Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Retrospective Analysis Of Post-Stroke Rehabilitation With Real World Use Of Brain-Computer Interface, Neha K Prasad, Nikhita J Perry, Allison L Goldring, Lee A Fleisher, Leo Petrossian, Eric C Leuthardt, Lauren Souders, Seth J Wilk

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The IpsiHand™ System is an FDA-authorized, non-invasive therapy for chronic stroke-induced upper limb motor impairment that uses a brain-computer interface (BCI) to translate intent-to-move signals into hand movement. This retrospective study evaluated real-world outcomes in stroke survivors ≥ 6 months post-stroke who were prescribed IpsiHand™ and completed regular Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer (UEFM) assessments as part of routine care. Patients were categorized as early responders (achieving the minimal clinically important difference [MCID] of 5.25 points in UEFM score by 6 weeks), intermediate responders (achieving MCID by 12 weeks but not at 6), or early non-responders (not reaching MCID by 12 weeks). …

Extra-Axial Cerebrospinal Fluid Volumes From 6 To 24 Months Of Age Are Associated With Poorer Executive Function At School-Age In Children With And Without Autism, Yichi Zhang, Robert C Mckinstry, Natasha Marrus, John R Pruett Jr., Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Abnormally increased extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid (EA-CSF) volume is present as early as 6 months in infants later diagnosed with autism and is associated with symptom severity at the age of diagnosis, but it is unknown whether early EA-CSF enlargement has long-term impacts on other clinical domains. Executive function (EF) deficits are frequently observed in children with autism and are linked with worse academic outcomes, higher anxiety, and lower adaptive functioning. The current study examines the association between EA-CSF volume at infancy and EF at school age in a longitudinally phenotyped cohort of children with either high (HL) or low …

Whole Genome Sequence Analysis Of Pulmonary Function And Copd In 44,287 Multi-Ancestry Participants, Wonji Kim, Lucinda Antonacci-Fulton, Susan K Dutcher, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Whole genome sequence (WGS) data in multi-ancestry samples supports discovery of low-frequency or population-specific genetic variants associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung function.

RESULTS: We performed single variant, structural variant, and gene-based analysis of pulmonary function (FEV

CONCLUSIONS: Large-scale multi-ancestry WGS analysis improves variant discovery and fine-mapping resolution for lung function and COPD and highlights biologically relevant genes and pathways.

Africa's Digital Health Revolution: The Digital Fit-Viability Model To Move From Innovation To Scaled Implementation, Afra Jiwa, Antony Ngatia, Karim Benali, Niclas Boehmer, Sangu Delle, Patrick Emedom-Nnamdi, Chris Opoku Fofie, Christine M O'Brien, Tobi Olatunji, Kate Obayabgona, Milind Tambe, Richard Ribon Fletcher, Adeline Adwoa Boatin, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Digital innovations hold immense potential to transform health care delivery, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where financial, geographical, and infrastructural constraints continue to hinder progress toward universal health care delivery. Although a growing health tech sector offers creative solutions, few digital health interventions reach scaled implementation. In this paper, we present the digital fit/viability model-an adapted determinant framework to describe facilitators and barriers to moving from digital tools to integrated digital health implementation. We then use this model to describe the specific challenges and recommended solutions when developing digital health tools for health systems in sub-Saharan Africa.

Mapping The Transcriptional Regulatory Network Of A Fungal Pathogen By Exploiting Transcription Factor Perturbation, Dhoha Abid, Holly Brown, Chase Mateusiak, Tamara L Doering, Michael R Brent

2020-Current year OA Pubs

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Non-Negative Matrix Factorization And Deconvolution As A Dual Simplex Problem, Denis Kleverov, Ekaterina Aladyeva, Alexey Serdyukov, Maxim N Artyomov

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Non-negative matrix factorization is a powerful linear algebra tool used in multiple areas of data analysis, including computational biology. Despite numerous optimization methods devised for non-negative matrix factorization, our understanding of the inherent topological structure within factorizable matrices remains limited.

