Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Beneficial Effects Of The 30-Minute Door-To-Needle Time Standard For Alteplase Administration, Suja S Rajan, Marquita Decker-Palmer, Jessica Wise, Thanh Dao, Cindy Salem, Sean I Savitz

Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective: The American Heart Association recently raised the bar on the timely treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with intravenous alteplase. Our study looks at the effectiveness of this new standard, by examining the effect of varying door-to-needle times of alteplase initiation on the clinical, quality of care, and efficiency of care outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study examined 752 AIS patients treated with intravenous alteplase in a large academic health system during 2015-2018, and compared their outcomes after treatment within 30, 45, and 60 min of arrival. The outcomes compared were: (1) clinical - discharge and 90-day modified Rankin …

Nurses' Pandemic Lives: A Mixed-Methods Study Of Experiences During Covid-19., Kathleen Gray, Paulette Dorney, Lori Hoffman, Albert Crawford

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

BACKGROUND: The US healthcare settings and staff have been stretched to capacity by the COVID-19 pandemic. While COVID-19 continues to threaten global healthcare delivery systems and populations, its impact on nursing has been profound.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to document nurses' immediate reactions, major stressors, effective measures to reduce stress, coping strategies, and motivators as they provided care during COVID-19.

DESIGN: Mixed-methods, cross sectional design. Participants responded to objective and open-ended questions on the COVID-19 Nurses' Survey.

PARTICIPANTS: The survey, was sent to nurses employed in health care settings during the pandemic; 110 nurses participated.

RESULTS: Immediate reactions of respondents …

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption May Modify Associations Between Genetic Variants In The Chrebp (Carbohydrate Responsive Element Binding Protein) Locus And Hdl-C (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) And Triglyceride Concentrations, Danielle E Haslam, Gina M Peloso, Melanie Guirette, Fumiaki Imamura, Traci M Bartz, Achilleas N Pitsillides, Carol A Wang, Ruifang Li-Gao, Jason M Westra, Niina Pitkänen, Kristin L Young, Mariaelisa Graff, Alexis C Wood, Kim V E Braun, Jian'an Luan, Mika Kähönen, Jessica C Kiefte-De Jong, Mohsen Ghanbari, Nathan Tintle, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Kari North, Mika Helminen, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Linda Snetselaar, Lisa W Martin, Jorma S Viikari, Wendy H Oddy, Craig E Pennell, Frits R Rosendall, M Arfan Ikram, Andre G Uitterlinden, Bruce M Psaty, Dariush Mozaffarian, Jerome I Rotter, Kent D Taylor, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T Raitakari, Kara A Livingston, Trudy Voortman, Nita G Forouhi, Nick J Wareham, Renée De Mutsert, Steven S Rich, Joann E Manson, Samia Mora, Paul M Ridker, Jordi Merino, James B Meigs, Hassan S Dashti, Daniel I Chasman, Alice H Lichtenstein, Caren E Smith, Josée Dupuis, Mark A Herman, Nicola M Mckeown

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: ChREBP (carbohydrate responsive element binding protein) is a transcription factor that responds to sugar consumption. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and genetic variants in the

METHODS: Data from 11 cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (N=63 599) and the UK Biobank (N=59 220) were used to quantify associations of SSB consumption, genetic variants, and their interaction on HDL-C and triglyceride concentrations using linear regression models. A total of 1606 single nucleotide polymorphisms within or near

RESULTS: In a meta-analysis, rs71556729 was significantly associated with higher HDL-C concentrations only among the highest SSB consumers …

Phase Ii Study Of Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab As Therapy For Patients With Previously Treated Anti-Pd-1/Pd-L1 Resistant Stage Iv Squamous Cell Lung Cancer (Lung-Map Substudy S1400f, Nct03373760), Natasha B Leighl, Jeffrey D Bradley, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: S1400F is a non-match substudy of Lung Cancer Master Protocol (Lung-MAP) evaluating the immunotherapy combination of durvalumab and tremelimumab to overcome resistance to anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) therapy in patients with advanced squamous lung carcinoma (sq non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)).

