Speech Pathology and Audiology Commons^™

Detecting Cognitive Load During Working Memory Tasks Utilizing A Digitizer Tablet, Cassandra K. Ward, Pradyumn Srivastava

Rehabilitation, Human Resources and Communication Disorders Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this line of research is to determine whether the ‘Digitizer’ is a reliable and valid way to measure cognitive load during dual working memory-drawing tasks. A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the University of Arkansas in a research laboratory, and participants included seven right-handed healthy adults with normal or corrected vision and no reading difficulty. The participants were selected on a volunteer basis. The study required participants to draw circles while continuously performing in three conditions – one baseline and two working memory experimental tasks, administered in counterbalanced order. The baseline task was to read an 8 …

Need For Speech-Language Pathologists In Juvenile Detention Centers In Arkansas, Jessica R. Stephenson

Rehabilitation, Human Resources and Communication Disorders Undergraduate Honors Theses

Young offenders in juvenile detention centers (JDCs) have a higher than average incidence of communication difficulties. There is limited published research on incidence of communication disorders and intervention techniques on this population in Arkansas. Speechlanguage pathologists (SLP) have been implemented in the JDC setting in other countries to determine if having speech-language therapy services will benefit juvenile offenders with their legal experiences and their lives post release. The limited research that is available identifies the need for a full range of speech-language therapy services to lower recidivism rates and provide offenders with the necessary tools for functional communication. The first …

An Internationally Adopted Child's Transition: A Family Story, Holly C. Heckmann

Rehabilitation, Human Resources and Communication Disorders Undergraduate Honors Theses

The goal of this study was to contribute to the literature on international adoption by conducting a case study with one adoptive family. Data was collected using a semi-structured, in-depth interview that was audio recorded and transcribed word-for-word. The interview questions asked about family configuration, language background and use, adoptive family decisions about cultural inclusiveness, and the transition from home to school. The analysis was member-checked following coding for the themes that emerged. Results indicated that lingering differences from reduced exposure to language in the first year of life took the form of subtle language differences that continued through the …

The Shaping Of Motherhood: How Raising A Child Who Stutters Impacts Identity, Madeline Wagnon

Rehabilitation, Human Resources and Communication Disorders Undergraduate Honors Theses

The ways that raising a child who stutters shapes the identity of parents, particularly mothers, has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the shaping of motherhood by the stuttering experiences of children. Three mothers who have parented children who stuttered at some point in their lives participated. A semi-structured, audio-recorded interview was used to gather data. Each interview was transcribed and read for major and minor themes, which were subsequently member checked for accuracy. Results revealed major themes of attachment, family dynamic, acceptance, empathy, and control, including control efforts and lack of control. Common emotions …

Validity Of The Communication Function Classification System For Use With Preschool Children With Communication Disorders, Mary Jo Cooley Hidecker, Barbara Jane Cunningham, Nancy Thomas-Stonell, Bruce Oddson, Peter Rosenbaum

PRECISe Preschool Speech and Language Publications

Aim: To evaluate construct validity of the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) for use with preschoolers with a range of speech and language disorders. Method: Seventy-seven preschoolers with speech and language disorders (M = 2.7 years, SD = 1.02 years) (50 males) participated in this cohort study. Preschoolers had speech and language, language-only, or speech-only disorders. Together with parent input, SLPs completed the CFCS at Time 1. Parents and SLPs then independently completed a validated change-detecting functional communication outcome measure, the Focus on Communication Outcomes Under Six (FOCUS©) three times – at assessment (Time 1), at the start of treatment …

A Healthy Subject’S Perspective Undergoing Dysphagia Diets, Carmen J. Meyer

Honors Projects

Because there are only a small number of publications that have examined dysphagia from the perspective of people living with this disorder, the primary purpose of this project is to help expand the clinical knowledge base by systematically recording and analyzing the experiences of a healthy subject placed on modified consistency diets. The first component of this project addresses research pertaining to swallowing disorders, diet levels on which clients with swallowing disorders are placed, medical conditions associated with dysphagia, the process that clinicians follow when making decisions about modified diets, and the emotional effects of being placed on a modified …

The Effect Of Wideband And Narrowband Noise On The Olivocochlear Bundle And The Cochlear Microphonic, Catherine Nicole Palmietto

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

In humans, activation of the olivocochlear bundle (OCB) can have a suppression or enhancement effect on cochlear processes. This phenomenon was studied via OCB activation effects on otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). However, it has been suggested that cochlear microphonics (CMs) can provide better, more detailed information regarding OCB function. In the present study, 22 normal hearing female subjects between the ages of 18-30 were recruited and the OCB was examined via the recording of CMs under changes in three conditions: OCB activating noise, stimulus polarity and stimulus frequency. Specifically, the present study examines the effects of activating wideband noise and narrowband …

