Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Hbv Transmission Knowledge Among Korean-American Chronic Hepatitis B Patients In The United States, Giyoung Lee, Hee-Soon Juon, Eunji Kim, Katherine C Smith, Hie-Won Hann, Mimi Chang, Ann C. Klassen

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a condition that disproportionately affects Asian Americans in the United States. Knowledge of transmission is crucial for CHB patients to practice prevention methods to limit the spread of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), but also live their lives free from unwarranted fears or restrictions. Among Asian CHB patients, several misperceptions about HBV transmission have been identified. This analysis aims to assess the current state of HBV knowledge among a cohort of Korean-American CHB patients. This mixed-methods study includes 363 respondents who completed a survey in either Korean (N = 298) or English (N = 65) …

Learning Tracheal Intubation With A Hyperangulated Videolaryngoscopy Blade: Sub-Analysis Of A Randomised Controlled Trial, Sascha Ott, Lukas M Müller-Wirtz, Sergio Bustamante, Julian Rössler, Nikolaos J Skubas, Karan Shah, Daniel I Sessler, Alparslan Turan, Kurt Ruetzler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: The number of tracheal intubation attempts required to reach proficiency in videolaryngoscopy with hyperangulated blades is unknown. Understanding this training requirement might guide training for clinicians who perform laryngoscopy. We therefore performed a planned sub-analysis of a randomised controlled trial comparing tracheal intubation success with videolaryngoscopy vs. direct laryngoscopy to determine the number of tracheal intubations with a hyperangulated videolaryngoscope blade needed to provide an acceptable first-attempt success rate.

Methods: We included clinicians from a randomised controlled trial who were familiar with direct laryngoscopy and Macintosh-blade videolaryngoscopy but inexperienced with hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy. Cumulative sum statistics were used to generate …

"When The Bills Keep On Coming:" The Experiences Of Seafood Processors During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shannon Guillot-Wright, Laura Porterfield, Brenda Wilson, Lacy Davis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Essential workers were at increased risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, including seafood processors who are often rendered invisible within the public sphere. To examine the health and safety concerns of seafood processors, many who are low income or im/migrant workers on H-2B visas, our team conducted qualitative research with 44 participants. We found that in addition to high occupational health hazards that existed before the pandemic, COVID-19 increased workers' financial risks, which put them in more dangerous health and safety positions, since they needed to work through physical and mental health illness. These financial risks can be seen through the …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Incident Type 2 Diabetes In Black And White Participants From The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Sowmya Venkataraghavan, James S Pankow, Eric Boerwinkle, Myriam Fornage, Elizabeth Selvin, Debashree Ray

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Aims/hypothesis: DNA methylation studies of incident type 2 diabetes in US populations are limited and to our knowledge none include individuals of African descent. We aimed to fill this gap by identifying methylation sites (CpG sites) and regions likely influencing the development of type 2 diabetes using data from Black and White individuals from the USA.

Methods: We prospectively followed 2091 Black and 1029 White individuals without type 2 diabetes from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study over a median follow-up period of 17 years, and performed an epigenome-wide association analysis of blood-based methylation levels with incident type 2 diabetes …

Individualized Blood Pressure Regulation And Acute Kidney Injury In Older Patients Having Major Abdominal Surgery: A Pilot Randomized Trial, Zhaohua Pang, Shuang Liang, Nannan Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhu, Qulian Guo, Daniel I Sessler, Wangyuan Zou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common postoperative complication, and hypotension may contribute. We therefore tested the primary hypothesis that individualized intraoperative blood pressure regulation reduces postoperative AKI in older surgical patients.

