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2013

Chapman University

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Full-Text Articles in Chemicals and Drugs

Molecular Evolution Of Protein-Rna Mimicry As A Mechanism For Translational Control, Assaf Katz, Lindsey Solden, S. Betty Zou, William Wiley Navarre, Michael Ibba Dec 2013

Molecular Evolution Of Protein-Rna Mimicry As A Mechanism For Translational Control, Assaf Katz, Lindsey Solden, S. Betty Zou, William Wiley Navarre, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Elongation factor P (EF-P) is a conserved ribosome-binding protein that structurally mimics tRNA to enable the synthesis of peptides containing motifs that otherwise would induce translational stalling, including polyproline. In many bacteria, EF-P function requires post-translational modification with (R)-β-lysine by the lysyl-tRNA synthetase paralog PoxA. To investigate how recognition of EF-P by PoxA evolved from tRNA recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, we compared the roles of EF-P/PoxA polar contacts with analogous interactions in a closely related tRNA/synthetase complex. PoxA was found to recognize EF-P solely via identity elements in the acceptor loop, the domain of the protein that interacts with the …


Synthesis Of Novel Ciprofloxacin Analogues And Evaluation Of Their Anti-Proliferative Effect On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Narva Suresh, Hunsur Nagendra Nagesh, Kondapalli Venkata Govri Chandra Sekhar, Anil Kumar, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang Dec 2013

Synthesis Of Novel Ciprofloxacin Analogues And Evaluation Of Their Anti-Proliferative Effect On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Narva Suresh, Hunsur Nagendra Nagesh, Kondapalli Venkata Govri Chandra Sekhar, Anil Kumar, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A series of twenty two novel 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid analogues have been synthesized, characterized (1H NMR, 13C NMR and LCMS) and evaluated for their inhibitory activity on the proliferation of human caucasian acute lymphoblastic leukemiacells (CCRF-CEM), breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-468) and human colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116). Among all the synthesized ciprofloxacin analogues 3t at 50 µM showed comparable potency to doxorubicin (10mol) in all three cell lines and 3j inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-468 up to 35% selectively over other two cell lines. Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth. Cancer …


Synthesis And Antiproliferative Activities Of Quebecol And Its Analogs, Kasiviswanadharaju Pericherla, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, V. Kameshwara Rao, Rakesh Tiwari, Nicholas Dasilva, Kellen Mccaffrey, Yousef A. Beni, Antonio González- Sarrías, Navindra P. Seeram, Keykavous Parang, Anil Kumar Oct 2013

Synthesis And Antiproliferative Activities Of Quebecol And Its Analogs, Kasiviswanadharaju Pericherla, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, V. Kameshwara Rao, Rakesh Tiwari, Nicholas Dasilva, Kellen Mccaffrey, Yousef A. Beni, Antonio González- Sarrías, Navindra P. Seeram, Keykavous Parang, Anil Kumar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Simple and efficient synthesis of quebecol and a number of its analogs was accomplished in five steps. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activities against human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human ovarian carcinoma (SK-OV-3), human colon carcinoma (HT-29), and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Among all the compounds, 7c, 7d, 7f, and 8f exhibited antiproliferative activities against four tested cell lines with inhibition over 80% at 75 mu M after 72 h, whereas, compound 7b and 7g were more selective towards MCF-7 cell line. The IC50 values for compounds 7c, 7d, and 7f were 85.1 mu M, 78.7 …


Effects Of Short-Term Portacaval Anastomosis On The Peripheral And Brain Disposition Of The Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Marker Sodium Fluorescein In Rats, Imam H. Shaik, M. K. Miah, Ulrich Bickel, Reza Mehvar Sep 2013

Effects Of Short-Term Portacaval Anastomosis On The Peripheral And Brain Disposition Of The Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Marker Sodium Fluorescein In Rats, Imam H. Shaik, M. K. Miah, Ulrich Bickel, Reza Mehvar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Contradictory results have been reported with regard to the effects of various models of hepatic encephalopathy on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, which may be due partly to the use of brain concentrations of BBB markers without attention to their peripheral pharmacokinetics. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of short-term portacaval anastomosis (PCA), a type B model of hepatic encephalopathy, on the peripheral pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of sodium fluorescein (FL), which is a small molecule marker of BBB passive permeability. A single 25 mg/kg dose of FL was administered intravenously to 10-day PCA and …


