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Articles 91 - 120 of 146

Full-Text Articles in Communication Sciences and Disorders

A Proposed Holistic Model Of Assessment For Children With Cleft Palate Within The Icf-Cy Framework, Rabia Foreman, Jamesa Ewing, Olivia Hawley, Mariana De Cassia Macedo, Naiara Rodrigues Carlota Do Nascimento, Brenda Louw, Luciana Maximino Nov 2014

A Proposed Holistic Model Of Assessment For Children With Cleft Palate Within The Icf-Cy Framework, Rabia Foreman, Jamesa Ewing, Olivia Hawley, Mariana De Cassia Macedo, Naiara Rodrigues Carlota Do Nascimento, Brenda Louw, Luciana Maximino

ETSU Faculty Works

The purpose of this project is to describe a proposed model for the assessment of children with cleft palate within the framework of the ICF-CY (WHO, 2007). Suggestions for clinical application and cleft palate curricula are made, and future research needs are identified.


Underprivileged Children In Port-Au-Prince, Haiti: Hearing And Academic Performance Of Children In Public Schools In Port Au Prince, Talia Meisel Oct 2014

Underprivileged Children In Port-Au-Prince, Haiti: Hearing And Academic Performance Of Children In Public Schools In Port Au Prince, Talia Meisel

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Hearing loss is estimated to affect more than 360 million people worldwide, 32% of whom are children. Children with hearing loss tend to develop compromised communicative abilities and also have been found to perform more poorly academically than their normal hearing peers. Because of the lack of medical care, children in third world countries are expected to have more difficulty hearing and learning in a classroom setting than children in first world countries due to higher incidences of conductive pathology. The purpose of this study is to assess the hearing ability of underprivileged children in kindergarten and primary schools in …


Production Of Complex/Compounds Sentences In The Spontaneous Speech Of Typically Developing Children And Children With Williams Syndrome, Maureen Boyle Aug 2014

Production Of Complex/Compounds Sentences In The Spontaneous Speech Of Typically Developing Children And Children With Williams Syndrome, Maureen Boyle

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Literature claims individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare congenital genetic mental retardation syndrome, easily engage in conversation and demonstrate unique and advanced linguistic skills compared to typically developing peers (TDP). These claims are supported by limited empirical evidence, however. One method of judging advanced linguistic skills is to compare the production of complex/compound sentences of children with WS and their TDP. The purpose of the study was to determine whether children with WS use more complex/compound sentences than children who are typically developing. Twelve subjects participated in the study. Six subjects with WS (SWS), mean age 15, and 6 …


The Use Of Paralinguistics In Spontaneous Speech Of Children With Williams Syndrome And Typically Development Children, Kelly Ritter, Evan Panitzke, Emily Kruse Aug 2014

The Use Of Paralinguistics In Spontaneous Speech Of Children With Williams Syndrome And Typically Development Children, Kelly Ritter, Evan Panitzke, Emily Kruse

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

This project investigated selected aspects of paralinguistics in spontaneous speech of speakers with Williams syndrome. Speakers with Williams syndrome “are noted for their well developed vocabulary, relatively complex and syntactically correct sentences, and their ability to spin a good tale. In contrast, their reasoning usually remains at a pre-operational or preschool level, and they typically have difficulty grasping cause-effect relations” (Semel & Rosner, 2003, p. 5). This research focused on an area of communication called paralinguistics which involved the use of nonspeech sounds for communication. Specifically, we looked at the frequency of laughing and sound effects produced during conversation. Ten …


Speech Adaptation To Electropalatography In Children's Productions Of /S/ And /ʃ/, Marissa Celaya Jun 2014

Speech Adaptation To Electropalatography In Children's Productions Of /S/ And /ʃ/, Marissa Celaya