Speech Inconsistency In Children With Childhood Apraxia Of Speech, Language Impairment, And Speech Delay: Depends On The Stimuli, Jenya Iuzzini-Seigel, Tiffany P. Hogan, Jordan R. Green

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

The current research sought to determine (a) if speech inconsistency is a core feature of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) or if it is driven by comorbid language impairment that affects a large subset of children with CAS and (b) if speech inconsistency is a sensitive and specific diagnostic marker that can differentiate between CAS and speech delay.

Spontaneous Vocal Matching In Mothers And Their Hearing Impaired Infants With Cochlear Implants : A Quantitative Analysis., Lydia Doggett

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Vocal matching, the ability to imitate phonetic properties of speech, was examined in spontaneous interactions of sixteen dyads of mothers and their hearing-impaired (HI) infants with cochlear implants and age-matched normal-hearing (NH) infants. Mother-infant dyads came to three sessions at three, six, and 12 months post-implantation. Vocal matching was defined as an instance of perceptual and acoustic similarity of vowels and consonants between adjacent maternal and infant utterances. Vocal matching occurred in 25% to 50% of infant and in 17% to 64% of mother vocalizations across dyads. Both mothers and infants in the HI group produced fewer matches as compared …

Prevalence Of Communication Disorders In Children With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome On School Speech-Language Pathology Caseloads: A National Survey, Brittany V. Ratliff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is concern about the recently increasing number of infants born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), yet little is known about its long-term neurodevelopmental effects. School-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are in a unique position to comment on potential long-term consequences of NAS because their caseloads include children with a variety of communication disorders and comorbidities. School-based SLPs across the United States (N = 258) responded to a survey about the presence of children with NAS on their caseloads and their perceptions of the children’s communication disorders and comorbidities. Results revealed that children with NAS currently are being treated by …

Pitch Perception In Preschool-Age Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing, Megan Lambert

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This research thesis will 1) provide an overview of the psychoacoustics of music perception, particularly as related to the properties of pitch perception in young children and 2) describe the methods and outcomes of an exploratory study to evaluate the efficacy of obtaining pitch perception data from preschool age children with hearing loss. Each child completed a series of three tasks, including coaching and practice, single note perception, and pitch contrasts. All of the children readily understood the single-note pitch perception task. Pitch contrast performance across participants ranged from 50% to 96% correct for the first data collection period and …

Effects Of Sleep Deprivation With 110-Minute Rest Period On Postural Control In Young Adults, Whitney L. Hayden

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) is used by many different professionals as an objective tool to measure different aspects of postural control. For audiologists, CDP is used to assess the vestibular system and its interactions with the somatosensory and visual systems. There is evidence that postural control is negatively affected by sleep deprivation. To date, there is limited knowledge on whether a 110-minute rest period will improve or even restore postural control abilities back to baseline. The present study was designed to further study the effects of sleep deprivation on different aspects of postural control and to examine the effectiveness of …

Voices In Treble: Self-Reported Vocal Health Of Student Singers, Jane Dreier

Honors Projects

The investigator examined reports of vocal health among singers in two different choral groups on a university campus, a population consisting of both music majors and non-music majors. These student singers consented to filling out a 36-question survey that asked about their overall vocal health and daily habits that might affect that health. A section of this survey involved rating answers from 0-4, while the other section required write-in answers. Results indicate that there is no significant difference in self-reported vocal health between music majors and non-music majors, although there were minor differences between these populations regarding daily habits, such …

The Impact Of Different Levels Of Instruction On The Outcomes Of Using A Personal Sound Amplifier Product, Shannon Willingham

AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders

Personal sound amplifiers (PSAPs) provide accessible and affordable healthcare to hearing impaired individuals that would otherwise not seek treatment. Like a self-fitting hearing aid, PSAPs do not involve an audiology service. The current pilot study investigated the impact different levels of instruction have on the effectiveness of using a personal sound amplifier product for four participants with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Basic written instruction and premium audiology services were utilized to teach participants how to use the device. Preliminary data suggested that the acquired knowledge, skills, and outcomes of using the PSAPs were similar between two levels of …

Bilingualism And The American Family, Caitlin M. Nickerson

Senior Honors Projects

Bilingualism is the ability to speak more than one language fluently. People of all ages may aspire to learn a second or third language in order to fulfill both personal goals and communicate with a variety of people in different contexts. Irrespective of one’s walk of life or socioeconomic status, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Although English is the language of power in the United States, there are hundreds of other languages spoken in this country.