A Computational Model Reveals The Action Of Gβγ At An Inter-Subunit Cleft To Activate Girk1 Channels, Rahul Mahajan, Junghoon Ha, Miao Zhang, Takeharu Kawano, Tohru Kozasa, Diomedes E. Logothetis Aug 2013

A Computational Model Reveals The Action Of Gβγ At An Inter-Subunit Cleft To Activate Girk1 Channels, Rahul Mahajan, Junghoon Ha, Miao Zhang, Takeharu Kawano, Tohru Kozasa, Diomedes E. Logothetis

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The atrial G protein-regulated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK1 and GIRK4) heterotetrameric channels underlie the acetylcholine-induced K+ current responsible for vagal inhibition of heart rate and are activated by the G protein βγ subunits (Gβγ). We used a multistage protein-protein docking approach with data from published structures of GIRK1 and Gβγ to generate an experimentally testable interaction model of Gβγ docked onto the cytosolic domains of the GIRK1 homotetramer. The model suggested a mechanism by which Gβγ promotes the open state of a specific cytosolic gate in the channel, the G-loop gate. The predicted structure showed that the Gβ subunit interacts …


Direction Of Aminoacylated Transfer Rnas Into Antibiotic Synthesis And Peptidoglycan-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance, Jennifer Shepherd, Michael Ibba Jul 2013

Direction Of Aminoacylated Transfer Rnas Into Antibiotic Synthesis And Peptidoglycan-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance, Jennifer Shepherd, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Prokaryotic aminoacylated‐transfer RNAs often need to be efficiently segregated between translation and other cellular biosynthetic pathways. Many clinically relevant bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa direct some aminoacylated‐tRNA species into peptidoglycan biosynthesis and/or membrane phospholipid modification. Subsequent indirect peptidoglycan cross‐linkage or change in membrane permeability is often a prerequisite for high‐level antibiotic resistance. In Streptomycetes, aminoacylated‐tRNA species are used for antibiotic synthesis as well as antibiotic resistance. The direction of coding aminoacylated‐tRNA molecules away from translation and into antibiotic resistance and synthesis pathways are discussed in this review.


Lipid Ii-Independent Trans Editing Of Mischarged Trnas By The Penicillin Resistance Factor Murm, Jennifer Shepherd, Michael Ibba Jul 2013

Lipid Ii-Independent Trans Editing Of Mischarged Trnas By The Penicillin Resistance Factor Murm, Jennifer Shepherd, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a causative agent of nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae depends in part upon MurM, an aminoacyl-tRNA ligase that attaches l-serine or l-alanine to the stem peptide lysine of Lipid II in cell wall peptidoglycan. To investigate the exact substrates the translation machinery provides MurM, quality control by alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) was investigated. AlaRS mischarged serine and glycine to tRNAAla, as observed in other bacteria, and also transferred alanine, serine, and glycine to tRNAPhe. S. pneumoniae tRNAPhe has an unusual U4:C69 mismatch in its acceptor stem that …


Tigecycline Induction Of Phenol-Soluble Modulins By Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Strains, Jason Yamaki, Timothy Synold, Annie Wong-Beringer Jul 2013

Tigecycline Induction Of Phenol-Soluble Modulins By Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Strains, Jason Yamaki, Timothy Synold, Annie Wong-Beringer

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We examined the effects of tigecycline on three types of exoproteins, α-type phenol-soluble modulins (PSMα1 to PSMα4), α-hemolysin, and protein A, in 13 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates compared to those of clindamycin and linezolid. Paradoxical increases in PSMαs occurred in 77% of the isolates with tigecycline at 1/4 and 1/8 MICs and clindamycin at 1/8 MIC compared to only 23% of the isolates with linezolid at 1/8 MIC. Induction was specific to PSMα1 to PSMα4, as protein A and α-hemolysin production was decreased under the same conditions by all of the antibiotics used.