Theses and Dissertations

Previous research has investigated adults' ability to adapt their speech when a electropalatographic (EPG) pseudopalate is placed in the oral cavity; however, less is known about how younger speakers who are continuing to develop their motor speech abilities might adapt their speech to the presence of the device. This study examined the effect of an EPG pseudopalate on elementary school-aged children's ability to produce the fricatives /s/ and /ƒ/. Audio recordings of six children were collected at eight time intervals including before placement of the pseudopalate, at 30-minute increments for two hours with the pseudopalate in place, immediately following removal …


The Use Of Mobile Technology In The Treatment Of Prosodic Deficits In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elizabeth Schoen Simmons, Rhea Paul, Frederick Shic May 2014

The Use Of Mobile Technology In The Treatment Of Prosodic Deficits In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elizabeth Schoen Simmons, Rhea Paul, Frederick Shic

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and preliminary utility of an application, SpeechPrompts, for iOS devices in the treatment of prosodic disorders in school-age children with ASD.


"Mais, You Talk Like Me? /Ju Ra:/": Kindergarteners' Use Of Five Cajun English Phonological Features, Hannah Joy Smitherman Jan 2014

"Mais, You Talk Like Me? /Ju Ra:/": Kindergarteners' Use Of Five Cajun English Phonological Features, Hannah Joy Smitherman

LSU Master's Theses

Cajun English (CE) is an understudied dialect that is spoken in and around the Acadian triangle of Louisiana. Of the studies that exist, almost all have been completed with adults. The purpose of the current study was to determine if children whose parents have identified their family as Cajun use five phonological features of CE (/t, d/ for /θ, ð/, nonaspirated /p, t, k/, heavy vowel nasalization, monophthongization, and glide weakening on vowels) more frequently than those identified as non-Cajun. The participants were 11 kindergarteners who were identified as Cajun or non-Cajun and who resided in Assumption Parish in rural …


A Comparison Of Nal And Dsl Prescriptive Methods For Paediatric Hearing-Aid Fitting: Predicted Speech Intelligibility And Loudness, Teresa Y.C. Ching, Earl E. Johnson, Sanna Hou, Harvey Dillon, Vicky Zhang, Lauren Burns, Patricia Van Buynder, Angela Wong, Christopher Flynn Dec 2013

A Comparison Of Nal And Dsl Prescriptive Methods For Paediatric Hearing-Aid Fitting: Predicted Speech Intelligibility And Loudness, Teresa Y.C. Ching, Earl E. Johnson, Sanna Hou, Harvey Dillon, Vicky Zhang, Lauren Burns, Patricia Van Buynder, Angela Wong, Christopher Flynn

ETSU Faculty Works

Objective: To examine the impact of prescription on predicted speech intelligibility and loudness for children. Design: A between-group comparison of speech intelligibility index (SII) and loudness, based on hearing aids fitted according to NAL-NL1, DSL v4.1, or DSL m[i/o] prescriptions. A within-group comparison of gains prescribed by DSL m[i/o] and NAL-NL2 for children in terms of SII and loudness. Study sample: Participants were 200 children, who were randomly assigned to first hearing-aid fitting with either NAL-NL1, DSL v4.1, or DSL m[i/o]. Audiometric data and hearing-aid data at 3 years of age were used. Results: On average, SII calculated on the …


Hearing-Aid Safety: A Comparison Of Estimated Threshold Shifts For Gains Recommended By Nal-Nl2 And Dsl M[I/O] Prescriptions For Children, Teresa Y. C. Ching, Earl E. Johnson, Mark Seeto, John H. Macrae Dec 2013

Hearing-Aid Safety: A Comparison Of Estimated Threshold Shifts For Gains Recommended By Nal-Nl2 And Dsl M[I/O] Prescriptions For Children, Teresa Y. C. Ching, Earl E. Johnson, Mark Seeto, John H. Macrae

ETSU Faculty Works

Objective: To investigate the predicted threshold shift associated with the use of nonlinear hearing aids fitted to the NAL-NL2 or the DSL m[i/o] prescription for children with the same audiograms. For medium and high input levels, we asked: (1) How does predicted asymptotic threshold shifts (ATS) differ according to the choice of prescription? (2) How does predicted ATS vary with hearing level for gains prescribed by the two prescriptions? Design: A mathematical model consisting of the modified power law combined with equations for predicting temporary threshold shift (Macrae, 1994b) was used to predict ATS. Study sample: Predicted threshold shift were …