RESULTS: This study reveals the topological properties of linear mixture data, leading to a remarkable reduction of the non-negative matrix factorization optimization problem to a search for K(K-1) variables, where K represents the number of pure components, regardless of the initial matrix size. This is achieved by revealing complementary simplex structures existing in both feature and sample spaces and …

A Chemogenetic Approach For Temporal And Cell-Specific Activation Of Endogenous Gpcrs In Vivo, Gwendolyn Shingles, Qianqian Pang, Jian Weng, Ryan Singer, Waleed Babar, Jiaqi Shen, Luis Vazquez-Rivera, Yao Chen, Peng Li, Wenjing Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cell-specific regulation of endogenous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is crucial for understanding their roles in physiological processes. We present chemogenetic tools using shield-1-dependent irreversible protein switches to regulate peptide agonist activity. To demonstrate this platform, we engineered chemogenetically regulated pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (cPACAP), which exhibited >15-fold chemical-dependent regulation of endogenous receptor activity. In vivo application of cPACAP allowed neuronal activation via the endogenous receptor for PACAP, engaging neural circuits that control respiratory and feeding behaviors. By integrating cPACAP with transgenic mice, we selectively activated endogenous PACAP receptor signaling in hypocretin-expressing neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), revealing …

Differential Virulence And Immune Recognition Of Klebsiella Pneumoniae O-Antigen Subtypes O2Α And O2Β, Paeton L Wantuch, Lloyd S Robinson, Cory J Knoot, Christian M Harding, David A Rosen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

New Comorbidity Index Associated With Survival After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy For Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Uri Greenbaum, Amanda Cashen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Matched Unrelated Vs Haploidentical Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide, Dipenkumar Modi, Ramzi Abboud, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis is now standard for matched unrelated donor (MUD) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Previous studies comparing MUD and haploidentical donor HCT using PTCy were limited in size and follow-up. We therefore performed a registry-based analysis examining the impact of donor type on HCT with PTCy. Adult patients (n = 5873) receiving MUD (n = 1973) or haploidentical (n = 3900) HCT with PTCy for acute leukemia (74.2%) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS; 25.8%) reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research between 2017 and 2021 were included. Primary end points were 3-year …

Induction Of Moderate Dna Damage Enhances Megakaryopoiesis And Platelet Production, Virginia Camacho, Luis Francisco Zirnberger Batista, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Megakaryocytes (MKs) are large, hematopoietic cells with a polyploid, multilobulated nucleus. Although DNA replication in MKs (endomitosis) is well studied, limited investigations have examined the impact of DNA instability on megakaryopoiesis. Poly-adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are chemotherapeutics that result in accumulation of DNA damage and are commonly associated with thrombocytopenia, presumably mediated through platelet progenitors, MKs. To explore PARP inhibitor-induced thrombocytopenia, we treated mice with the PARP inhibitor niraparib. Although high-dose niraparib treatment led to thrombocytopenia, consistent with clinical observations, lower-dose treatment led to a significant increase in bone marrow MKs, MK progenitors (MkPs), and circulating platelets. …

Neighborhood-Level Deprivation Measures In The United States: A Scoping Review And Reference Guide For Investigators, Jaesung Choi, Madeline R Horan, Mary G Nusloch, Yikyung Park, Gregory T Armstrong, Melissa M Hudson, Kirsten K Ness, I-Chan Huang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The extent to which existing measures cover the spectrum of neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDOH) has not yet been assessed. This review compared the content of U.S.-based neighborhood-level SDOH measures and summarized the use of these measures in empirical research. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed and Google Scholar, identifying review articles published from 1990–2023, and complemented this search by manually examining the original articles on measure development. We identified 85 measures and categorized them into two groups (42 with a specific name and 43 with no name) and used a framework including 14 domains of …

Excess Risk Of Fracture In Incident Parkinson's Disease Medicare Beneficiaries, Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Irene M Faust, Brittany Krzyzanowski, Jordan A Killion, Kassu M Beyene, Edward F Ellerbeck, Jacob J Sosnoff, Brad A Racette

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Falls and fractures are common in advanced PD but the risk of fractures in newly diagnosed people with PD and the impact of treatment with levodopa is understudied.