Methods: We enrolled patients ≥60 years old scheduled for elective major abdominal surgery with invasive arterial pressure monitoring. All had goal-directed fluid management based on stroke volume variation cardiac output, and administration of a starch. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) individualized blood pressure management targeting a systolic blood pressure (SBP) within -20% and +10% if baseline SBP was ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure was ≥80 …

A Phase I Study Of The Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, And Safety Of Liposomal Bupivacaine For Sciatic Nerve Block In The Popliteal Fossa For Bunionectomy, Daniel I Sessler, Xiaodong Bao, David Leiman, Jia Song, Jason Chittenden, Alexander Voelkner, Alparslan Turan, Jeffrey Gadsden

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This trial assessed the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of liposomal bupivacaine given via ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block with or without immediate-release bupivacaine hydrochloride in adults having bunionectomies. Forty-five adults were enrolled into four sequential cohorts: (1) liposomal bupivacaine 266 mg with bupivacaine hydrochloride 50 mg; (2) liposomal bupivacaine 133 mg with bupivacaine hydrochloride 50 mg; (3) liposomal bupivacaine 266 mg; or (4) bupivacaine hydrochloride 100 mg. Outcomes included pharmacokinetics (e.g., bupivacaine maximum plasma concentration [C

Apoe And Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Dementias Risk Among 12,221 Hispanics/Latinos, Sandra Barral, Zikun Yang, Nicole Phillips, Robert C Barber, Adam M Brickman, Lawrence S Honig, Basilio Cieza, Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer, Richard Mayeux, Farid Rajabli, Michael L Cuccaro, Jeffery M Vance, Silvia Mejia Arango, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Alejandra Michaels Obregon, Rosa Montesinos, Marcio Soto-Añari, Juan Carlos Duran, Maria Cusicanqui, Ivonne Z Jimenez Velazquez, Victoria Marca, Maryenela Illanes-Manrique, Mario Cornejo-Olivas, Margaret Pericak-Vance, Rebeca Wong, Sid O'Bryant, Nilton Custodio, Giuseppe Tosto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) risk is heterogeneous across populations, with scarce data on Hispanics/Latinos.

Methods: APOE genotype was studied in 12,221 Hispanics/Latinos (per cohort and via metanalysis): Caribbean-Hispanics, Mexicans, Mexican-Americans, and Peruvians/Bolivians. A subsample had longitudinal assessment and plasma p-tau. We tested the modifying effects of global and local ancestries. Results were replicated in an independent Peruvian cohort and brain samples.

Results: APOE ε4 effect was strongest in Peruvians/Bolivians (odds ratio [OR] = 6.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.71-13.83), followed by Mexicans (OR = 4.31, 95% CI = 1.58-11.74), Mexican-Americans …

Development And Evaluation Of An Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection Of Oral Cancer Imaging System To Aid In Risk-Based Management Of Oral Mucosal Lesions, Ruchika Mitbander, David Brenes, Jackson B Coole, Alex Kortum, Imran S Vohra, Jennifer Carns, Richard A Schwarz, Ida Varghese, Safia Durab, Sean Anderson, Nancy E Bass, Ashlee D Clayton, Hawraa Badaoui, Loganayaki Anandasivam, Rachel A Giese, Ann M Gillenwater, Nadarajah Vigneswaran, Rebecca Richards-Kortum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders, which are associated with an increased risk of oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation. This study reports the development and evaluation of the mobile detection of oral cancer (mDOC) imaging system and an automated algorithm that generates a referral recommendation from mDOC images. mDOC …

Frozen Section Mohs: A Hybrid Technique And One Plastic Surgeon's Experience With 1714 Consecutive Skin Cancer Removals, Michael L. Chang, Steven L. Chang, Fady Gerges, Matthew M. Delancy, Amanda C. Yang, Lawrence D. Chang

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

While US nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) mortality rate has decreased in the past decade, its incidence is rising. Traditional surgical treatments include wide local excision, intraoperative frozen section analysis (IFSA), and Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). IFSA and MMS are techniques that provide intraoperative analysis allowing the surgeon to confirm margins clear of malignancy and minimize tissue damage, especially in cosmetically sensitive subunits. MMS, with cure rates up to 99%-100%, is considered the gold standard but is limited geographically and financially because of specialized training. We report a hybrid surgical technique that effectively excises cutaneous malignancy but can be utilized by …

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expression In Merkel Cell Carcinoma Is Associated With Clinical And Histopathologic Parameters, Christopher R Cunningham, Yiannis P Dimopoulos, Ian M García-Quiñones, Denái R Milton, Manuel Delgado-Vélez, Woo Cheal Cho, Victor G Prieto, José A Lasalde-Dominicci, Leomar Y Ballester, Phyu P Aung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in MCC development and multiple cell-of-origin candidates have been proposed, including neural crest cells, which express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in MCC has not been explored. In this study, we investigated if MCC expresses nAChRs and if nAChR expression correlates with patient characteristics.

