Anatomy Commons^™

The Influence Of Demographic, Social, And Economic Factors On Referral For Heart Failure Services, Catherine Elaine Kelty

Dissertations

Patients with end-stage advanced heart failure must go through an extensive evaluation process before being selected for either heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device (LVAD). This evaluation not only assesses a patient’s medical need for advanced heart failure treatments but also includes an assessment of psychosocial and economic factors that may affect a patient’s success post-treatment. While it is important to allocate scarce resources, such as donated organs, to the patients who will benefit the most, there is also a need for equity in the allocation of and access to healthcare services. This raises the question of whether patients …

From Young To Old: The Effects Of Sedentary-Aging And Exercise Interventions On Structural Plasticity Of Lumbar Motor Neurons, Nmj, And Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression, Alberto Felipe Cintron-Colon

Dissertations

Neuromuscular weakness has been associated with age progression. A possible reason is a disconnection between muscle and neuron, causing components from both the central and peripheral nervous systems to deteriorate. Exercise, however, has beneficial effects for both muscle and nervous tissue, inducing neuroprotection. Neurotrophic factors are powerful regulators of neuronal maintenance and synaptic strength. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a neurotrophic factor that has been shown to be a potent survival factor for somatic motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscle.

This study aims to evaluate changes in structural plasticity of motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord and …

Photoreception And Eye Regeneration Mechanisms In Planarians, Taylor R. Birkholz

Dissertations

Although humans lack the ability to regenerate complete organs and limbs following amputation or injury, there are many other species (both vertebrates and invertebrates) that can. Significant advances have been made in understanding the genetic mechanisms that regulate organ regeneration in these species, including regeneration of eye tissues such as the lens and retina. Planarians are an established historical model used to study regeneration due to their ability to regenerate any organ, including the eye. With recent advances in molecular genetic analyses, planarians are now an emerging model for the specific study of eye regeneration mechanisms. Furthermore, regeneration of the …

A Review Of Literature For Osteology: Cell Biology, Tissue Biology, And The Application Of Synthetic Compounds For The Facilitation Of Bone Tissue Repair, Ryan T. Jones

Honors Theses

Bone is a dynamic matter that provides support, structure, mineral reserves, and stem cell reserves for the body. Important functions range from structural support for the body to roles in maintaining homeostasis. Structure and support for the body is the most obvious role, with the skeletal system as a whole providing a normal force for other tissues and organs to resist gravity. Protection is also inferred for tissues and organs from impacting forces, especially with axial bones covering vital organs in the thoracic cavity. Another function of bone includes the ability to store and release minerals when needed to maintain …

Stuck Together: Searching For A Model Of Peritoneal Adhesions Using The August Rat, James W. Bathe

Honors Theses

Fibrous adhesions, a by-product of the healing process, often appear post-surgically as a result of peritonitis related to the surgery. These adhesions can be either primarily "scar tissue" or excess "healthy tissue," and are the leading cause of intestinal obstruction in modern medicine. Shockingly, adhesions occur in up to 96% of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery. Adhesions can lead to multiple complications other than obstructions such as inadvertent enterotomy at the time of adhesiolysis, chronic pain, and female infertility. Additional complications arise from the adhesions preventing the free movement of organs and causing strangulations. The causes of the peritonitis, and therefore …

The Effects Of Differing Bicycle Frame Geometry On Muscle Recruitment Strategies And Power During A 30-Second Wingate Anaerobic Test, Patrick Hills-Meyer

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to test how changing the bicycle frame geometry; from a shallow frame geometry [seat tube angle (STA) of 72°] to a steep frame geometry (STA of 82°) affected the electromyographic (EMG) signal of the hamstrings [biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles] and the quadriceps [vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL)] and power (max, mean, min, and, % drop) during a Wingate anaerobic test (WAT). To measure the muscle recruitment and power, 12 experienced triathletes were prepped with surface electrodes to measure EMG amplitude and an electrogoniometer to measure knee joint angle while …

A Kinematic And Kinetic Analysis Of First, Fourth, And Fifth Positions In The Classical Ballet Method, Mary Sue Hill

Masters Theses

The problem of the study was to compare electromyography (EMG) responses, ground reaction forces, and torques on female college-age dancers' knees in selected positions. Subjects were 18 female dancers, aged 18 to 30 years, with 6 subjects from each of three levels: Ballet Technique I, II, and III. The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis were analyzed in a grande plie in three positions, (1) first, (2) fourth, and (3) fifth, with two phases: (1) eccentric, and (2) concentric. No differences in force or EMG data were found for the concentric phases of the three positions. Significant differences were …

Pain Levels And Rating Of Perceived Exertion Of People With Herniated Lumbar Disc While Walking In Two Environments, Brenda L. Cunningham-Boerger