Nonconformance In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Kathryn S. Todd, Dr. Martin Fujiki Oct 2013

Nonconformance In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Kathryn S. Todd, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Children diagnosed with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) “exhibit significant limitations in language functioning that cannot be attributed to deficits in hearing, oral structure and function, or general intelligence” (Leonard, 1987). Recently, research revealed children with SLI also demonstrate difficulty in social interaction. As part of an ongoing research program at Brigham Young University over the last decade, Dr. Bonnie Brinton and Dr. Martin Fujiki evaluated the social skills of children with SLI. Yet to be investigated, this past year I researched the nonconforming behavior of children with SLI directed towards adults. Nonconformity or noncompliance is the failure to act and …


Enhancing Socially Withdrawn Children’S Behavior Via Peer Monitoring And Social Skills Instruction, Brock Rockwood Solano, Dr. Michelle Marchant Oct 2013

Enhancing Socially Withdrawn Children’S Behavior Via Peer Monitoring And Social Skills Instruction, Brock Rockwood Solano, Dr. Michelle Marchant

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Educations face the challenge of instructing socially disengaged children who come to the classroom lacking peer acceptance, social skills and positive feelings about themselves and school. Although the importance of good social relations and emotional health for effective learning has been recognized, efforts to foster these traits often fall short of success and breed discouragement in teachers. It remains an ongoing concern for educators to find the most effective means to improve the social competence of the self-isolating students.


Understanding Of Emotion In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Melanie D. Javid, Dr. Martin Fujiki Oct 2013

Understanding Of Emotion In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Melanie D. Javid, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with language comprehension and production that is not attributed to other disabilities. Studies have shown that these children are also at risk for social problems. These social problems are assumed to be the outcome of the child’s language ability. The purpose of this project is to investigate the emotional understanding of children with SLI. This project is designed to provide speech-language pathologists with a clearer delineation of emotional needs experienced by children with SLI. Our profession may then adapt therapy to address the child’s understanding of emotions.


“How Am I Different?”: A Social Profile Of Children With Sli, Julie Grandy, April Fitzgerald, Martin Fujiki, Bonnie Burton Sep 2013

“How Am I Different?”: A Social Profile Of Children With Sli, Julie Grandy, April Fitzgerald, Martin Fujiki, Bonnie Burton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) are those who have difficulty learning language despite relatively normal sensory and intellectual abilities. Research and current literature have shown that there is a relationship between language competence and social competence (Brinton & Fujiki, 1993; Windsor, 1995) Children with poor language skills often experience difficulty in social interactions. Since successful social interactions contribute to personal satisfaction in school, work, community, and family settings, many areas of these children’s lives may be negatively impacted.


Emotion Recognition In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Andrea Dance, Martha Gray, Natalie Roach, Dr. Martin Fujiki Sep 2013

Emotion Recognition In Children With Specific Language Impairment, Andrea Dance, Martha Gray, Natalie Roach, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As part of a research team consisting of professors of Speech-Language Pathology and Psychology and graduate students, our goal was to achieve a clearer understanding of the relationship between emotion and language. We wanted to see if children with restricted language abilities also have deficits in emotional development. We tested children in schools measuring their language ability, IQ, understanding of emotion expressed in a variety of ways.