Methods: The study included 71 MCC cases diagnosed with sufficient tissue available to perform immunohistochemical analysis. The median follow-up was 29.8 months (range, 2.7-234.1). We performed immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the …

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expression In Merkel Cell Carcinoma Is Associated With Clinical And Histopathologic Parameters, Christopher R Cunningham, Yiannis P Dimopoulos, Ian M García-Quiñones, Denái R Milton, Manuel Delgado-Vélez, Woo Cheal Cho, Victor G Prieto, José A Lasalde-Dominicci, Leomar Y Ballester, Phyu P Aung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in MCC development and multiple cell-of-origin candidates have been proposed, including neural crest cells, which express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in MCC has not been explored. In this study, we investigated if MCC expresses nAChRs and if nAChR expression correlates with patient characteristics.

Methods: The study included 71 MCC cases diagnosed with sufficient tissue available to perform immunohistochemical analysis. The median follow-up was 29.8 months (range, 2.7-234.1). We performed immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the …

Moderate Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Real-World Multicenter Study, Francisco Idalsoaga, Luis Antonio Díaz, Winston Dunn, Heer Mehta, Karen Muñoz, Vicente Caldentey, Jorge Arnold, Gustavo Ayares, Rokhsana Mortuza, Shiv K Sarin, Rakhi Maiwall, Wei Zhang, Steve Qian, Douglas Simonetto, Ashwani K Singal, Mohamed A Elfeki, Carolina Ramirez-Cadiz, Gurpreet Malhi, Adan Ahmed, Hoomam Homsi, Zinia Abid, Joaquín Cabezas, Victor Echavarría, Maria Poca, German Soriano, Berta Cuyas, Meritxell Ventura Cots, María Fátima Higuera-De La Tijera, Maria Ayala-Valverde, Diego Perez, Jaime Gomez, Juan G Abraldes, Mustafa Al-Karaghouli, Prasun K Jalal, Mohamad Ali Ibrahim, Guadalupe García-Tsao, Daniela Goyes, Lubomir Skladaný, Daniel J Havaj, Karolina Sulejova, Svetlana Adamcova Selcanova, Diego Rincón, Kristina R Chacko, Juan C Restrepo, Pamela Yaquich, Luis G Toro, Vijay Shah, Marco Arrese, Patrick S Kamath, Ramon Bataller, Juan Pablo Arab

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (sAH) is a well-characterized disease with high short-term mortality. However, there is limited research on those with a "less severe condition" (moderate AH). This study aims to characterize in-depth patients with moderate AH (mAH), including the performance of mortality scoring systems, key prognostic factors, and survival over time.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study (2009-2019) included patients with mAH (MELD score ≤20 at admission). Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic curves with AUC were used for analysis.

Results: We included 1845 patients with AH (20 centers, 8 countries) between 2009 and 2019. mAH was defined as …