METHODS: Patients with previously treated sqNSCLC with disease progression after anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy, who did not qualify for any active molecularly targeted Lung-MAP substudies, were eligible. Patients received tremelimumab 75 mg plus durvalumab 1500 mg once every 28 days for four cycles then durvalumab alone every 28 days until disease progression. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate …

Il-7 Expands Lymphocyte Populations And Enhances Immune Responses To Sipuleucel-T In Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mcrpc), Russell K Pachynski, Chihiro Morishima, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Sipuleucel-T (sip-T) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved autologous cellular immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We hypothesized that combining sip-T with interleukin (IL)-7, a homeostatic cytokine that enhances both B and T cell development and proliferation, would augment and prolong antigen-specific immune responses against both PA2024 (the immunogen for sip-T) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP).

METHODS: Fifty-four patients with mCRPC treated with sip-T were subsequently enrolled and randomized 1:1 into observation (n=26) or IL-7 (n=28) arms of a phase II clinical trial (NCT01881867). Recombinant human (rh) IL-7 (CYT107) was given weekly×4. Immune responses were evaluated using …

Metabolomics Profiling Of Patients With A-Β+ Ketosis-Prone Diabetes During Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Farook Jahoor, Jean W Hsu, Paras B Mehta, Kelly R Keene, Ruchi Gaba, Surya Narayan Mulukutla, Eunice Caducoy, W Frank Peacock, Sanjeet G Patel, Rasmus Bennet, Ake Lernmark, Ashok Balasubramanyam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

When stable and near-normoglycemic, patients with “A−β+” ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) manifest accelerated leucine catabolism and blunted ketone oxidation, which may underlie their proclivity to develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). To understand metabolic derangements in A−β+ KPD patients during DKA, we compared serum metabolomics profiles of adults during acute hyperglycemic crises, without (n = 21) or with (n = 74) DKA, and healthy control subjects (n = 17). Based on 65 kDa GAD islet autoantibody status, C-peptide, and clinical features, 53 DKA patients were categorized as having KPD and 21 type 1 diabetes (T1D); 21 nonketotic patients were categorized as …

Integrated Analysis Of A Phase 2 Study Of Cemiplimab In Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Extended Follow-Up Of Outcomes And Quality Of Life Analysis, Danny Rischin, Leonel Hernandez-Aya, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: To provide pooled longer term data from three groups of a phase 2 study of cemiplimab in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and to determine duration of response (DOR) and impact on quality of life (QoL).

METHODS: Patients received cemiplimab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (group 1, metastatic CSCC [mCSCC], n=59; group 2, locally advanced CSCC, n=78) or cemiplimab 350 mg every 3 weeks (group 3, mCSCC, n=56). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per independent central review (ICR). QoL was repeatedly measured at day 1 of each treatment cycle (groups 1 and 2: 8 …

Comparative Effectiveness Of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Vs Sulfonylureas In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Yan Xie, Benjamin Bowe, Andrew K Gibson, Janet B Mcgill, Geetha Maddukuri, Ziyad Al-Aly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: In the treatment of type 2 diabetes, evidence of the comparative effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors vs sulfonylureas-the second most widely used antihyperglycemic class after metformin-is lacking.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors and sulfonylureas associated with the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes using metformin.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cohort study used data from the US Department of Veterans Affairs compared the use of SGLT2 inhibitors vs sulfonylureas in individuals receiving metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes. A total of 23 870 individuals with new use of …

De-Identification Procedures For Magnetic Resonance Images And The Impact On Structural Brain Measures At Different Ages, Elizabeth E L Buimer, Hugo G Schnack, Yaron Caspi, Neeltje E M Van Haren, Mikhail Milchenko, Pascal Pas, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol, Rachel M Brouwer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Surface rendering of MRI brain scans may lead to identification of the participant through facial characteristics. In this study, we evaluate three methods that overwrite voxels containing privacy-sensitive information: Face Masking, FreeSurfer defacing, and FSL defacing. We included structural T1-weighted MRI scans of children, young adults and older adults. For the young adults, test-retest data were included with a 1-week interval. The effects of the de-identification methods were quantified using different statistics to capture random variation and systematic noise in measures obtained through the FreeSurfer processing pipeline. Face Masking and FSL defacing impacted brain voxels in some scans especially in …

