aging in human, aiming to provide comprehensive characterizations for aging-related genes across diverse tissue-cell types in human by using single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing data (scRNA and scATAC). The current version of AgeAnno houses 1 678 610 cells from 28 healthy …

Roles Of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators And Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Periodontal Inflammation And Impact On Oral Microbiota, Chun-Teh Lee, Gena D Tribble

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by dysbiotic dental biofilms. Management of periodontitis is primarily anti-bacterial via mechanical removal of bacterial biofilm. The successful resolution requires wound healing and tissue regeneration, which are not always achieved with these traditional methods. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a class of lipid mediators that induce the resolution of inflammation and promote local tissue homeostasis, creates another option for the treatment of periodontitis and other diseases of chronic inflammation. In this mini-review, we discuss the host-modulatory effects of SPMs on periodontal tissues and changes in the taxonomic composition of the gut …

Use Gpt-J Prompt Generation With Roberta For Ner Models On Diagnosis Extraction Of Periodontal Diagnosis From Electronic Dental Records, Yao-Shun Chuang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Chun-Teh Lee, Ryan Brandon, Duong Tran, Oluwabunmi Tokede, Muhammad F Walji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study explored the usability of prompt generation on named entity recognition (NER) tasks and the performance in different settings of the prompt. The prompt generation by GPT-J models was utilized to directly test the gold standard as well as to generate the seed and further fed to the RoBERTa model with the spaCy package. In the direct test, a lower ratio of negative examples with higher numbers of examples in prompt achieved the best results with a F1 score of 0.72. The performance revealed consistency, 0.92-0.97 in the F1 score, in all settings after training with the RoBERTa model. …

Large-Scale Exome Array Summary Statistics Resources For Glycemic Traits To Aid Effector Gene Prioritization, Sara M Willems, Natasha H J Ng, Juan Fernandez, Rebecca S Fine, Eleanor Wheeler, Jennifer Wessel, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Gaelle Marenne, Xueling Sim, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Shuai Wang, Sai Chen, Yuning Chen, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Niels Grarup, Ruifang Li-Gao, Tibor V Varga, Jennifer L Asimit, Shuang Feng, Rona J Strawbridge, Erica L Kleinbrink, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Ping An, Emil V Appel, Dan E Arking, Juha Auvinen, Lawrence F Bielak, Nathan A Bihlmeyer, Jette Bork-Jensen, Jennifer A Brody, Archie Campbell, Audrey Y Chu, Gail Davies, Ayse Demirkan, James S Floyd, Franco Giulianini, Xiuqing Guo, Stefan Gustafsson, Anne U Jackson, Johanna Jakobsdottir, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Richard A Jensen, Stavroula Kanoni, Sirkka Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Man Li, Yingchang Lu, Jian'an Luan, Alisa K Manning, Jonathan Marten, Karina Meidtner, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Taulant Muka, Giorgio Pistis, Bram Prins, Kenneth M Rice, Serena Sanna, Albert Vernon Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Lorraine Southam, Heather M Stringham, Vinicius Tragante, Sander W Van Der Laan, Helen R Warren, Jie Yao, Andrianos M Yiorkas, Weihua Zhang, Wei Zhao, Mariaelisa Graff, Heather M Highland, Anne E Justice, Eirini Marouli, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Saima Afaq, Wesam A Alhejily, Najaf Amin, Folkert W Asselbergs, Lori L Bonnycastle, Michiel L Bots, Ivan Brandslund, Ji Chen, John Danesh, Renée De Mutsert, Abbas Dehghan, Tapani Ebeling, Paul Elliott, Epic-Interact Consortium, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Jessica D Faul, Paul W Franks, Steve Franks, Andreas Fritsche, Anette P Gjesing, Mark O Goodarzi, Vilmundur Gudnason, Göran Hallmans, Tamara B Harris, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Marie-France Hivert, Torben Jørgensen, Marit E Jørgensen, Pekka Jousilahti, Eero Kajantie, Maria Karaleftheri, Sharon L R Kardia, Leena Kinnunen, Heikki A Koistinen, Pirjo Komulainen, Peter Kovacs, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Leslie A Lange, Lenore J Launer, Aaron Leong, Jaana Lindström, Jocelyn E Manning Fox, Satu Männistö, Nisa M Maruthur, Leena Moilanen, Antonella Mulas, Mike A Nalls, Matthew Neville, James S Pankow, Alison Pattie, Eva R B Petersen, Hannu Puolijoki, Asif Rasheed, Paul Redmond, Frida Renström, Michael Roden, Danish Saleheen, Juha Saltevo, Kai Savonen, Sylvain Sebert, Tea Skaaby, Kerrin S Small, Alena Stančáková, Jakob Stokholm, Konstantin Strauch, E-Shyong Tai, Kent D Taylor, Betina H Thuesen, Anke Tönjes, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Understanding Society Scientific Group;, Matti Uusitupa, Marja Vääräsmäki, Ilonca Vaartjes, Magdalena Zoledziewska, Goncalo Abecasis, Beverley Balkau, Hans Bisgaard, Alexandra I Blakemore, Matthias Blüher, Heiner Boeing, Eric Boerwinkle, Klaus Bønnelykke, Erwin P Bottinger, Mark J Caulfield, John C Chambers, Daniel I Chasman, Ching-Yu Cheng, Francis S Collins, Josef Coresh, Francesco Cucca, Gert J De Borst, Ian J Deary, George Dedoussis, Panos Deloukas, Hester M Den Ruijter, Josée Dupuis, Michele K Evans, Ele Ferrannini, Oscar H Franco, Harald Grallert, Torben Hansen, Andrew T Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Joel N Hirschhorn, Arfan Ikram, Erik Ingelsson, Fredrik Karpe, Kay-Tee Kaw, Wieland Kiess, Jaspal S Kooner, Antje Körner, Timo Lakka, Claudia Langenberg, Lars Lind, Cecilia M Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Leonard Lipovich, Ching-Ti Liu, Jun Liu, Yongmei Liu, Ruth J F Loos, Patrick E Macdonald, Karen L Mohlke, Andrew D Morris, Patricia B Munroe, Alison Murray, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Colin N A Palmer, Gerard Pasterkamp, Oluf Pedersen, Patricia A Peyser, Ozren Polasek, David Porteous, Michael A Province, Bruce M Psaty, Rainer Rauramaa, Paul M Ridker, Olov Rolandsson, Patrik Rorsman, Frits R Rosendaal, Igor Rudan, Veikko Salomaa, Matthias B Schulze, Robert Sladek, Blair H Smith, Timothy D Spector, John M Starr, Michael Stumvoll, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Mark Walker, Nick J Wareham, David R Weir, James G Wilson, Tien Yin Wong, Eleftheria Zeggini, Alan B Zonderman, Jerome I Rotter, Andrew P Morris, Michael Boehnke, Jose C Florez, Mark I Mccarthy, James B Meigs, Anubha Mahajan, Robert A Scott, Anna L Gloyn, Inês Barroso