Human Milk Cortisol Is Associated With Infant Temperament, Katherine R. Grey, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn Jul 2013

Human Milk Cortisol Is Associated With Infant Temperament, Katherine R. Grey, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The implications of the biologically active elements in milk for the mammalian infant are largely unknown. Animal models demonstrate that transmission of glucocorticoids through milk influences behavior and modifies brain development in offspring. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between human milk cortisol levels and temperament of the breastfed infant. Fifty-two mother and infant pairs participated when the infants were three-months old. Milk cortisol levels were assessed and each mother completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ), a widely used parent-report measure of infant temperament. Analyses revealed a positive association between milk cortisol and the negative affectivity …


Cyclic Peptides Containing Tryptophan And Arginine As Src Kinase Inhibitors, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rakesh Tiwari, Alex Brown, Dindyal Mandal, Gongqin Sun, Keykavous Parang Jun 2013

Cyclic Peptides Containing Tryptophan And Arginine As Src Kinase Inhibitors, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rakesh Tiwari, Alex Brown, Dindyal Mandal, Gongqin Sun, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A number of cyclic and linear peptides containing various combinations of amino acids were evaluated for their Src kinase inhibitory potency. Among all the peptides, cyclic decapeptide C[RW]5 containing alternative arginine (R) and tryptophan (W) residues was found to be the most potent Src kinase inhibitor. C[RW]5 showed higher inhibitory activity (IC50=2.8 μM) than C[KW]5, L(KW)5, C[RW]4, and C[RW]3 with IC50 values of 46.9, 69.1, 21.5, and 25.0 μM, respectively, as determined in a fluorescence intensity-based assay. Thus, the cyclic nature, the presence of arginine, ring size, and the number of amino acids in the structure of the peptide were …


Label-Free Detection Of Low Protein Concentration In Solution Using A Novel Colorimetric Assay, Molla R. Islam, Michael J. Serpe May 2013

Label-Free Detection Of Low Protein Concentration In Solution Using A Novel Colorimetric Assay, Molla R. Islam, Michael J. Serpe

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Dual pH and temperature sensitive microgel-based etalons were fabricated by sandwiching a “monolithic” microgel layer between two semitransparent, Au layers. The devices exhibit visual color and multipeak reflectance spectra, both of which primarily depend on the distance between the Au surfaces mediated by the microgel diameter. We found that a polycationic polyelectrolyte can penetrate through the Au overlayer to interact with negatively charged microgel confined between Au overlayers. In this submission we report that biotinylated polycationic polymer can penetrate through the Au overlayer of a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylic acid (pNIPAm-co-AAc) microgel-based etalon and cause the microgel layer to collapse. The collapse …


Divergent Protein Motifs Direct Ef-P Mediated Translational Regulation In Salmonella And Escherichia Coli, Steven J. Hersch, Mengchi Wang, S. Betty Zou, Kyung-Mee Moon, Leonard J. Foster, Michael Ibba, William Wiley Navarre Apr 2013

Divergent Protein Motifs Direct Ef-P Mediated Translational Regulation In Salmonella And Escherichia Coli, Steven J. Hersch, Mengchi Wang, S. Betty Zou, Kyung-Mee Moon, Leonard J. Foster, Michael Ibba, William Wiley Navarre

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Elongation factor P (EF-P) is a universally conserved bacterial translation factor homologous to eukaryotic/archaeal initiation factor 5A. In Salmonella, deletion of the efp gene results in pleiotropic phenotypes, including increased susceptibility to numerous cellular stressors. Only a limited number of proteins are affected by the loss of EF-P, and it has recently been determined that EF-P plays a critical role in rescuing ribosomes stalled at PPP and PPG peptide sequences. Here we present an unbiased in vivo investigation of the specific targets of EF-P by employing stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) to compare the …


Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activity Of N-Terminal Modified Leucocin A Analogues, Krishna Chaitanya Bodapati, Rania Soudy, Hashem Etayash, Michael Stiles, Kamaljit Kaur Apr 2013

Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activity Of N-Terminal Modified Leucocin A Analogues, Krishna Chaitanya Bodapati, Rania Soudy, Hashem Etayash, Michael Stiles, Kamaljit Kaur