International Multispecialty Expert Physician Preoperative Identification Of Extranodal Extension In Patients With Oropharyngeal Cancer Using Computed Tomography: Prospective Blinded Human Inter-Observer Performance Evaluation, Onur Sahin, Serageldin Kamel, Kareem A Wahid, Cem Dede, Nicolette Taku, Renjie He, Mohamed A Naser, Christina S Sharafi, Antti Mäkitie, Benjamin H Kann, Kimmo Kaski, Jaakko Sahlsten, Joel Jaskari, Moran Amit, Gregory M Chronowski, Eduardo M Diaz, Adam S Garden, Ryan P Goepfert, Jeffrey P Guenette, G Brandon Gunn, Jussi Hirvonen, Frank Hoebers, Katherine A Hutcheson, Nandita Guha-Thakurta, Jason Johnson, Diana Kaya, Shekhar D Khanpara, Kristofer Nyman, Stephen Y Lai, Miriam Lango, Kim O Learned, Anna Lee, Carol M Lewis, Anastasios Maniakas, Amy C Moreno, Jeffrey N Myers, Jack Phan, Kristen B Pytynia, David I Rosenthal, Vlad C Sandulache, Dawid Schellingerhout, Shalin J Shah, Andrew G Sikora, Abdallah S R Mohamed, Melissa M Chen, Clifton D Fuller, Multidisciplinary Oropharyngeal Cancer Extra‐Nodal Extension (Opc Ene) Assessment Working Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pathologic extranodal extension (pENE) is a crucial prognostic factor in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), but determining pENE from imaging has high inter-observer variability. The role of clinician specialty in the accuracy of imaging-detected extranodal extension (iENE) remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of clinician specialty on the accuracy of preoperative iENE detection in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive OPC using computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated pretherapy CT images from 24 HPV-positive OPC patients (30 scans, including duplicates). Thirty-four expert observers (11 radiologists, 12 surgeons, 11 radiation oncologists) assessed iENE and reported …

Safety Outcomes Of Antiplatelet Therapy During Endovascular Treatment Of Tandem Lesions In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients, Mudassir Farooqui, Afshin A Divani, Milagros Galecio-Castillo, Ameer E Hassan, Mouhammad A Jumaa, Marc Ribo, Michael Abraham, Nils Petersen, Johanna Fifi, Waldo R Guerrero, Amer M Malik, James E Siegler, Thanh N Nguyen, Sunil A Sheth, Albert J Yoo, Guillermo Linares, Nazli Janjua, Darko Quispe-Orozco, Asad Ikram, Wondewossen G Tekle, Syed F Zaidi, Cynthia B Zevallos, Federica Rizzo, Tiffany Barkley, Reade De Leacy, Jane Khalife, Mohamad Abdalkader, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Jazba Soomro, Weston Gordon, Aaron Rodriguez-Calienes, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Charoskhon Turabova, Maxim Mokin, Dileep R Yavagal, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Risk of hemorrhage remains with antiplatelet medications required with carotid stenting during endovascular therapy (EVT) for tandem lesion (TLs). We evaluated the safety of antiplatelet regimens in EVT of TLs. This multicenter study included anterior circulation TL patients from 2015 to 2020, stratified by periprocedural EVT antiplatelet strategy: (1) no antiplatelets, (2) single oral, (3) dual oral, and (4) intravenous IV (in combination with single or dual oral). Primary outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Secondary outcomes were any hemorrhage, favorable functional status (mRS 0-2) at 90 days, successful reperfusion (mTICI score ≥ 2b), in-stent thrombosis, and mortality at 90 …

Importance Of Postreduction Ct Scans In Posterior And Transverse Posterior Wall Acetabular Fracture-Dislocations, Samantha R Gardner, Douglas R Haase, Nikhil Gattu, Stephen J Warner, Milton L Chip Routt, Patrick Kellam, Jonathan G Eastman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To report the frequency of patients with pre-reduction and postreduction computed tomography (CT) scans associated with acetabular fracture-dislocations and the change in position of associated intra-articular fragments occurring with joint reduction.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Regional Level 1 trauma center.

Patient selection criteria: Patients who sustained Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopedic Trauma Association 62A1 and 62B1 posterior wall or transverse posterior wall acetabular fracture-dislocations with pre-reduction and postreduction CT imaging from February 2020 to July 2023.

Outcome measures and comparisons: Intra-articular fragments were identified, and change in position (fossa to cranial, intra-articular to extra-articular, etc.) was noted from pre-reduction to …

Effects Of Smoking Behavior On Lung Metastasis In The All Of Us Research Program, Vikram R Shaw, Jinyoung Byun, Younghun Han, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Smoking may be associated with an increased risk of lung metastasis in cancers of non-lung origin. We leverage survey and electronic health record data from the diverse All of Us Research Program (AoURP) database to investigate whether smoking and smoking-related behaviors increase the risk of lung metastasis in non-lung primary cancers. The results suggest that cigarette use, measured by four continuous variables, does not increase the risk of lung metastasis in seven common cancer types but demonstrates a small significant effect in a cohort including all types of cancer in the database in both univariable and multivariable analyses. An increased …

Current Burden Of Steatotic Liver Disease And Fibrosis Among Adults In The United States, 2017-2023, Donghee Kim, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Karn Wijarnpreecha, George Cholankeril, Rohit Loomba, Aijaz Ahmed

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/aims: Multi-society experts proposed the adoption of new terminology, metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and steatotic liver disease (SLD). We studied the current prevalence of SLD and its subcategories in the US.

