Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Relationship Of Tongue Clicking To Mandibular Descent, Amy Louise Bricker

Masters Theses

Introduction

The movement of the tongue has been of concern for many years to the speech therapist. At one time tongue exercises were of prime importance in this field but due to the gross misuse of the exercises, they have now become of little importance. Only recently has the motor functioning of the tongue attracted renewed interest. Although the activity of the tongue has often been studied, none of the studies to our knowledge have included the control of jaw movement. Since the genio-glossus muscle serves as the bulk of the tongue and has its origin on the mandible, the …

An Analysis Of The Articulation Errors In Spontaneous Speech Of One Hundred Children With Lisps, Paula C. Downs

Masters Theses

The Problem

This study is an attempt to determine the nature and relative frequency of the articulation errors shown by one hundred school children with lisps.

The Importance of Investigating the Phenomenon of Defective Articulation

The incidence of speech defects in the child population has been found to range from five percent (5%) to ten percent (10%) of the total child population. A child's speech is considered defective when the listener gives as much or more attention to the manner in which the child speaks as he does to the idea being communicated.

A Study Of The Effects Of Delayed Side-Tone Upon Voiced And Whispered Reading Time, Bruce Presten Ryan

Masters Theses

Definition of Delayed Side-Tone

The term delayed side-tone feedback refers to the delaying of one's hearing of himself by a fraction of a second, so that instead of hearing himself as he normally does, he hears himself or his own speech a fraction of a second later.

...in order to produce delayed speech feedback it is necessary to return the speaker's speech to his own ears approximately one-means of a magnetic tape recording and reproducing machine which has used to experience the effect prominently since they deliver delayed speech and exclude the normal air-borne undelayed speech sound which provides the …

The Effect Of Recorded Stuttering On Listener Compression, Harold Walter William Homann

Masters Theses

Chapter I.

The Problem

Justification of this research. This experiment was designed to test the prevalent opinion that poor speaking reduces comprehension. Typical of such opinions is the conclusion of Knower, Phillips, and Koeppel¹, who state:

"The comparative effectiveness of speaking and oral reading as methods of presenting material depends upon the quality of performance. Poor speaking seems to be the least effective method of presenting informative materials. There is a direct relationship between the quality of speaking performance and the amount of material recalled. Poor speakers produced least recall."

Of the many factors which contribute to effective …

The Effects Of Manifest Anxiety On Stuttering Adaptation, Joseph Agnello

Masters Theses

I. Introduction

When stuttering behavior is viewed as a problem in learning, the phenomenon of adaptation frequently receives attention. A standard adaptation experiment consists of having the person who stutters re-read the same passage, or a passage of equal difficulty, a specified number of times. Under these conditions a relative reduction¹ in stuttering frequency usually occurs. Experimentalists and clinicians alike have long been puzzled as to why this decrement takes place, since stuttering is generally considered by many writers^2,3 as a self-reinforcing disorder; that is, stuttering produces more stuttering.

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects, …

A Comparative Study Of The Jaw Movements Of Children With Normal And Abnormal Articulation, Jean Fraser Ward

Masters Theses

Review of the Literature

Introduction

It is surprising that there exist relatively few studies of the movement of the mandible or lower jaw with regard to misarticulation while the activity of the tongue, on the contrary, has received much attention. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the extent of mandibular movement in the production of nonsense syllables and sentences as spoken by children with dyslalic and normal speech.

An Investigation Of Certain Factors Influencing The Testing Of Auditory Phonetic Discrimination, Warren Scott Curtis

Masters Theses

The Background of the Problem

Review of the Literature

The importance of auditory phonetic discrimination in speech therapy. One of the basic criteria for good articulation is that the individual sounds or phonetic units which make up a word must be produced correctly and arranged properly in sequence. According to Van Riper (32:127), when a speaker adds, omits or distorts a particular phoneme to the extent that it alters word meaning, calls attention to itself, and/or produces unpleasant emotional reactions in the speaker or audience, he is adjusted to have an articulation defect.