Masters Theses

The purpose of the study was to investigate if walking in water is an effective substitute for walking on land as an aerobic exercise for people with herniated lumbar disc. The study involved the dependent variables o f perceived pain levels (PPL) and ratings o f perceived exertion (RPE). Independent variables were walking condition and work intensity. Land walking was performed on a treadmill; water walking was performed in an indoor pool 4.5 ft deep and 90*F. Work was set at four different intensities, based on the formula for predicting maximum heart rate (MHR), 220 minus age. The graded work …

The R Value At Vo2 Max During Maximal Graded Exercise Treadmill Tests Of Coronary Artery Diseased And Nondiseased Subjects, Sherry S. Williams

Masters Theses

This study examined the R value at VO2 max during maximal graded treadmill exercise tests to determine if it was a reliable indicator of VO2 max and could therefore be used as a test termination criterion. The subjects in this study were 160 coronary artery diseased (CAD) patients and 170 nondiseased individuals. Data were collected from existing stress test records. The R value was also analyzed to determine if proportions of diseased and nondiseased subjects were the same. The time it took 100 CAD patients to reach VO2 max and exhaustion once R rose above 1.00 was also examined.

The …

Effects Of Strengthening The Stabilizing Muscles Of The Hip Joint On Strength Gain Of The Hamstring Group, Tina M. Wilson

Masters Theses

The problem under investigation was to determine if strengthening the abductor and adductor muscle groups of the hip would increase hamstring flexion strength. Forty females from aerobic classes were put into two groups, control and treatment, after being pretested on the Cybex II Dynamometer. The control group participated only in aerobics, while the treatment group participated in the aerobics and treatment program. The treatment consisted of four exercises working abduction and adduction of the thigh with SPRI's Xercise Band.

After six weeks all subjects were posttested on the Cybex II Dynamometer. Both groups had significant increases in hamstring strength. These …

Total Blood Cholesterol, Blood Triglyceride, And Blood Hdl Correlation, Rebecca Lynn Babler

Masters Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between total blood cholesterol levels, blood triglyceride levels, and blood HDL levels in men and women 20 to 80 years of age. All subjects fasted for 12 hours prior to having their blood drawn.

The computer program SPSSX (SPSSX, Inc., 1988) was used along with subprograms CONDESCRIPTIVE, CORRELATION, and ANOVA. Pearson Product Moment Correlations were calculated for all subjects, for male subjects, and for female subjects.

The study revealed a low correlation coefficient between blood cholesterol levels and blood triglyceride levels for all subjects, female subjects and male subjects. There …

The Effects Of Aerobic Conditioning Upon The Resting Metabolic Rate, Marti R. Davis

Masters Theses

This study com pared the metabolic rate following an exercise bout to the resting metabolic rate (RM R) established in pretesting procedures for twelve college age females. The only factor differentiating the groups was length o f the training period (one week, two weeks, four weeks, and five weeks). Training took place on a Bosch cycle ergometer three times a week, for 30 minutes each session, at 70 to 85 percent o f the subjects' heart rate reserve (HRR). Breath analysis was measured on a Beckman Metabolic Cart in both pretesting and post-testing procedures.

The findings indicated that aerobic exercise, …

A Biomechanical Analysis Of The Effect Wear Patterns Of Running Shoes Have On Kinematic Variables Of The Lower Extremities, Audrey E. Randall

Masters Theses

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between wear patterns of running shoes and selected kinematic variables of the lower extremities. Statistical analyses were completed by using a case study design for two male subjects. Subjects were filmed for ten strides on six different sessions over a three-month period. A two-way ANOVA design, with repeated measures, evaluated the dependent variables: (a) footstrike, (b) midstance and (c) toeoff phases. The degree of change was determined by digitizing ten points on the body. A University of California, Los Angeles, BMDP2V statistical package was used to determine differences between means. …

The Effects Of Cigarette Smoking And Vitamin E On The Morphology Of Mice Testes, Kathleen Grams Hall

Masters Theses

Epidemiological studies have produced evidence to support an association between cigarette smoking and abnormal sperm morphology. At the least , an effect on sperm morphology indicates the involvement of the testis. Therefore, the research was designed to survey the potential of cigarette smoking for inducing histopathology in the testes of mice, and if there was damage, would vitamin E overcome it.

In the present study the testes of C57BL/6 mive exposed to cigarette smoke and/or vitamin E and 22 control mice were histologically processed. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were assessed for total histopathology and revealed statistically significant differences …

Physiologic Responses To Maximal Exercise On A Treadmill, Monarch Bicycle Ergometer And Schwinn Air-Dyne Ergometer, Elaine Jason Naegele

Masters Theses

The study was conducted to determine which of three exercise modes would elicit the highest values for maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate. Maximal graded exercise tests were performed by 20 healthy adults, ten women and ten men. Five of the women and five of the men were trained and the remaining ten were untrained. Each subject used, in a random order: (a) a motorized treadmill, (b) a Monarch bicycle ergometer, and (c) a Schwinn Air-Dyne ergometer. For each test, subjects were encouraged to complete successively harder workload stages, until they reached volitional exhaustion or localized muscle fatigue.