Quality-Adjusted Time Without Symptoms Of Disease Or Toxicity (Q-Twist) Analysis Of Cpx-351 Versus 7 + 3 In Older Adults With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk/Secondary Aml, Jorge E Cortes, Tara L Lin, Geoffrey L Uy, Robert J Ryan, Stefan Faderl, Jeffrey E Lancet

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: CPX-351 (United States: Vyxeos

METHODS: Patients were randomized 1:1 between December 20, 2012 and November 11, 2014 to receive induction with CPX-351 or 7 + 3. Survival time for each patient was partitioned into 3 health states: TOX (time with any grade 3 or 4 toxicity or prior to remission), TWiST (time in remission without relapse or grade 3 or 4 toxicity), and REL (time after relapse). Within each treatment arm, Q-TWiST was calculated by adding the mean time spent in each health state weighted by its respective quality-of-life, represented by health utility. The relative Q-TWiST gain, calculated as …

Covid-19 And The Impact On Rural And Black Church Congregants: Results Of The C-M-C Project, Lovoria B. Williams, Anita F. Fernander, Tofial Azam, Maria L. Gomez, Junghee Kang, Cassidy L. Moody, Hannah Bowman, Nancy E. Schoenberg

Nursing Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating effects on Black and rural populations with a mortality rate among Blacks three times that of Whites and both rural and Black populations experiencing limited access to COVID-19 resources. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the health, financial, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among rural White Appalachian and Black nonrural central Kentucky church congregants. Secondarily we sought to examine the association between sociodemographics and behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs regarding COVID-19 and intent to vaccinate. We used a cross sectional survey design developed with the constructs of the Health Belief and Theory …

Cardiovascular Outcomes In Patients With Mitochondrial Disease In The United States: A Propensity Score Analysis, Tran Nguyen, Talal Alzahrani, Joseph Krepp, Gurusher Panjrath

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Mitochondrial disease comprises a wide range of genetic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Its rarity, however, has limited the ability to assess its effects on clinical outcomes. To evaluate this relationship, we collected data from the 2016 National Inpatient Sample, which includes data from >7 million hospital stays. We identified 705 patients (mean age, 22 ± 20.7 yr; 54.2% female; 67.4% white) whose records included the ICD-10-CM code E88.4. We also identified a propensity-matched cohort of 705 patients without mitochondrial disease to examine the effect of mitochondrial disease on major adverse cardiovascular events, including all-cause in-hospital death, cardiac arrest, and …

Monitoring Self-Perceived Occupational Health Inequities In Central America, 2011 And 2018, Michael Silva-Peñaherrera, David Gimeno Ruiz De Porras, George L Delclos, Marianela Rojas Garbanzo, Pamela Merino-Salazar, Maria Lopez-Ruiz, Fernando G Benavides

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives. to analyze changes in occupational health inequity between 2011 and 2018 among workers in Central America. Methods. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews at the workers' homes for the 2 Central America Working Conditions Surveys (n = 12 024 in 2011 and n = 9030 in 2018). We estimated health inequity gaps by means of absolute and relative population attributable risks and the weighted Keppel index. We stratified all analyses by gender. Results. Between 2011 and 2018, the proportion of workers reporting poor self-perceived health decreased both in women (from 32% to 29%) and men (from 33% to 30%). …

Sustained Use Of The Impella 50 Heart Pump Enables Bridge To Clinical Decisions In 34 Patients, Daniel W Nelson, Sakthi Sundararajan, Evan Klein, Lyle D Joyce, Lucian A Durham, David L Joyce, Asim A Mohammed

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

We studied whether sustained hemodynamic support (>7 d) with the Impella 5.0 heart pump can be used as a bridge to clinical decisions in patients who present with cardiogenic shock, and whether such support can improve their outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed cases of patients who had Impella 5.0 support at our hospital from August 2017 through May 2019. Thirty-four patients (23 with cardiogenic shock and 11 with severely decompensated heart failure) underwent sustained support for a mean duration of 11.7 ± 9.3 days (range, ≤48 d). Of 29 patients (85.3%) who survived to next therapy, 15 were weaned from …

Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation To Facilitate Removal Of Endobronchial Tumors, Bryan Miles, Lucian A Durham, Jonathan Kurman, Lyle D Joyce, David W Johnstone, David Joyce, Paul J Pearson

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Short-term extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a useful adjunct to thoracic procedures. We report the cases of 2 middle-aged men who were supported with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to facilitate tumor debulking and recanalization of the carina and mainstem bronchi. Neither patient had major complications or adverse events. These cases suggest that short-term extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is safe in patients undergoing complex resection or debulking of endobronchial lesions.