Methods: Using the recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017 to 2023, we analyzed data from 12,199 participants (≥18 years) who completed transient elastography. SLD and its subcategories, including MASLD, metabolic and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), were categorized according to consensus nomenclature.

Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of SLD (cut-off: 285 dB/m) was 35.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 33.4-36.7). Within this …

The Impact Of Atlas Parcellation On Functional Connectivity Analysis Across Six Psychiatric Disorders, Xiaoya Wu, Chuang Liang, Juan Bustillo, Peter Kochunov, Xuyun Wen, Jing Sui, Rongtao Jiang, Xiao Yang, Zening Fu, Daoqiang Zhang, Vince D Calhoun, Shile Qi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuropsychiatric disorders are associated with altered functional connectivity (FC); however, the reported regional patterns of functional alterations suffered from low replicability and high variability. This is partly because of differences in the atlas and delineation techniques used to measure FC-related deficits within/across disorders. We systematically investigated the impact of the brain parcellation approach on the FC-based brain network analysis. We focused on identifying the replicable FCs using three structural brain atlases, including Automated Anatomical Labeling (AAL), Brainnetome atlas (BNA) and HCP_MMP_1.0, and four functional brain parcellation approaches: Yeo-Networks (Yeo), Gordon parcel (Gordon) and two Schaefer parcelletions, among correlation, group difference, …

Vitamin D-Related Genetic Variants And Prostate Cancer Risk In Black Men, Tracy M Layne, Joseph H Rothstein, Xiaoyu Song, Shaneda Warren Andersen, Emma K T Benn, Weiva Sieh, Robert J Klein

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer has primarily been characterized among White men. Black men, however, have higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates, chronically low circulating vitamin D levels, and ancestry-specific genetic variants in vitamin D-related genes. Here, we examine critical genes in the vitamin D pathway and prostate cancer risk in Black men.

Methods: We assessed a total of 73 candidate variants in genes (namely GC, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, VDR, and RXRA) including functional variants previously associated with prostate cancer and circulating 25(OHD) in White men. Associations with prostate cancer risk were examined using genome-wide …

The Effect Of Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Factors On Limbic White Matter Microstructure, Anna Lorenz, Aditi Sathe, Dimitrios Zaras, Yisu Yang, Alaina Durant, Michael E Kim, Chenyu Gao, Nancy R Newlin, Karthik Ramadass, Praitayini Kanakaraj, Nazirah Mohd Khairi, Zhiyuan Li, Tianyuan Yao, Yuankai Huo, Logan Dumitrescu, Niranjana Shashikumar, Kimberly R Pechman, Trevor Bryan Jackson, Abigail W Workmeister, Shannon L Risacher, Lori L Beason-Held, Yang An, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Mohamad Habes, Di Wang, Duygu Tosun, Arthur W Toga, Paul M Thompson, Elizabeth C Mormino, Panpan Zhang, Kurt Schilling, Marilyn Albert, Walter Kukull, Sarah A Biber, Bennett A Landman, Sterling C Johnson, Barbara Bendlin, Julie Schneider, Lisa L Barnes, David A Bennett, Angela L Jefferson, Susan M Resnick, Andrew J Saykin, Timothy J Hohman, Derek B Archer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: White matter (WM) microstructure is essential for brain function but deteriorates with age and in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Diffusion MRI, enhanced by advanced bi-tensor models accounting for free water (FW), enables in vivo quantification of WM microstructural differences.