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Class IIa bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria to destroy competing microorganisms. The N-terminal domain of these peptides consists of a conserved YGNGV sequence and a disulphide bond. The YGNGV motif is essential for activity, whereas, the two cysteines involved in the disulphide bond can be replaced with hydrophobic residues. The C-terminal region has variable sequences, and folds into a conserved amphipathic α-helical structure. To elucidate the structure–activity relationship in the N-terminal domain of these peptides, three analogues (13) of a class IIa bacteriocin, Leucocin A (LeuA), were designed and synthesized by …


Revisiting The Fundamentals In The Design And Control Of Nanoparticulate Colloids In The Frame Of Soft Chemistry, Vuk Uskoković Jan 2013

Revisiting The Fundamentals In The Design And Control Of Nanoparticulate Colloids In The Frame Of Soft Chemistry, Vuk Uskoković

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

This review presents thoughts on some of the fundamental features of conceptual models applied in the design of fine particles in the frames of colloid and soft chemistry. A special emphasis is placed on the limitations of these models, an acknowledgment of which is vital in improving their intricacy and effectiveness in predicting the outcomes of the corresponding experimental settings. Thermodynamics of self-assembly phenomena illustrated on the examples of protein assembly and micellization is analyzed in relation to the previously elaborated thesis that each self-assembly in reality presents a co-assembly, since it implies a mutual reorganization of the assembling system …


Synthesis Of Pyrazolo[3,4-D]Pyrimidine Derivatives And Evaluation Of Their Src Kinase Inhibitory Activities, Anil Kumar, Guofeng Ye, Xianfeng Gu, Yuehao Wang, Gongqin Sun, Keykavous Parang Jan 2013

Synthesis Of Pyrazolo[3,4-D]Pyrimidine Derivatives And Evaluation Of Their Src Kinase Inhibitory Activities, Anil Kumar, Guofeng Ye, Xianfeng Gu, Yuehao Wang, Gongqin Sun, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A series of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for the Src kinase inhibitory activities. Compound 6e and 10c exhibited inhibition of Src kinase with an IC50 value of 5.6 and 5.1 μM, respectively. Hydroxamate derivative 15a was found to be a metal-mediated inhibitor for human Csk with an IC50 value of 2.0 μM showing 56-fold selectivity over Src kinase inhibition.


Chikungunya Virus Infection Results In Higher And Persistent Viral Replication In Aged Rhesus Macaques Due To Defects In Anti-Viral Immunity, Ilhem Messaoudi, Jennifer Totonchy, Thomas Totonchy, Craig N. Kreklywich, Kristen Haberthur, Laura Springgay, James D. Brien, Michael S. Diamond, Victor R. Defilippis, Daniel N. Streblow Jan 2013

Chikungunya Virus Infection Results In Higher And Persistent Viral Replication In Aged Rhesus Macaques Due To Defects In Anti-Viral Immunity, Ilhem Messaoudi, Jennifer Totonchy, Thomas Totonchy, Craig N. Kreklywich, Kristen Haberthur, Laura Springgay, James D. Brien, Michael S. Diamond, Victor R. Defilippis, Daniel N. Streblow

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne Alphavirus that causes a clinical disease involving fever, myalgia, nausea and rash. The distinguishing feature of CHIKV infection is the severe debilitating poly-arthralgia that may persist for several months after viral clearance. Since its re-emergence in 2004, CHIKV has spread from the Indian Ocean region to new locations including metropolitan Europe, Japan, and even the United States. The risk of importing CHIKV to new areas of the world is increasing due to high levels of viremia in infected individuals as well as the recent adaptation of the virus to the mosquito species Aedes …


Aberrant Proliferation In Cxcr7+ Endothelial Cells Via Degradation Of The Retinoblastoma Protein, Jennifer Totonchy, Jessica M. Osborn, Sara Botto, Lisa Clepper, Ashlee V. Moses Jan 2013

Aberrant Proliferation In Cxcr7+ Endothelial Cells Via Degradation Of The Retinoblastoma Protein, Jennifer Totonchy, Jessica M. Osborn, Sara Botto, Lisa Clepper, Ashlee V. Moses