There are a number of different ways in which children can become bilingual. For example, they may enter the school system speaking the …

Aided Communication For Adults With Developmental Disabilities, Lindsay Bolding

Honors Projects

This honors project is a series of templates that will serve as a guide for residential facilities for individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities. What is the most effective way to facilitate communication in residential facilities for adults with developmental disabilities? While working at this type of facility during my time at Bowling Green State University, I have witnessed a need for implementation of new communication routes in the homes. While skill building such as communication is stressed in the homes, plans for staff to fulfill these skills can be lacking. The templates I have created can be used …

Improving Access To Communication For Adults With Aphasia Using "Aphasia-Friendly" Accommodations, Chandler Hodgkin

Honors Theses

Accessing written health information is vital to any health visit (Blackstone, Beukelman, & Yorkston, 2015). People who have difficulty comprehending written text have difficulty understanding health-related information because it is usually written at a complex levels (Kanj & Mitic, 2009). If health information contains complicated content and is not easily accessible, people may not receive the health care needed (Blackstone et al., 2015). Many populations are considered communication vulnerable relative to health care which means they may not have access to understanding health information documents (Hallowell, 2016). These populations include people who are blind or visually impaired; people who are …

The Impact Of Higher Education On Linguistic Culture In Senegal And The Midwest United States, Kelsey Gough

Honors Theses

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of globalization on linguistic culture in populations of people from both Senegal and the Midwest United States. This study will also specifically highlight any similarities and differences present between those who have a higher education and those that do not. These similarities and differences were revealed by asking the research question: How has the process of globalization impacted beliefs about language held by people from various educational levels in Senegal and the U.S. Midwest?

Data regarding globalization’s effect on the attitudes people have about language, linguistic culture, were retrieved from …

Bilingual Language Assessment, Carmen Wittkopp

Honors Theses

Purpose: To describe language assessments that benefit bilingual students in the correct diagnosis of a language disorder.

Method: A systematic review of the literature was completed to examine the assessment tools used for bilingual children. The most common peer-reviewed journals in the field of speech-language pathology were examined to find articles that researched and discussed bilingual assessment practices. The information collected in the articles focused on the procedures needed for the correct assessment of a bilingual speaker.

Results: The literature mainly focused on assessment techniques of Conceptual Scoring, Dynamic Assessment, Nonword Repetition Task, and the Bilingual English Spanish Oral Screener. …

Speech-Language Pathologists’ Estimates Of Bolus Sizes Used During Dysphagia Evaluations, Joyanna E. Struzzieri

Theses & Honors Papers

Dysphagia evaluations play an important role in the assessment and treatment of people with swallowing problems. Protocols and methods for assessment vary greatly among clinicians, however, all assessments involve trials of food and liquid boluses given across different consistencies and in varying amounts. Thin and thick liquids, thin puree, thick puree or pudding, and solid consistencies are widely utilized for dysphagia evaluations. The amounts of food and liquids that are given drive therapeutic recommendations for bite and sip sizes. It is unknown if the bite and sip sizes used during dysphagia assessments also vary among SLPs and/or if these amounts …

Right Hemisphere Capacities For Word-Finding: Bilateral Modulation Of Event-Related Potentials In Healthy Adults And Adults With Aphasia, Amanda C. Alton

Dissertations

Language tasks are typically lateralized to the language dominant left hemisphere in healthy right-handed adults. Additionally, lesions in left frontotemporal areas typically result in a variety of language impairments called aphasia. Interestingly, increased activation in right cerebral regions homologous to left side lesions has been observed in patients with aphasia during word-finding tasks. The neural mechanism and the impact on word-finding remain unclear. There are two competing theories concerning compensatory right hemisphere activation. One view is that the right hemisphere plays a supportive role, taking over functions of the damaged left hemisphere. The other perspective is that rightward laterality is …

Bruna Barbosa, Bruna Barbosa

Spring 2017

Meet Bruna Barbosa—one of Andrews University's most brilliant personalities! This story covers Bruna’s transition from “living for comfort” to “living for mission.” Although her journey went through a few awkward turns, she finally found her purpose on the small island of Palau, and this purpose now fuels her pursuit of a speech-pathology degree. Read how Bruna’s decision to fly halfway across the world provided the motivation she needed to find her passion, her purpose and her profession.

Read Bruna's full story in Stories of Andrews at andrews.edu/stories.