Methods: To evaluate how AD genetic risk factors affect limbic WM microstructure - crucial for memory and early impacted in disease - we conducted linear regression analyses in a cohort of 2,614 non-Hispanic White aging adults (aged 50.12 to 100.85 years). The study evaluated 36 AD risk variants across 26 genes, the association between AD polygenic scores …

Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Fusion-Mediated Resistance To Egfr Tki In Egfr-Mutant Nsclc: A Multi-Center Analysis And Literature Review, Yang Xia, Kaiwen Wang, Jing Zhao, Zhaohui Arter, Yongchang Zhang, Jiaqi Zhou, Yuefei Lu, Liang Zeng, Robyn Du, Jennifer A Owens, Yasir Y Elamin, Carl M Gay, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Anne S Tsao, Charles Lu, Tina Cascone, Don L Gibbons, Jianjun Zhang, Olivia Chen, Kevin K S Mok, Misako Nagasaka, Wen Li, John V Heymach, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Molly Li, Xiuning Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Drug resistance remains a major clinical challenge in EGFR-mutant NSCLC tumors owing to pathway reactivation, pathway bypass, and pathway indifference resistance mechanisms to evade tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) suppression. Fusion of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as RET, ALK, and FGFR3, has been reported to mediate EGFR TKI resistance. Given the rarity of these fusions and the heterogeneous nature of the condition, no prospective clinical trials evaluated the incidence, safety, and therapeutic benefit of dual EGFR-RTK inhibition.

Methods: We queried clinical databases from multiple institutions to identify patients who had RTK fusions detected on next-generation sequencing testing results from …

Selected Social And Lifestyle Correlates Of Brain Health Markers: The Cross-Cohort Collaboration Consortium, Leslie Grasset, Joshua C Bis, Stefan Frenzel, Daniel Kojis, Jeannette Simino, Amber Yaqub, Alexa Beiser, Claudine Berr, Jan Bressler, Robin Bülow, Charles S Decarli, Alison E Fohner, Laura B Harrington, Catherine Helmer, M Arfan Ikram, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Oscar L Lopez, W T Longstreth, Julia Neitzel, Michelle C Odden, Priya Palta, Carsten O Schmidt, Rajesh Talluri, Meike W Vernooij, Henry Völzke, Trudy Voortman, Quest Whalen, Katharina Wittfeld, Hans J Grabe, Thomas H Mosley, Bruce M Psaty, Frank J Wolters, Sudha Seshadri, Carole Dufouil

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: To investigate the associations of education level, marital status, and physical activity with dementia risk and brain MRI markers.

Methods: Data from six community-based samples from the Cross-Cohort Collaboration Consortium were analyzed. Self-reported education level, marital status, and physical activity at age 60 to 75 years were harmonized. Subsamples of participants with brain MRI markers at time of exposure were selected. Associations with dementia risk and cross-sectional MRI markers were meta-analyzed.

Results: Higher education level was associated with lower dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.59; 0.72 vs low level) but not significantly …

Efficacy And Safety Of Denileukin Diftitox-Cxdl, An Improved Purity Formulation Of Denileukin Diftitox, In Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Francine M Foss, Youn H Kim, H Miles Prince, Oleg E Akilov, Christiane Querfeld, Lucia Seminario-Vidal, David C Fisher, Timothy M Kuzel, Costas K Yannakou, Larisa J Geskin, Tatyana Feldman, Lubomir Sokol, Pamela Blair Allen, Nam Hoang Dang, Fernando Cabanillas, Henry K Wong, Chean Eng Ooi, Dongyuan Xing, Nicholas Sauter, Preeti Singh, Myron Czuczman, Madeleine Duvic

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Denileukin diftitox (DD)-cxdl is a fusion protein comprising diphtheria toxin fragments A and B and human interleukin-2. This phase III, multicenter, open-label, single-arm registrational trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of DD-cxdl in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).