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Angiogenesis is a critical factor in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors. Indeed, tumor vasculature is abnormal and contributes to the development and spread of malignancies by creating a hostile microenvironment. The alternative SDF-1/CXCL12 receptor, CXCR7, is frequently and specifically expressed in tumor-associated vessels. In this study, we examine the role of endothelium-expressed CXCR7 in tumor vascular dysfunction by specifically examining the contribution of CXCR7 to endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. We demonstrate that CXCR7 expression is sufficient to drive post-confluent growth in EC cultures. Further, we provide a novel mechanism for CXCR7-mediated proliferation via proteasomal degradation of the tumor …


Differential Modulation Of Functional Dynamics And Allosteric Interactions In The Hsp90-Cochaperone Complexes With P23 And Aha1: A Computational Study, Kristin Blacklock, Gennady M. Verkhivker Jan 2013

Differential Modulation Of Functional Dynamics And Allosteric Interactions In The Hsp90-Cochaperone Complexes With P23 And Aha1: A Computational Study, Kristin Blacklock, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Allosteric interactions of the molecular chaperone Hsp90 with a large cohort of cochaperones and client proteins allow for molecular communication and event coupling in signal transduction networks. The integration of cochaperones into the Hsp90 system is driven by the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the progression of the ATPase cycle and control the recruitment of the Hsp90 clientele. In this work, we report the results of computational modeling of allosteric regulation in the Hsp90 complexes with the cochaperones p23 and Aha1. By integrating protein docking, biophysical simulations, modeling of allosteric communications, protein structure network analysis and the energy landscape theory we …


Self-Assembled Surfactant Cyclic Peptide Nanostructures As Stabilizing Agents, Dindyal Mandal, Rakesh Tiwari, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Donghoon Oh, Guofeng Ye, Antara Banerjee, Arpita Yadav, Keykavous Parang Jan 2013

Self-Assembled Surfactant Cyclic Peptide Nanostructures As Stabilizing Agents, Dindyal Mandal, Rakesh Tiwari, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Donghoon Oh, Guofeng Ye, Antara Banerjee, Arpita Yadav, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A number of cyclic peptides including [FR](4), [FK](4), [WK](5), [CR](4), [AK](4), and [WR](n) (n = 3-5) containing L-amino acids were produced using solid-phase peptide synthesis. We hypothesized that an optimal balance of hydrophobicity and charge could generate self-assembled nanostructures in aqueous solution by intramolecular and/or intermolecular interactions. Among all the designed peptides, [WR](n) (n = 3-5) generated self-assembled vesicle-like nanostructures at room temperature as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and/or dynamic light scattering (DLS). This class of peptides represents the first report of surfactant-like cyclic peptides that self-assemble into nanostructures. A plausible mechanistic insight into …


Copper Triflate-Mediated Synthesis Of 1,3,5-Triarylpyrazoles In [Bmim][Pf6] Ionic Liquid And Evaluation Of Their Anticancer Activities, V. Kameshwara Rao, Rakesh Tiwari, Bhupender S. Chhikara, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang, Anil Kumar Jan 2013

Copper Triflate-Mediated Synthesis Of 1,3,5-Triarylpyrazoles In [Bmim][Pf6] Ionic Liquid And Evaluation Of Their Anticancer Activities, V. Kameshwara Rao, Rakesh Tiwari, Bhupender S. Chhikara, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang, Anil Kumar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A simple, efficient, and environment friendly protocol for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoles and 1,3,5-triarylpyrazolines in [bmim][PF6] ionic liquid mediated by Cu(OTf)2 is described. The reaction protocol gave 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoles in good to high yields (71–84%) via a one-pot addition–cyclocondensation between chalcones and arylhydrazines, and oxidative aromatization without the requirement for an additional oxidizing reagent. The catalyst can be reused for up to four cycles without much loss in the catalytic activity. The pyrazoles (4a–o) and pyrazolines (3a–n) were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity in SK-OV-3, HT-29, and HeLa human cancer cells lines. Among all the compounds, 3b inhibited cell proliferation of …