The Relationship Of Missing Teeth To Lisps, Richard Swerzbin

Masters Theses

Introduction

The Problem and Its Background

The profession of speech therapy is little more than twenty-five years old. As in any new field many beliefs are currently held without experimental corroboration. One of these concerns dentition. The claim is made by some speech therapists that missing teeth cause lisps. Other therapists and writers have doubted this belief. It is therefore the purpose of this study to determine the relationship between missing and articulation of the sibilant sounds, [s], [z], [S], [3], [tS], [d3], among first grade school children.

An Exploratory Study Of Differential Diadochokinesis, Marie C. Crickmay

Masters Theses

Introduction

In speech man is forced to use organs, muscles and groups of muscles whose basic function is to serve other purposes, namely, to chew, to suck and swallow, movements which are relatively slow and primitive in execution. But in articulate speech it is necessary to manipulate these same organs and muscles at a faster speech, and with far greater precision than was required of them in the performance of their basic function.

An Investigation Of The Vocal Phonic Abilities Of Children With Normal Speech And Articulation Disorders, Orville Wilson Wensley

Masters Theses

Introduction

Much of the recent literature dealing with the etiology and treatment of functional articulatory defects, has been concerned with perceptual aspects of the problem. Many clinicians feel that it is in the area of perceptual deficiences that most of the causes of articulatory defects occur, even though research does not support that opinion.

An Analysis Of The Effect Of Reserpine On Adult Stutterers, Barbara Anne Mitchell

Masters Theses

Chapter I

Introduction

The Purpose of This Study

Sixteen adult subjects, four female and twelve male stutterers, participated in an eleven-weak experiment for the purpose of discovering the affects, if any, of one milligram per day of the drug reserpine on both a stutterer's speech and his attitudes toward stuttering.

A Developmental History of the Drug Reserpine (23:8-40)

Reserpine is a pure crystalline alkaloid of the rauwolfia root commonly found in India, Ceylon, Burma, the Andaman Islands, Java, and Malaya.

The plant is named for Dr. Leohnard Rauwolf of Augsburg, a German botanist, physician, and explorer, who, in a publication …

An Investigation Of The Change In The Self Concept Of Stutterer, Lois Nelson

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

The Problem

It is the purpose of this particular study to investigate through the methodology of Q-technique the self concept of a stutterer and to determine whether having to confront one's self as a stutterer changes that concept. The study, therefore, concerns itself with the changes in the self concept of stutterers produced by altering the judgmental frame of reference. To view the problem adequately we need to survey what is known about the self concept.

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Spelling And Articulation, Richard Errol Ham

Masters Theses

The Background of the Problem

Review of the Literature

The educational importance of speech problems.

There are a number of justification for the existence of speech therapy in the public schools, and some of them have often been expressed in terms of the educational handicap presented by the children with speech defects. Spelling, reading, writing, and speaking often seem to be directly affected by a speech defect. Non-verbal subjects (geography, mathematics, etc.,) can also be affected because they frequently require written reports and oral recitations. In school, the children with speech defects are said to exhibit an overall retardation. Van …

A Study Of The Effect Of Avoidance On Stuttering Frequency In An Adaptation Situation, Theodore Ray Dixon

Masters Theses

A Study of the Effect of Avoidance on Stuttering Frequency in an Adaptation Situation

I Introduction

Much of the recent research related to stuttering has been concerned with the adaptation effect. The adaptation effect in stuttering refers to the phenomenon in which the frequency of stutterer continues to read the same passage aloud a number of times. During these readings each successive passage evidences fewer stutterings until a plateau is attained.

Much of the literature has ascribed great importance to avoidance mechanisms as maintaining causal factors. These avoidance mechanisms may be generally classified in two categories which are word avoidance …

Parental Comprehension Of The Adolescent Stutterer’S Attitude Toward His Stuttering, Katharine G. Butler

Masters Theses

The Problem and Its Background

The Importance of Communication

Speech education and concomitantly, speech re-education, is becoming an increasingly important part of the curriculum of the public schools. Speech is not only a tool; it is "our greatest agent of teaching and learning."¹ Therefore, the importance of adequate speech cannot be over-emphasized.

Speech can become an integrating factor in the curricula of both the elementary and secondary schools. Four elements of the curricula currently being stressed are as follows.²