High Burden Of Subclinical And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Adults With Metabolically Healthy Obesity: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (Aric) Study, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Mariana Lazo, Olive Tang, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Chiadi E Ndumele, Vijay Nambi, Dan Wang, Christie Ballantyne, Elizabeth Selvin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: It is controversial whether adults who are obese but "metabolically healthy" have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk comparable with that of normal-weight adults. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), a biomarker of myocardial damage, is useful in characterizing subclinical CVD. We categorized obesity phenotypes and studied their associations with subclinical and clinical CVD and CVD subtypes, including heart failure (HF).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses of 9,477 adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. We used the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and BMI to define obesity phenotypes as follows: metabolically healthy normal weight, …

Factors Associated With Access To And Receipt Of Liver Transplantation In Veterans With End-Stage Liver Disease, Fasiha Kanwal, Ruben Hernaez, Yan Liu, Thomas J Taylor, Abbas Rana, Jennifer R Kramer, Aanand D Naik, Donna Smith, Tamar Taddei, Steven M Asch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Organ scarcity means few patients with advanced liver disease undergo a transplant, making equitable distribution all the more crucial. Disparities may arise at any stage in the complex process leading up to this curative therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the rate of and factors associated with referral, wait-listing, and receipt of liver allografts.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study used linked data from comprehensive electronic medical records and the United Network of Organ Sharing. Adult patients with cirrhosis and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease with addition of sodium score of at least 15 points between October 1, …

Deteriorated Regional Calf Microcirculation Measured By Contrast-Free Mri In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Relation With Physical Activity, Jie Zheng, Christopher Sorensen, Ran Li, Hongyu An, Charles F Hildebolt, Mohamed A Zayed, Michael J Mueller, Mary K Hastings

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate regional calf muscle microcirculation in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without foot ulcers, compared to healthy control people without DM, using contrast-free magnetic resonance imaging methods.

METHODS: Three groups of subjects were recruited: non-DM controls, DM, and DM with foot ulcers (DM + ulcer), all with ankle brachial index (ABI) > 0.9. Skeletal muscle blood flow (SMBF) and oxygen extraction fraction (SMOEF) in calf muscle were measured at rest and during a 5-min isometric ankle plantarflexion exercise. Subjects completed the Yale physical activity survey.

RESULTS: The exercise SMBF (ml/min/100 g) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle were …

Sex-Related Disparities In Cardiovascular Health Care Among Patients With Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Michelle T Lee, Dhruv Mahtta, David J Ramsey, Jing Liu, Arunima Misra, Khurram Nasir, Zainab Samad, Dipti Itchhaporia, Safi U Khan, Richard S Schofield, Christie M Ballantyne, Laura A Petersen, Salim S Virani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: There is a paucity of data regarding secondary prevention care disparities in women with premature and extremely premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), defined as an ASCVD event at 55 years or younger and 40 years or younger, respectively.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sex-based differences in antiplatelet agents, any statin, high-intensity statin (HIS) therapy, and statin adherence in patients with premature and extremely premature ASCVD.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter, nationwide VA health care system-based study with patients enrolled in the Veterans With Premature Atherosclerosis (VITAL) registry. The study assessed patients who had at least 1 primary …

High Burden Of Subclinical And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Adults With Metabolically Healthy Obesity: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (Aric) Study, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Mariana Lazo, Olive Tang, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Chiadi E Ndumele, Vijay Nambi, Dan Wang, Christie Ballantyne, Elizabeth Selvin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: It is controversial whether adults who are obese but "metabolically healthy" have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk comparable with that of normal-weight adults. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), a biomarker of myocardial damage, is useful in characterizing subclinical CVD. We categorized obesity phenotypes and studied their associations with subclinical and clinical CVD and CVD subtypes, including heart failure (HF).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses of 9,477 adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. We used the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and BMI to define obesity phenotypes as follows: metabolically healthy normal weight, …