Patients and methods: In the main study, which followed a dose-finding lead-in, DD-cxdl was administered intravenously daily (5 days; 9 µg/kg/d once daily) every 21 days for up to eight cycles. Patients in the primary efficacy analysis set (PEAS) were required to have stage IA-IIIB CTCL (mycosis fungoides and/or Sézary syndrome) and at least ≥one previous systemic therapy. …

Evaluation Of A Comprehensive Set Of Normal Tissue Complication Probability Models For Patients With Head And Neck Cancer In An International Cohort, Suzanne P M De Vette, Maria I Van Rijn-Dekker, Lisa Van Den Bosch, Kylie Keijzer, Hendrike Neh, Hung Chu, Yan Li, Mark L Frederiks, Hans Paul Van Der Laan, Jolien Heukelom, Peter Van Luijk, Arjen Van Der Schaaf, Roel J H M Steenbakkers, Nanna M Sijtsema, Katherine A Hutcheson, Clifton D Fuller, Johannes A Langendijk, Amy C Moreno, Lisanne V Van Dijk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/purpose: Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models can be used to guide radiation therapy (RT) decisions by estimating side-effect risks pretreatment to minimize (late) side-effects. Recently, a comprehensive individual toxicity risk (CITOR) profile of NTCP models addressing common side-effects in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients was developed. This study investigates the generalizability of these models in an international setting, with different treatment approaches and side-effect assessments, promoting their integration into more widespread clinical practice.

Materials/methods: From a prospective registry study, 407 HNC patients were included who were treated with definitive RT with or without systemic therapy between 2015 and …

Cytokine Storms In Covid-19, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, And Car-T Therapy, James P Long, Rishab Prakash, Paul Edelkamp, Mark Knafl, Anath C Lionel, Ranjit Nair, Sairah Ahmed, Paolo Strati, Luis E Malpica Castillo, Ajlan Al-Zaki, Kelly Chien, Dai Chihara, Jason Westin, Fareed Khawaja, Loretta J Nastoupil, Victor Mulanovich, Andrew Futreal, Scott E Woodman, Naval G Daver, Christopher R Flowers, Sattva Neelapu, Joanna-Grace Manzano, Swaminathan P Iyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Cytokine storm (CS) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome causing multiorgan dysfunction and high mortality, especially in patients with malignant hematologic neoplasms. Triggers include malignant neoplasm-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (MN-HLH), cytokine release syndrome from chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T CRS), and COVID-19, but the underlying mechanisms of inflammation and their impact on outcomes are poorly understood.

Objective: To delineate the inflammatory patterns characterizing different CS etiologies and their association with clinical outcomes.

Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, between March 1, 2020, and November 20, 2022, using the …

Real-World Effectiveness Of Chemoimmunotherapy And Novel Therapies For Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Aggressive Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Loretta J Nastoupil, Clark R Andersen, Amy Ayers, Yucai Wang, Thomas M Habermann, Dai Chihara, Brad S Kahl, Brian K Link, Jean L Koff, Jonathon B Cohen, Peter Martin, Izidore S Lossos, Michele Stanchina, Sara Haddadi, Carla Casulo, Sabarish Ayyappan, Ruitao Lin, Ziyi Li, Melissa A Larson, Matthew J Maurer, Lynn Huynh, Chi Gao, Ramya Ramasubramanian, Mei Sheng Duh, Alex Mutebi, Tongsheng Wang, Monika Jun, Anthony Wang, Rajesh Kamalakar, Anupama Kalsekar, James R Cerhan, Christopher R Flowers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Clinical trials provide meaningful data regarding the safety and efficacy of novel therapies but there is often a lag between the time of new drug approval and information on posttreatment clinical outcomes in real-world practice. This study evaluated clinical outcomes in a large real-world population of patients with relapsed and/or refractory large B-cell lymphoma (r/r LBCL) treated with chemoimmunotherapy or novel therapies in second or later lines of therapy (2L+).

Materials and methods: Data from the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) Consortium of Real-World Evidence (CReWE) cohort (1/1/2015-2/15/2023) were analyzed. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were described and response …

Manual Therapy For Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia In Head And Neck Cancer Survivors: The Mantle Nonrandomized Clinical Trial, Holly Mcmillan, Carla L Warneke, Sheila Buoy, Christine Porsche, Kiara Savage, Stephen Y Lai, Clifton D Fuller, Katherine A Hutcheson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Late radiation-associated dysphagia (RAD) after head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment is challenging and commonly treatment refractory, with fibrosis stiffening connective tissues and compressing peripheral nerve tracts, contributing to diminished strength and possibly denervation of swallowing muscles. Manual therapy (MT), while common for cancer-related pain and other indications, remains largely unstudied for fibrosis-related late RAD.