Effects Of Assistive Robotics On Tantrums In Children With Low-Functioning Autism, Taylor Whitmer, Dr. Bonnie Brinton Sep 2013

Effects Of Assistive Robotics On Tantrums In Children With Low-Functioning Autism, Taylor Whitmer, Dr. Bonnie Brinton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In recent studies, assistive robotics has been useful in increasing joint attention skills between a child with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and other individuals (Acerson, 2011). These data also show a potential change in tantrum behaviors before and after intervention sessions with the robot. Tantrum behaviors, although normal in young, typical developing children, often persist longer in children with ASD as a result of delayed language development (Osterman & Bjorkqvist, 2010). As tantrum behaviors persist, the time available for these children to learn is diminished as the focus of the child becomes the frustration causing the tantrum rather than the …


Intelligence And Social Behaviors Of Children With Language Impairment, Melanie Cobabe, Dr. Martin Fujiki Aug 2013

Intelligence And Social Behaviors Of Children With Language Impairment, Melanie Cobabe, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Teachers and speech pathologists have noted that children with Language Impairment (LI) frequently struggle in social interactions when compared with their typical peers. They have difficulty making friends, entering on-going interactions, and are often viewed negatively by others in their own age group. The purpose of this study was to co-vary intelligence in order to eliminate it as a variable that might impact the differences in social behavior between typical and language impaired children.


Social Problems Of Children With Specific Language Impairment, Michelle H. Hutchings, Dr. Martin Fujiki Aug 2013

Social Problems Of Children With Specific Language Impairment, Michelle H. Hutchings, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is a well documented disability among many schoolaged children. Children with SLI exhibit “significant limitations in language functioning that cannot be attributed to deficits in hearing, oral structure and function, or general intelligence” (Leonard, 1987, p. 1). SLI results in disordered patterns of communication and is associated with academic failure. Increasing evidence also shows that children with SLI suffer from significant social difficulties.


The Efficacy Of Social Language Intervention On Children With Specific Language Impairment—A Pilot Study, Sarah Johnson Mueller, Dr. Martin Fujiki Aug 2013

The Efficacy Of Social Language Intervention On Children With Specific Language Impairment—A Pilot Study, Sarah Johnson Mueller, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In this pilot study, I investigated the efficacy of an experimental social skills intervention program for children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). As there is a limited amount of research related to the treatment of the social skills of these children, it was my hope that such a pilot study would supply important information for future research in this area. For my research, I evaluated whether a specialized social skills intervention program produced improved social interactions in 4 children with SLI. To do this, I studied the behavioral changes of children in both a traditional language intervention group and a …


Can Emotion Understanding Be Taught?: Evaluating An Intervention Protocol To Increase Emotion Understanding In Children With Language Impairment, Lucy Brimhall, Dr. Martin Fujiki Jun 2013

Can Emotion Understanding Be Taught?: Evaluating An Intervention Protocol To Increase Emotion Understanding In Children With Language Impairment, Lucy Brimhall, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Specific language impairment is traditionally defined as a diagnosis referring to “children who have difficulty learning language in the absence of intellectual disability, sensory and physical deficits, severe emotional disturbances, environmental factors, and brain damage” (Kamhi, AG 1998). Recent study of the behavior of children with SLI has revealed that there is a discrepancy between the social communication skills of typically developing children and those with SLI (Brinton & Fujiki, 2004).


The Tilar Project: Analyzing Unregulated And Non- Engagement Behaviors During Intervention In Children With Low Functioning Autism, Taylor Whitmer, Dr. Bonnie Brinton Apr 2013

The Tilar Project: Analyzing Unregulated And Non- Engagement Behaviors During Intervention In Children With Low Functioning Autism, Taylor Whitmer, Dr. Bonnie Brinton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Therapist in the Loop: Assistive Robotics (TiLAR) project is a broad-based research study that seeks to improve joint attention in children with low-functioning autism by using a humanoid robot in concert with traditional intervention. The goal of this project was to monitor the frequency of tantrum and non-engagement behaviors and determine if the interaction with the robot decreased in occurrence over time.