Bintrafusp Alfa, A Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting Tgf-Β And Pd-L1, In Patients With Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Results From A Phase 1 Cohort, Benjamin Tan, Adnan Khattak, Enriqueta Felip, Karen Kelly, Patricia Rich, Ding Wang, Christoph Helwig, Isabelle Dussault, Laureen S Ojalvo, Nicolas Isambert

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Esophageal adenocarcinoma patients have limited treatment options. TGF-β can be upregulated in esophageal adenocarcinoma, and blocking this pathway may enhance clinical response to PD-(L)1 inhibitors. Bintrafusp alfa is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the TGF-βRII receptor (a TGF-β "trap") fused to a human IgG1 mAb blocking PD-L1.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of bintrafusp alfa in patients with advanced, post-platinum esophageal adenocarcinoma, unselected for PD-L1 expression.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this phase 1 study, patients with post-platinum, PD-L1-unselected esophageal adenocarcinoma received bintrafusp alfa 1200 mg …

Dietary Fiber Intake, The Gut Microbiome, And Chronic Systemic Inflammation In A Cohort Of Adult Men, Wenjie Ma, Yin Cao, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: A higher intake of dietary fiber is associated with a decreased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease and inflammatory bowel disease. This may function in part due to abrogation of chronic systemic inflammation induced by factors such as dysbiotic gut communities. Data regarding the detailed influences of long-term and recent intake of differing dietary fiber sources on the human gut microbiome are lacking.

METHODS: In a cohort of 307 generally healthy men, we examined gut microbiomes, profiled by shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing, and long-term and recent dietary fiber intake in relation to plasma levels of …

Development And Validation Of Machine Learning-Based Race-Specific Models To Predict 10-Year Risk Of Heart Failure: A Multicohort Analysis, Matthew W Segar, Byron C Jaeger, Kershaw V Patel, Vijay Nambi, Chiadi E Ndumele, Adolfo Correa, Javed Butler, Alvin Chandra, Colby Ayers, Shreya Rao, Alana A Lewis, Laura M Raffield, Carlos J Rodriguez, Erin D Michos, Christie M Ballantyne, Michael E Hall, Robert J Mentz, James A De Lemos, Ambarish Pandey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) risk and the underlying risk factors vary by race. Traditional models for HF risk prediction treat race as a covariate in risk prediction and do not account for significant parameters such as cardiac biomarkers. Machine learning (ML) may offer advantages over traditional modeling techniques to develop race-specific HF risk prediction models and to elucidate important contributors of HF development across races.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 4 large, community cohort studies (ARIC [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities], DHS [Dallas Heart Study], JHS [Jackson Heart Study], and MESA [Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis]) with adjudicated HF events. …

Covid-19 Treatment Combinations And Associations With Mortality In A Large Multi-Site Healthcare System., Dagan Coppock, Michael Baram, Anna Marie Chang, Patricia Henwood, Alan Kubey, Ross Summer, John Zurlo, Michael Li, Bryan Hess

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality associated with the disease declined in the United States. The standard of care for pharmacological interventions evolved during this period as new and repurposed treatments were used alone and in combination. Though these medications have been studied individually, data are limited regarding the relative impact of different medication combinations. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association of COVID-19-related mortality and observed medication combinations and to determine whether changes in medication-related practice patterns and measured patient characteristics, alone, explain the decline in mortality seen early in the COVID-19 …

Dietary Patterns And Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Among Us Adults, Iman Moussa, Rena S Day, Ruosha Li, Xianglin L Du, Ahmed O Kaseb, Prasun K Jalal, Carrie Daniel-Macdougall, Rikita I Hatia, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Asif Rashid, Yun Shin Chun, Donghui Li, Manal M Hassan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The objective of this study was to assess the association between dietary patterns and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among US adults in a hospital-based case-control study. We analyzed data from 641 cases and 1002 controls recruited at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center during 2001-2018. Cases were patients with a pathologically or radiologically confirmed new diagnosis of HCC; controls were cancer-free spouses of patients with cancers other than gastrointestinal, lung, liver, or head and neck cancer. Cases and controls were frequency-matched by age and sex. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and …

A Strong Effect Of Individual Compliance With Mass Drug Administration For Lymphatic Filariasis On Sustained Clearance Of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections, Jérémy T Campillo, Naomi P Awaca-Uvon, Jean-Paul Tambwe, Godefroy Kuyangisa-Simuna, Johnny Vlaminck, Gary J Weil, Michel Boussinesq, Cédric B Chesnais, Sébastien D S Pion

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The impact of semiannual mass drug administration (MDA) with albendazole (ALB; 400 mg) alone on lymphatic filariasis (LF) and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections was assessed during two trials conducted from 2012 to 2018 in the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The collected data were analyzed to evaluate the effect of compliance with ALB treatment on STH infections.