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Genome-wide association studies for glycemic traits have identified hundreds of loci associated with these biomarkers of glucose homeostasis. Despite this success, the challenge remains to link variant associations to genes, and underlying biological pathways.

Methods: To identify coding variant associations which may pinpoint effector genes at both novel and previously established genome-wide association loci, we performed meta-analyses of exome-array studies for four glycemic traits: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, up to 144,060 participants), fasting glucose (FG, up to 129,665 participants), fasting insulin (FI, up to 104,140) and 2hr glucose post-oral glucose challenge (2hGlu, up to 57,878). In addition, we performed network …

Dental Claires: Contrastive Language Image Retrieval Search For Dental Research, Tanjida Kabir, Luyao Chen, Muhammad F Walji, Luca Giancardo, Xiaoqian Jiang, Shayan Shams

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Learning about diagnostic features and related clinical information from dental radiographs is important for dental research. However, the lack of expert-annotated data and convenient search tools poses challenges. Our primary objective is to design a search tool that uses a user's query for oral-related research. The proposed framework,

Repair Of Complex Ovine Segmental Mandibulectomy Utilizing Customized Tissue Engineered Bony Flaps, Emma Watson, Hannah A Pearce, Katie J Hogan, Natasja W M Van Dijk, Mollie M Smoak, Sergio Barrios, Brandon T Smith, Alexander M Tatara, Timothy C Woernley, Jonathan Shum, Craig B Pearl, James C Melville, Tang Ho, Issa A Hanna, Nagi Demian, Jeroen J J P Van Den Beucken, John A Jansen, Mark E Wong, Antonios G Mikos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Craniofacial defects require a treatment approach that provides both robust tissues to withstand the forces of mastication and high geometric fidelity that allows restoration of facial architecture. When the surrounding soft tissue is compromised either through lack of quantity (insufficient soft tissue to enclose a graft) or quality (insufficient vascularity or inducible cells), a vascularized construct is needed for reconstruction. Tissue engineering using customized 3D printed bioreactors enables the generation of mechanically robust, vascularized bony tissues of the desired geometry. While this approach has been shown to be effective when utilized for reconstruction of non-load bearing ovine angular defects and …