The Measurement Of Auditory Interhemispheric Transfer Time (Ihtt) In Children With Normal Auditory Processing Abilities, Brittany Suzanne Keahey Apr 2013

The Measurement Of Auditory Interhemispheric Transfer Time (Ihtt) In Children With Normal Auditory Processing Abilities, Brittany Suzanne Keahey

Doctoral Dissertations

Interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) is the time it takes for information to be transmitted from one hemisphere to the other. The goal of this study was to determine if differences existed in the IHTT of children 6 to 9 years of age with normal auditory processing abilities by the use of an objective measure (auditory late evoked potentials [ALEPs]), specifically waves P1, N1 and P2. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in IHTT between the groups due to the age range of participants being tested. The 16 participants were divided into two groups based on age and …


Speech And Language Processes In Children Who Stutter Compared To Those Who Do Not Within An Oral Narrative Task, Sarah Pillar Jan 2013

Speech And Language Processes In Children Who Stutter Compared To Those Who Do Not Within An Oral Narrative Task, Sarah Pillar

Theses : Honours

Background and Purpose: Language ability in children who stutter has been linked to the occurrence of stuttering, however, the validity of research supporting this connection has been recently questioned. Previous research, within this area, has been limited by methodological confounds, such as lack of appropriately matched comparison groups, and the use of measures with insufficient sensitivity to potentially examine the subtle differences between children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS). Frequent hesitations or pauses are defining characteristics of the speech of people who stutter. However, little is known about the nature and frequency of the pauses …


The Effects Of Morphophonic Faces As A Method For Teaching Sight Words, Ashley Jean Williams Jan 2013

The Effects Of Morphophonic Faces As A Method For Teaching Sight Words, Ashley Jean Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Previous studies exploring the use of superimposed pictures for sight word learning provide mixed results, with inconclusive benefits. One criticism is that even when sight word learning is enhanced, it does not improve the learner’s use of the alphabetic principle. A second criticism is that it is only feasible for easily depicted words. This study addressed these criticisms by using pictured sight words representing a hybrid between alphabet and sight word learning, MorphoPhonic Faces (MPF). MPF have the first letter drawn in the mouth of a face suggesting speech production cues. Thus, participants were provided alphabet cues first and then …


Relationship Between Listening Comprehension And Signal-To-Noise Ratio Loss In Children, Juli Beth Junkersfeld Dec 2012

Relationship Between Listening Comprehension And Signal-To-Noise Ratio Loss In Children, Juli Beth Junkersfeld

Student Theses and Dissertations

This study compared the listening comprehension skills and signal-to-noise ratio hearing loss of third grade children. A pool of potential participants was formed based on their scores earned on the listening comprehension subtest of the Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Examination (GRADE). Twenty-one third grade students were available for participation in this study. In order to accomplish the purposes of this study, the same 21 children were grouped by three separate criteria: listening comprehension scores, sentence comprehension scores, and hearing sensitivity. The instrument used in this study was the Quick Speech In Noise (QuickSIN), an adaptive test that uses a …


An Acoustic Analysis Of Elements Of Contrastive Stress Produced By 8 To 10-Year-Old Children, Nicole Michelle Clover Aug 2012

An Acoustic Analysis Of Elements Of Contrastive Stress Produced By 8 To 10-Year-Old Children, Nicole Michelle Clover

Theses and Dissertations

Contrastive stress is an aspect of communication that can be used to highlight information, de-accent redundant information, and create distinctions between new and previously-provided information. Previous research has documented that adult speakers use relative changes in their vocal intensity, fundamental frequency (F0), and duration to mark contrastive stress in a sentence. However, less is understood about how and when children mark contrastive stress in their communication, thus the current study aims to examine a number of acoustic elements of contrastive stress in 8 to 10-year-old children. Speech samples were elicited from 20 children and analyzed to determine if the acoustic …


Acquisition Of Initial Mental Graphemic Representations By Children At Risk For Literacy Development, Kenn Apel, Shurita Thomas-Tate, Elizabeth B. Wilson-Fowler, Danielle Brimo Apr 2012

Acquisition Of Initial Mental Graphemic Representations By Children At Risk For Literacy Development, Kenn Apel, Shurita Thomas-Tate, Elizabeth B. Wilson-Fowler, Danielle Brimo