Thank you, Bruna, for sharing your story. You are part of the …

Signing To Maintain Joint Attention With Children With Down Syndrome, Rachel Dauer Burns

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The current study examined the role of two different methods of sign presentation on signed and spoken language acquisition of toddlers aged two to four years with Down syndrome (DS). The aim of this study was to determine if a method commonly used by native signers/Deaf mothers (referred to in this study as signing to maintain joint attention (SMJA)) was more effective than the method commonly used by hearing mothers and speech-language pathologists (referred to in this study as the triangular method of signing). Both methods were compared in a within-subject design for effects on the participants’ total number of …

The Effect Of Gamification On Audiology Awareness Among Young Adults, Shenque Lester

Doctoral Dissertations

The profession of audiology is projecting a critical shortage of practicing professionals in the near future. Although there are many potential factors that are contributing to this problem, it is generally agreed that audiology as a profession is not readily identified as a career choice by undergraduate students, nor a recognizable healthcare field/service among the general public. Due to the increased instances of hearing loss in the general population as well as the aging of the population and need for audiological services, it is imperative to find an efficient means to improve the awareness of audiology as a potential career …

Acoustical Properties Of Amplified And Unamplified Stethoscopes When Examining Typical Body Sounds, Jeni Abrams Dunnington

Doctoral Dissertations

A stethoscope is intended for three main diagnostic purposes: listening to heart sounds, listening to lung sounds, and determining the presence or absence of bowel sounds (Callahan, Waugh, Matthew, & Granger, 2007). Currently, on the market there are two types of stethoscopes for practitioners to choose: unamplified and amplified stethoscopes. Furthermore, there is little research on the sound pressure levels (SPLs) produced by stethoscopes on the market. Therefore, the current study seeks to measure the SPL produced by various popular unamplified stethoscopes and compare those findings to the SPLs produced by amplified stethoscopes. Secondly, the SPL of selected amplified stethoscopes …

Spa 6930 Billingual Assessment And Intervention, Maria Brea

Service-Learning Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Development Of International Terminology And Definitions For Texture-Modified Foods And Thickened Fluids Used In Dysphagia Management: The Iddsi Framework, J Cichero, P Lam, C Steele, B Hanson, J Chen, R Dantas, J Duivestein, J Kayashita, C Lecko, J Murray, M Pillay, Luis Riquelme, S Stanschus

NYMC Faculty Publications

Dysphagia is estimated to affect ~8% of the world's population (~590 million people). Texture-modified foods and thickened drinks are commonly used to reduce the risks of choking and aspiration. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) was founded with the goal of developing globally standardized terminology and definitions for texture-modified foods and liquids applicable to individuals with dysphagia of all ages, in all care settings, and all cultures. A multi-professional volunteer committee developed a dysphagia diet framework through systematic review and stakeholder consultation. First, a survey of existing national terminologies and current practice was conducted, receiving 2050 responses from 33 …

Comparison Of Structured And Unstructured Discourse Tasks In Persons With Aphasia, Kim C. Mccullough, Dee Lance, Brenda L. Beverly

Brenda L. Beverly Publications

The informativeness of the discourse of persons with aphasia (fluent vs. non-fluent) under structured and conversational tasks was investigated. Ten individuals, five with fluent aphasia and five with non-fluent aphasia, who had suffered a single left hemisphere stroke, participated. Structured and conversational discourse samples were analyzed using the Correct Information Units (CIUs) analysis system. Significant differences between structured and conversational tasks were observed when comparing total number of words and total number of CIUs. Participants with fluent aphasia performed better than those with non-fluent aphasia during the conversational task. No differences were found between the groups for total number of …

Speaker-Specific Adaptation Of Maeda Synthesis Parameters For Auditory Feedback, Joseph Vonderhaar

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The Real-time Articulatory Speech Synthesizer (RASS) is a research tool in the Marquette Speech and Swallowing lab that simultaneously collects acoustic and articulatory data from human participants. The system is used to study acoustic-to-articulatory inversion, articulatory-to-acoustic synthesis mapping, and the effects of real-time acoustic feedback. Electromagnetic Articulography (EMA) is utilized to collect position data via sensors placed in a subject’s mouth. These kinematic data are then converted into a set of synthesis parameters that controls an articulatory speech synthesizer, which in turn generates an acoustic waveform matching the associated kinematics. Independently from RASS, the synthesized acoustic waveform can be further …

The Slps Role In Caring For The Adult And Geriatric Populations, Courtney M. Andrews

ETSU Faculty Works

• Define the SLP role with patients commonly seen in primary care
• Duplicate SLP knowledge to help in primary care
• Evaluate the role of the SLP as part of the multidisciplinary team