Influences Of Race/Ethnicity In Periodontal Treatment Response And Bacterial Distribution, A Cohort Pilot Study, Bing-Yan Wang, Grayson Burgardt, Kavitha Parthasarathy, Daniel K Ho, Robin L Weltman, Gena D Tribble, Jianming Hong, Stanley Cron, Hua Xie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Periodontitis disproportionately affects different racial and ethnic populations. We have previously reported the higher levels of

METHODS: This prospective cohort pilot study was carried out in an academic setting, at the School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Dental plaque was collected from a total of 75 African Americans, Caucasians and Hispanics periodontitis patients in a 3-year period. Quantitation of

RESULTS: The gains in clinical attachment levels after treatment significantly differed amongst the 3 groups-Caucasians responded most favorably, followed by African-Americans, lastly Hispanics, while numbers of

CONCLUSION: Differential response to nonsurgical periodontal treatment and distribution …

Identification Of Microbiological Factors Associated With Periodontal Health Disparities, Bing-Yan Wang, Aize Cao, Meng-Hsuan Ho, Derek Wilus, Sally Sheng, Hsiu-Wan Meng, Elissa Guerra, Jianming Hong, Hua Xie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The present study aimed at identifying risk factors associated with periodontitis development and periodontal health disparities with emphasis on differential oral microbiota. The prevalence of periodontitis is recently rising dentate adults in the US, which presents a challenge to oral health and overall health. The risk of developing periodontitis is higher in African Americans (AAs), and Hispanic Americans (HAs) than in Caucasian Americans (CAs). To identify potentially microbiological determinations of periodontal health disparities, we examined the distribution of several potentially beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavities of AA, CA, and HA study participants. Dental plaque samples from 340 …

Editorial: The Impact Of Inflammation On The Oral Microbiome, Chun-Teh Lee, Loreto Abusleme, Thomas E Van Dyke

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Peripheral Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report And Comprehensive Review Of 60 Years Of Literature, Sally Sheng, Nicholas Tipton, Jennifer Chang, Hsiu-Wan Meng, Gena D Tribble

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Peripheral Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (PCOC) is the extraosseous form of calcifying odontogenic cyst that is limited to peripheral soft tissue without bony involvement. This case report presents a case of PCOC manifested as a progressive growth of gingival mass in a young male treated with excisional biopsy. Histological examination confirmed diagnosis of PCOC with presence of characteristic ghost cells and sporadic calcifications. No recurrence of the lesion and no complication were noted at three-year follow-up. Review of available literature on PCOC noted a predilection of occurrence in the mandible (61%) and in the anterior area of the jaws (58%). Mean …

Assessing The Most Vulnerable Subgroup To Type Ii Diabetes Associated With Statin Usage: Evidence From Electronic Health Record Data, Xinzhou Guo, Waverly Wei, Molei Liu, Tianxi Cai, Chong Wu, Jingshen Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There have been increased concerns that the use of statins, one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for treating coronary artery disease, is potentially associated with the increased risk of new-onset Type II diabetes (T2D). Nevertheless, to date, there is no robust evidence supporting as to whether and what kind of populations are indeed vulnerable for developing T2D after taking statins. In this case study, leveraging the biobank and electronic health record data in the Partner Health System, we introduce a new data analysis pipeline and a novel statistical methodology that address existing limitations by (i) designing a rigorous causal …

Accelerometer-Measured Latent Physical Activity Profiles And Neurocognition Among Middle-Aged And Older Hispanic/Latino Adults In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol)\, Priscilla M Vásquez, Wassim Tarraf, Albert Chai, Adit Doza, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Keith M Diaz, Zvinka Z Zlatar, Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu, Linda C Gallo, Mayra L Estrella, Elizabeth Vásquez, Kelly R Evenson, Tasneem Khambaty, Bharat Thyagarajan, Richard H Singer, Neil Schneiderman, Martha L Daviglus, Hector M González

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Derive latent profiles of accelerometry-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for Hispanic/Latino adults, examine associations between latent MVPA profiles and neurocognition, and describe profiles via self-reported MVPA.