Faculty Publications

We examined the acquisition of initial mental graphemic representations (MGRs) by 46 kindergarten children (mean age = 5 years, 9 months) at risk for literacy development because of low socioeconomic status. Using a storybook context, we exposed children to novel nonwords that varied in their phonotactic and orthotactic probabilities and then assessed the children's development of initial MGRs through spelling and reading recognition tasks. The children developed some initial MGRs but less than past reports of children from middle socioeconomic backgrounds. Children with more advanced word recognition abilities developed more initial MGRs than their peers with less advanced word recognition …


Effect Of Parallel Talk On The Language And Interactional Skills Of Preschoolers With Cochlear Implants And Hearing Aids, Sharon A. Raver, Jonna Bobzien, Corrin Richels, Peggy Hester, Anne Michalek, Nicole Anthony Mar 2012

Effect Of Parallel Talk On The Language And Interactional Skills Of Preschoolers With Cochlear Implants And Hearing Aids, Sharon A. Raver, Jonna Bobzien, Corrin Richels, Peggy Hester, Anne Michalek, Nicole Anthony

Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications

Children with profound congenital hearing loss often do not have the same prelinguistic opportunities for social and verbal interaction as their peers with typical hearing [14]. Consequently, language and social skills may be challenging for this group, even after they are provided with amplification or a cochlear implant. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of using a parallel talk intervention to increase the language and interactional skills of three preschoolers with deafnesss. Results revealed that all participants increased verbal turn-taking and that two of the three increased initiated and responded vocal/verbal comments, and initiated and responded nonverbal responses during a …


Assessment Of Single-Word Production For Children Under Three Years Of Age: Comparison Of Children With And Without Cleft Palate, Nancy J. Scherer, A. Lynn Williams, Carol Stoel-Gammon, Ann Kaiser Jan 2012

Assessment Of Single-Word Production For Children Under Three Years Of Age: Comparison Of Children With And Without Cleft Palate, Nancy J. Scherer, A. Lynn Williams, Carol Stoel-Gammon, Ann Kaiser

ETSU Faculty Works

Background. This study reports comparative phonological assessment results for children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) to typically developing peers using an evaluation tool for early phonological skills. Methods. Children without clefts (NC = noncleft) and 24 children with CLP, ages of 18–36 months, were evaluated using the Profile of Early Expressive Phonological Skills (PEEPSs) [1]. Children interacted with toy manipulatives to elicit a representative sample of target English consonants and syllable structures that are typically acquired by children between 18 and 27 months of age. Results. Results revealed significant differences between the two groups with regard to measures of …


Phonological Memory Associations Of Language Impairment In Bilingual Children, Marcela Susa Jan 2012

Phonological Memory Associations Of Language Impairment In Bilingual Children, Marcela Susa

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Knowledge-based assessments of language impairments have been found to contain bias for assessing performance in bilingual children from diverse cultural backgrounds. As an alternative, measures related to performance of phonological working memory are becoming more popular for bilingual children. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how bilingual children with language impairment (BILI) would perform on nonword repetition and sentence repetition when compared to typically developing peers (BITD). Also, the current study investigated the extent to which the nonword repetition task and sentence repetition task were associated with each other in bilingual (English-Spanish) children. Results demonstrated that typically …


The Effects Of Gender And Elicitation Method On The Prosodic Cues Used By 7- To 11-Year-Old Children To Signal Sentence Type, Lacey Ann Powell Aug 2011

The Effects Of Gender And Elicitation Method On The Prosodic Cues Used By 7- To 11-Year-Old Children To Signal Sentence Type, Lacey Ann Powell

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the prosodic cues used by 7 to 11 year-old children to signal questions and declarative statements in terms of changes in fundamental frequency (F0), duration, and intensity. Additional aims were to evaluate how children's use of prosody changes as a function of gender and method of elicitation. A group of 16 children participated in three different types of elicitation tasks (imitative, reading, and naturalistic). An acoustic analysis revealed that the participants produced the different sentence types using a variety of acoustic cues. Not only do children vary the mean of F0 and …