The …

The Effects Of Alprazolam And Triazolam On Two Methods Of Induced Aggression In Rats, Howard Kiel Plummer

Masters Theses

Two new benzodiazepine tranquilizers, alprazolam and triazolam were used to try to reduce aggression in rats produced by isolation or drugs. Both reduced elements of isolation-induced aggression, and triazolam was more potent. Little reduction was found in drug-induced aggression by either tranquilizer. It is unknown why aggression was not reduced for the drug-induced method, but it is possible that a synergism existed between the two methods of inducing aggression, since the same rats were used for both methods. Different rats were used for each tranquilizer. Reduction in aggression for the isolated rats seems consistent with results for other benzodiazepine tranquilizers.

Otopathology In Two Lines Of The Diabetic Chinese Hamster, Cricetulus Griseus, Jo A. Oostveen

Masters Theses

Recent evidence suggests that a bilateral, progressive sensorineural hearing loss is associated with diabetes mellitus in humans. The microangiopathy presumedly leading to this loss seems to be similar to microvascular changes leading to this loss seems to be similar to microvascular changes leading to renal and retinal deterioration. A total of twenty-four pairs of temporal bones from two diabetic, and one non-diabetic lines of the Chinese hamster were processed and evaluated for their total auditory histopathology. Hematoxylin and eosin serial sections demonstrated a mean otopathological involvement 5.6 times greater for diabetic animals compared to non-diabetic animals. Capillary basement membrane thickening …

The Induced Histopathology Of The Testes And Epididymides Of Cf-1 Mice By Known Or Suspected Teratogens, Mutagens, And Carcinogens, Kevin K. Block

Masters Theses

With each passing year, humans are exposed to ever increasing numbers of chemical agents, many of which may have mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic effects on the human species. Animal studies must be performed on any chemical substance that is suspected of being acutely dangerous to humans by way of cancer induction or inducted malformations to infants. Seven drugs of known or suspected mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic potential were examined for their ability to induce histopathology in the testes and epididymides of CF-1 mice. Mitomycin-C, hydroxyurea, and adriamycin induced significant histopathology whereas predisolone, thalidomide, streptomycin sulfate, and polybrominated biphenyl induced minimal …

The Effects Of Glucocorticoids On Gluconeogenesis In Diabetic And Normal Chinese Hamsters, Charles James Woody

Masters Theses

The objective of this study was to determine whether diabetic Chinese Hamsters maintained elevated endogenous cortisol concentrations and whether the previously reported elevation in gluconeogenesis in these diabetic animals was correlated with these cortisol concentrations.

It was found that nonketotic diabetic Chinese Hamsters maintained plasma cortisol concentrations similar to those of controls for the morning and evening time periods examined. Their rate of gluconeogenesis and absorption of injected pyruvate is much greater than that of controls in the morning. Furthermore, adrenalectomy increases gluconeogenesis and pyruvate absorption in both diabetics and normals and alleviates the difference seen in these parameters in …

The Effects Of Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibition On The Regulation Of Blood Pressure In The Rat, David J. Pollock

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Hypophysectomy And Testosterone On Testicular Prostaglandin F2Α, Diane Charron Beuving

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Prostaglandin E2: A Study Of Intestinal Secretion As A Mechanism Of Action For The Gastric Antisecretory Property In The Rat, Cleo Lancaster

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Time-Related Changes In Rat Androgen Binding Protein Following A Sterilizing Dose Of 3-Chloro-1, 2-Propanediol, Shirley J. Stein

Masters Theses

Androgen binding protein (ABP) is produced by the Sertoli cell, regulated by FSH and androgens, secreted into the testicular fluid, and transported into the caput epididymis where it is thought to play a role in sperm maturation. In this study, the response of ABP to a lesion created chemically by administration of a single, oral 60 mg/kg dose of alpha-chlorohydrin was examined in ninety day old male rats. Total testicular ABP content increased progressively for four days after treatment and there after declined whereas, epididymal ABP concentration decreased immediately. Serum testosterone showed no significant variation from controls, however, serum FSH …

An In Vitro Study Of The Effects Of 17Β Estradiol On A Possible Atherosclerotic-Causing Enzyme, Xanthine Oxidase, Peter E. Malo

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Prostaglandins And Aspirin On Insulin Release From Isolated Normal Rat Islets, Barbara Ann Hopps

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Indomethacin On Gastric Secretion And Duodenal Ulcer Formation In Bile Duct-Ligated Rats, Diane M. Przewozniak

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Circadian Rhythms In Feeding, Plasma Insulin, Glucose And Glucagon And Pancreatic Insulin And Glucagon Between Normal And Diabetic Chinese Hamsters, William Vansickle

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Into The Nature Of Action Of The Hyperglycemic Factor Present In The Suprapharyngeal Ganglia Of Lumbricus Terrestris, Bruce M. Taylor

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Cold Exposure On Serum Levels Of Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin In Male And Virgin Female Rats, Erik R. Larsen

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Inhibition Of Gastric Secretion And Ulcer Formation By Lithium Chloride In The Rat, Thomas H. Adair

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.