Methods: Complex survey design methods were applied to cross-sectional data from 7,672 adults ages 45-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; 2008-2011). MVPA was measured via hip-worn accelerometers. Latent profile analysis was applied to derive latent MVPA profiles (minutes/day of week). Neurocognition was assessed with the Brief-Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT) Sum, B-SEVLT Recall, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (word fluency), and Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test. All …

Successful Treatment Of Myofascial Pain Syndrome (Mps) With Surgical Cauterization Of Temporalis Muscle Trigger Points: A Case Report, Craig Pearl, Brendan Moxley, Andrew Perry, Nagi Demian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

For patients suffering from myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) affecting muscles of mastication, traditional trigger point therapy treatment regimens can prove inconvenient, due to the short duration of pain relief after each injection and expense of repeated visits which are often not covered by insurance. We present a case of a patient treated using an alternative technique that could develop into an additional modality for treating MPS patients who are refractory to conservative treatment. This technique involves identifying and marking the patient's trigger points and surgically cauterizing each location using a Bovie electrosurgical unit. While traditional trigger point injection therapy for …

Design For A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial To Evaluate The Effects Of The Catch Healthy Smiles School-Based Oral Health Promotion Intervention Among Elementary School Children, Ru-Jye Chuang, Courtney Byrd-Williams, Jose-Miguel Yamal, Kila Johnson, Steven Kelder, Suchitra Nelson, Dania Mofleh, Shreela V Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The top two oral diseases (tooth decay and gum disease) are preventable, yet dental caries is the most common childhood disease with 68% of children entering kindergarten having tooth decay. CATCH Healthy Smiles is a coordinated school health program to prevent cavities for students in kindergarten, 1st, and 2nd grade, and is based on the framework of Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH), an evidence-based coordinated school health program. CATCH has undergone several cluster-randomized controlled trials (CRCT) demonstrating sustainable long-term effectiveness in incorporating the factors surrounding children, in improving eating and physical activity behaviors, and reductions in obesity prevalence …

Clinical And Patient-Reported Outcomes After Recession Coverage Using Modified Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access With A Volume-Stable Collagen Matrix As Compared To A Coronally Advanced Flap With A Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft, Chun-Teh Lee, Marlena Lange, Alain Jureidini, Nurit Bittner, Ulrike Schulze-Späte

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Coronally advanced split-or full-thickness (CAST or CAFT) flaps in combination with subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTGs) are commonly used in root-coverage procedures despite postoperative pain and bleeding from the graft donor site. Therefore, the modified vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access procedure (VISTAX) uses a novel collagen matrix (VCMX) instead of autogenous tissue to address the limitations associated with autogenous tissue grafting. This retrospective study compared the clinical outcomes of VISTAX to the results obtained after using a CAST or CAFT flap in combination with SCTG for root coverage.

Methods: Patients with single or multiple adjacent recession I/II defects were …

Massive Macroglossia, A Rare Side Effect Of Covid-19: Clinical, Histologic, And Genomic Findings In Covid-19-Positive Versus Covid-19-Negative Patients, Victoria A Mañón, David Chubb, Laura S Farach, Rachid Karam, Mary C Farach-Carson, Nadarajah Vigneswaran, Karan Saluja, Simon Young, Mark Wong, James C Melville

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study is to identify if there is an underlying genetic predisposition for COVID-related macroglossia and if this susceptibility is higher among individuals of African heritage. Secondary objectives include determining if genetic testing of COVID-infected patients who are intubated and prone could identify patients with higher susceptibility to the development of macroglossia.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed for each patient, and prospectively, genetic and histopathologic analyses were completed. Whole-exome sequencing was completed on two patients; immunohistochemistry was completed on the COVID-positive tissue samples.

RESULTS: Histopathology of the COVID-positive patient revealed significant peri-lymphocytic infiltrate, …

The Fate Of Early Perichondrial Cells In Developing Bones, Yuki Matsushita, Angel Ka Yan Chu, Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai, Shion Orikasa, Mizuki Nagata, Sunny Y Wong, Joshua D Welch, Wanida Ono, Noriaki Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In endochondral bone development, bone-forming osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells have dual origins in the fetal cartilage and its surrounding perichondrium. However, how early perichondrial cells distinctively contribute to developing bones remain unidentified. Here we show using in vivo cell-lineage analyses that Dlx5+ fetal perichondrial cells marked by Dlx5-creER do not generate cartilage but sustainably contribute to cortical bone and marrow stromal compartments in a manner complementary to fetal chondrocyte derivatives under the regulation of Hedgehog signaling. Postnatally, Dlx5+ fetal perichondrial cell derivatives preferentially populate the diaphyseal marrow stroma with a dormant adipocyte-biased state and are refractory to parathyroid …