Objective: To determine the feasibility and safety of MT, estimate effect size and durability of MT for associated improvements in cervical range of motion (CROM), and examine functional outcomes after MT in survivors of HNC with fibrosis-related late RAD.

Design, setting, and participants: This …

Long Term Results Of Venetoclax Combined With Flag-Ida Induction And Consolidation For Newly Diagnosed And Relapsed Or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Courtney D Dinardo, Wei-Ying Jen, Koichi Takahashi, Tapan M Kadia, Sanam Loghavi, Naval G Daver, Lianchun Xiao, Patrick K Reville, Ghayas C Issa, Nicholas J Short, Koji Sasaki, Sa A Wang, Jillian K Mullin, Sherry Pierce, Corey Bradley, Gautam Borthakur, Abhishek Maiti, Yesid Alvarado, Naveen Pemmaraju, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Mahesh Swaminathan, Maro Ohanian, Hussein A Abbas, Danielle Hammond, Jan Burger, Fadi Haddad, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Kelly Chien, Lucia Masarova, Musa Yilmaz, Nitin Jain, Michael Andreeff, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Steven Kornblau, Farhad Ravandi, Elias Jabbour, Marina Y Konopleva, Hagop M Kantarjian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intensive chemotherapy remains the standard for newly diagnosed (ND) acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, relapse risk remains high. Additionally, most patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) AML have poor outcomes. We report the long-term experience of 138 patients, 77 ND and 61 RR, treated with FLAG-IDA in combination with venetoclax. In the ND cohort, the overall response rate (ORR) was 97%, with a composite complete remission (CRc) rate of 95% and undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) status by flow cytometry in 90%. The 3-year OS and EFS rates were 66 and 64%, respectively. Outcomes were similar across European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2022 risk …

Evaluating The Human Abuse Potential Of Concurrent Use Of Electronic Cigarettes And Low Nicotine Cigarettes Among Adults Who Smoke, Jason D Robinson, Yong Cui, George Kypriotakis, Jeffrey M Engelmann, Maher Karam-Hage, Jennifer A Minnix, Charles E Green, Sanjay Shete, Dorothy K Hatsukami, Eric C Donny, Sharon E Murphy, Stephen S Hecht, Thomas Eissenberg, David W Wetter, Paul M Cinciripini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has stated its intention to reduce the nicotine content of combustible cigarettes to render them less addictive. This study evaluated the impact of providing adults who smoke with both very low nicotine content cigarettes (VLNCCs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs) of varying nicotine content on measures of human abuse potential. Participants (

Diet And Survival After A Diagnosis Of Ovarian Cancer: A Pooled Analysis From The Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Christina M Nagle, Torukiri I Ibiebele, Renhua Na, Elisa V Bandera, Daniel Cramer, Jennifer A Doherty, Graham G Giles, Marc T Goodman, Gillian E Hanley, Holly R Harris, Allan Jensen, Susanne K Kjaer, Alice Lee, Valerie Mcguire, Roger L Milne, Bo Qin, Jean Richardson, Naoko Sasamoto, Joellen M Schildkraut, Weiva Sieh, Kathryn L Terry, Linda Titus, Britton Trabert, Nicolas Wentzensen, Anna H Wu, Andrew Berchuck, Malcolm C Pike, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Penelope M Webb, Multidisciplinary Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Group And Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Prognosis after a diagnosis of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer is poor. Some studies have suggested modifiable behaviors, like diet, are associated with survival but the evidence is inconsistent.

Objectives: This study aims to pool data from studies conducted around the world to evaluate the relationships among dietary indices, foods, and nutrients from food sources and survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Methods: This analysis from the Multidisciplinary Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Group within the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium included 13 studies with 7700 individuals with ovarian cancer, who completed food-frequency questionnaires regarding their prediagnosis diet. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) …