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Full-Text Articles in Chemicals and Drugs
Differential Actions Of Orexin Receptors In Brainstem Cholinergic And Monoaminergic Neurons Revealed By Receptor Knockouts: Implications For Orexinergic Signaling In Arousal And Narcolepsy, Kristi Kohlmeier, Christopher Tyler, Mike Kalogiannis, Masaru Ishibashi, Iryna Gumenchuk, Masashi Yanagisawa, Christopher S. Leonard
Differential Actions Of Orexin Receptors In Brainstem Cholinergic And Monoaminergic Neurons Revealed By Receptor Knockouts: Implications For Orexinergic Signaling In Arousal And Narcolepsy, Kristi Kohlmeier, Christopher Tyler, Mike Kalogiannis, Masaru Ishibashi, Iryna Gumenchuk, Masashi Yanagisawa, Christopher S. Leonard
NYMC Faculty Publications
Orexin neuropeptides influence multiple homeostatic functions and play an essential role in the expression of normal sleep-wake behavior. While their two known receptors (OX1 and OX2) are targets for novel pharmacotherapeutics, the actions mediated by each receptor remain largely unexplored. Using brain slices from mice constitutively lacking either receptor, we used whole-cell and Ca(2+) imaging methods to delineate the cellular actions of each receptor within cholinergic [laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT)] and monoaminergic [dorsal raphe (DR) and locus coeruleus (LC)] brainstem nuclei-where orexins promote arousal and suppress REM sleep. In slices from OX(-/-) 2 mice, orexin-A (300 nM) elicited wild-type responses …
Cytoplasmic Actin: Structure And Function, Justin Konig
Cytoplasmic Actin: Structure And Function, Justin Konig
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Cytoplasmic actin plays a crucial role in cellular structure, cell motility, intracellular transportation, and the cell cycle. Two isoforms of cytoplasmic actin have been identified, β and γ. Although their amino acid sequence is nearly identical, these two isoforms are encoded by different genes located on different chromosomes. Recent research has found that, despite their similarities, the two isoforms of cytoplasmic actin have distinct functions. This paper will review the structural and functional differences between the two isoforms, concluding with a discussion of some mutations that have been linked to disease.
Can Marijuana Be Harmful When Used Prenatally Or During Adolescence?, Penninah Dean
Can Marijuana Be Harmful When Used Prenatally Or During Adolescence?, Penninah Dean
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Marijuana is a popular recreational drug with a strong following campaigning to legalize it for both medicinal and recreational use. This paper serves to illustrate the harmful effects of marijuana use as it pertains to prenatal, adolescent and adult use. By understanding the methods of absorption and mechanism of interaction in the body, we can see a correlation between the effects of marijuana and its toxicity. Through extensive research of case studies on marijuana use we were able to determine marijuana’s harmful effects physically, developmentally and cognitively. Through these methods of research, it can be concluded that marijuana has detrimental …
The Carcinogenic Effects Of Aspartame, Devora Sara Gelbfish
The Carcinogenic Effects Of Aspartame, Devora Sara Gelbfish
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Aspartame, one of the most common artificial sweeteners, is used as a food additive worldwide. Because of early experimentation with rats linking aspartame to higher risk of cancer, there is much concern regarding the safety of aspartame. However, analytical review and numerous subsequent studies have disproven previous experimentation and reaffirmed that aspartame consumption in humans does not increase the risk of cancers. At the current time there is no credible evidence to support the idea that aspartame is carcinogenic. The evidence confirms that at current levels of consumption aspartame is a safe alternative to sucrose.