Influence Of The Peek Abutments On Mechanical Behavior Of The Internal Connections Single Implant, Jefferson David Melo De Matos, Guilherme Da Rocha Scalzer Lopes, Daher Antonio Queiroz, André Luiz Jesus Pereira, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti, Nathália De Carvalho Ramos, Vinicius Lino, Flavio Rosa De Oliveira, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges, Marco Antonio Bottino

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The present study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of PEEK abutments with different heights on single titanium implants. To investigate the implant surface, different tests (scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction) were adopted. Herein, 20 implants received the 4.5 × 4.0 mm PEEK short abutment (SA) and 20 received the 4.5 × 5.5 mm PEEK long abutment (LA). The abutments were installed using dual-cure resin cement. To determine the fatigue test, two specimens from each group were submitted to the single load fracture test. For this, the samples were submitted to a compressive load of (0.5 mm/min; …

The Mechanism Of Bone Repair: Stem Cells In The Periosteum Dedicated To Bridging A Large Gap, Noriaki Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bone repair requires the mobilization of stem cells from outer periosteum and inner bone marrow. A study by Jeffery et al.

Effect Of Selective Decontamination Of The Digestive Tract On Hospital Mortality In Critically Ill Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Clinical Trial, The Suddicu Investigators For The Australian And New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group, John A Myburgh, Ian M Seppelt, Fiona Goodman, Laurent Billot, Maryam Correa, Joshua S Davis, Anthony C Gordon, Naomi E Hammond, Jon Iredell, Qiang Li, Sharon Micallef, Jennene Miller, Jayanthi Mysore, Colman Taylor, Paul J Young, Brian H Cuthbertson, Simon R Finfer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Whether selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) reduces mortality in critically ill patients remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether SDD reduces in-hospital mortality in critically ill adults.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cluster, crossover, randomized clinical trial that recruited 5982 mechanically ventilated adults from 19 intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia between April 2018 and May 2021 (final follow-up, August 2021). A contemporaneous ecological assessment recruited 8599 patients from participating ICUs between May 2017 and August 2021.

INTERVENTIONS: ICUs were randomly assigned to adopt or not adopt a SDD strategy for 2 alternating 12-month periods, separated by a …

A Comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Framework For Dental Diagnosis And Charting, Tanjida Kabir, Chun-Teh Lee, Luyao Chen, Xiaoqian Jiang, Shayan Shams

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to develop artificial intelligence (AI) guided framework to recognize tooth numbers in panoramic and intraoral radiographs (periapical and bitewing) without prior domain knowledge and arrange the intraoral radiographs into a full mouth series (FMS) arrangement template. This model can be integrated with different diseases diagnosis models, such as periodontitis or caries, to facilitate clinical examinations and diagnoses.

METHODS: The framework utilized image segmentation models to generate the masks of bone area, tooth, and cementoenamel junction (CEJ) lines from intraoral radiographs. These masks were used to detect and extract teeth bounding boxes utilizing several …

Management Of Trigeminal Neuralgia With Botulinum Toxin Type A: Report Of Two Cases, Craig Pearl, Brendan Moxley, Andrew Perry, Nagi Demian, Cyndie Dallaire-Giroux

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition associated with sharp, shock-like pain in one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. For patients who do not respond well to pharmacotherapy, there is growing evidence that Botulinum toxin type A injections into the trigeminal ganglion provide pain relief for several weeks up to several months at a time. One option is to administer injections into the trigeminal ganglion in Meckel's cave by inserting a needle through the Pterygopalatine Fossa using fluoroscopy to guide and confirm the proper needle placement. However, there is evidence that Botulinum toxin travels across nerve synapses; thus, …

Primary Failure Of Tooth Eruption: Etiology And Management, Tetsutaro Yamaguchi, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Tatsuo Shirota, Yoichi Miyamoto, Wanida Ono, Noriaki Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a rare disorder defined as incomplete tooth eruption despite the presence of a clear eruption pathway. PFE is known to be caused by rare variants in the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor gene (PTH1R). Although several PTH1R variants have been reported, the etiology of PFE remains unclear. However, important studies that help elucidate the pathology of PFE have recently been published. The purpose of this review is to summarize current treatment options, clinical symptoms or phenotypes for diagnosis, genetic information including solid evidence in mouse disease models and disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells, …