METHODS: STH infections were diagnosed with duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears and the results are reported as eggs per gram of stool. All subjects with at least two STH infection assessments were included in the analyses. We used parametric …

Mitochondrial Genome Copy Number Measured By Dna Sequencing In Human Blood Is Strongly Associated With Metabolic Traits Via Cell-Type Composition Differences, Liron Ganel, Lei Chen, Ryan Christ, Erica Young, Indraniel Das, Krishna Kanchi, David Larson, Allison Regier, Haley Abel, Chul Joo Kang, Alexandra Scott, Adam Locke, Nathan O Stitziel, Ira M Hall, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial genome copy number (MT-CN) varies among humans and across tissues and is highly heritable, but its causes and consequences are not well understood. When measured by bulk DNA sequencing in blood, MT-CN may reflect a combination of the number of mitochondria per cell and cell-type composition. Here, we studied MT-CN variation in blood-derived DNA from 19184 Finnish individuals using a combination of genome (N = 4163) and exome sequencing (N = 19034) data as well as imputed genotypes (N = 17718).

RESULTS: We identified two loci significantly associated with MT-CN variation: a common variant at the MYB-HBS1L locus …

Flecainide-Induced Atrial Flutter With 1:1 Conduction Complicated By Ventricular Fibrillation After Electrical Cardioversion, Timothy Colangelo, Drew Johnson, Reginald Ho

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Flecainide, a widely prescribed class IC agent used to treat atrial arrhythmias, can in rare cases cause 1:1 atrial flutter with rapid conduction. We describe the case of a 59-year-old man who was on a maintenance regimen of flecainide for refractory atrial fibrillation. When 1:1 atrial flutter with rapid conduction developed, emergency medical technicians attempted synchronized cardioversion, which caused ventricular fibrillation necessitating defibrillation. The patient ultimately underwent radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation to resolve his symptomatic atrial flutter. We discuss the atrial proarrhythmic effects of flecainide and how to mitigate complications in high-risk patients.

Association Between Morning Surge In Systolic Blood Pressure And Syntax Score I In Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease, Alaa Quisi, Gokhan Alici, Hazar Harbalioglu, Omer Genc, Ibrahim Halil Kurt, Murat Cayli

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

A high morning surge in systolic blood pressure poses a risk in people who have cardiovascular disease. We investigated the relationship between this phenomenon and the SYNTAX score I in patients who had stable coronary artery disease.

Our single-center study included 125 consecutive patients (109 men and 16 women; mean age, 54.3 ± 9 yr) in whom coronary angiography revealed stable coronary artery disease. We calculated each patient's sleep-trough morning surge in systolic blood pressure, then calculated the SYNTAX score I.

The morning surge was significantly higher in patients whose score was >22 (mean, 22.7 ± 13.2) than in those …

Association Of Cumulative Social Risk And Social Support With Receipt Of Chemotherapy Among Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer, Rachel E. Davis, Amber W. Trickey, Paul Abrahamse, Ikuko Kato, Kevin Ward, Arden M. Morris

Faculty Publications

Importance: Approximately 38% of patients with advanced colorectal cancer do not receive chemotherapy. Objective: To determine whether cumulative social risk (ie, multiple co-occurring sociodemographic risk factors) is associated with lower receipt of chemotherapy among patients with advanced colorectal cancer and whether social support would moderate this association. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional, population-based, mailed survey study was conducted from 2012 to 2014. Participants were recruited between 2011 and 2014 from all adults within 1 year after diagnosis of stage III colorectal cancer in the Detroit, Michigan, and State of Georgia Surveillance, Epidemiology, End-Results cancer registries. Patients were eligible if …