Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Pain Management In Postoperative Pediatric Craniotomy Patients: A Scoping Review, Jessica M. Hiltenbrand Bsn, Rn, Sydney A. Scarbrough Bsn, Rn, Kaitlyn E. Shirley Bsn, Rn, Michelle Rickard Dnp, Cpnp-Ac

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background The pediatric craniotomy procedure is a complex and painful procedure that requires adequate pain management and frequent neurological assessments. Generally, evidence for pediatric pain management is severely lacking in research, and evidence for pediatric craniotomy patients is lacking even further. This scoping review aims to collect, condense, and review the current data in order to fuel future studies to establish more data, protocols, and evidence-based recommendations for analgesia in the pediatric craniotomy patient population.

Methods The studies selected were peer-reviewed, published in a medical or nursing journal, included study ages 0-21 years, or provided evidence on pediatric analgesia. Sources …

Effectiveness Of Perioperative Ketamine Vs. Opioid Analgesia On Extubation Time And Total Perioperative Opioid Requirement, Robert H. Gray Srna, Sarah S. Hardesty Srna, Heidi E. Higginbotham Srna, Charles A. Hoyt Ii, Srna, Dwayne Accardo Dnp, Crna

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background Opioid analgesics are a primary source of pain control in the perioperative patient. However, all opioids decrease ventilatory drive secondary to mu2 receptor agonism in the brainstem. Ventilatory depression delays extubation after mechanical ventilation in post-operative patients, thus increasing the risk of complications such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and barotrauma. Non-opioid analgesics such as ketamine have been considered for use in order to reduce this risk. Ketamine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-antagonizing sedative that bears analgesic properties while preserving respiratory drive. Research suggests that ketamine provides effective perioperative pain control and decreases postoperative extubation time when given alone or with …

Pain Control: Opioid Vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During The Immediate Postoperative Period, Shamsie M. Lumpkin Bsn, Srna, Isaac W. Parrish Bsn, Srna, Austin S. Terrell Bsn, Srna, Dwayne S. Accardo Dnp, Aprn, Crna

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to …

A 10-Year Review Of Opioid-Related Deaths At West Tennessee Regional Forensic Center: 2007-2017, Haley M. St John, Juliette Scantlebury Md

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Prescription opioid deaths have tripled since 1999, and currently opioid overdose kills 115 Americans per day on average (1). Prior to 2014, prescription opioids have been the primary driver of opioid-related mortality. In recent years, the United States has seen a steady decline in the rate of opioid prescription. At the same time, there has been a significant increase in the number of deaths attributed to non-prescription opioids such as heroin, illicitly manufactured fentanyl, and fentanyl analogues. In 2017, among 70,237 drug overdose deaths nationally, 47,600 (67.8%) involved opioids, with increases across age groups, racial/ethnic groups, and county urbanization levels …