METHODS: We investigated the risk of fractures among Medicare beneficiaries with incident PD age ≥ 67 compared to controls. Among PD cases only with continuous Part D medication coverage, we examined the effect of levodopa treatment on fracture risk. We identified incident PD cases (N = 68,150) within a population-based sample of 2017 Medicare …

The Computationally Designed Tri2-2 Miniprotein Inhibitor Protects Against Multiple Sars-Cov-2 Omicron Variants, Jimin Lee, James Brett Case, Young-Jun Park, Rashmi Ravichandran, Daniel Asarnow, M Alejandra Tortorici, Jack T Brown, Shilpa Sanapala, Lauren Carter, David Baker, Michael S Diamond, David Veesler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The continued evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has compromised neutralizing antibody responses elicited by prior infection or vaccination and abolished the utility of most monoclonal antibody therapeutics. We previously described a computationally-designed, homotrimeric miniprotein inhibitor, designated TRI2-2, that protects mice against pre-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we show that TRI2-2 exhibits broadly neutralizing activity of SARS-CoV-2 variants and protects mice against BQ.1.1, XBB.1.5 and BA.2.86 challenge when administered intranasally post-exposure. The resistance of TRI2-2 to viral escape by most variants and the ability to deliver it directly to the upper airways highlight the potential of the multivalent …

Daily Locomotor Activity Declines With Tumor Growth And Disease Progression In Glioblastoma, Maria F Gonzalez-Aponte, Sofia V Salvatore, Anna R. Damato, Ruth Gn Katumba, Grayson R. Talcott, Omar H. Butt, Jian L. Campian, Jingqin Luo, Joshua B. Rubin, Olivia J. Walch, Erik D. Herzog

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that often progresses despite resection and treatment. Timely and continuous assessment of GBM progression is critical to expedite secondary surgery or enrollment in clinical trials. However, current progression detection requires costly and specialized MRI examinations, which, in the absence of new symptoms or signs, are usually scheduled every 2-3 months. Here, we hypothesized that changes in daily activity are associated with GBM growth and disease progression. We found that wheel-running activity in GBM-bearing mice declined as tumors grew and preceded weight loss and circadian breakdown by over a week. Temozolomide treatment in the …

Costs And Cost-Effectiveness Of A Culturally Adapted Diabetes Self-Management And Education Program For Marshallese Adults, Tzeyu L Michaud, Daniel Lamprecht-Carson, Su-Hsin Chang, Clare C Brown, Jennifer A Andersen, James P Selig, Philmar Mendoza Kabua, Pearl Mcelfish

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Culturally adapted diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs are effective in improving glycemic control and diabetes outcomes among minority populations, but data on program costs and cost-effectiveness are limited. This study aimed to assess the cost and cost-effectiveness of a culturally adapted DSME (adapted DSME) compared to a standard DSME model among Marshallese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

METHODS: Retrospective cost and cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) were conducted using data from the community-based trial, conducted between May 2015 and May 2018. We applied an activity-based costing approach to quantify the implementation resources. The CEA was performed using an incremental implementation …

Renal Piezo2 Is An Essential Regulator Of Renin, Rose Z Hill, Jeffrey H Miner, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Renin synthesis and release is the rate-limiting step of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) that controls fluid homeostasis. A major activator of the RAAS is a decrease in perfusion pressure within the kidneys, suggesting a link between renal mechanotransduction and renin. However, the identity of the mechanosensor(s) in the kidneys and their physiological significance to the RAAS remain unclear. We find that loss of the force-gated nonselective cation channel PIEZO2 in cells of renin lineage dysregulates the RAAS by elevating renin. We observe that PIEZO2 is expressed in renin-producing juxtaglomerular granular cells and is required for their calcium dynamics in vivo. …

Antecedent Enhancer Activity Predicts Future Susceptibility To Seizures In Mice, Benjamin D Boros, Mariam A Gachechiladze, Juanru Guo, Dylan A Galloway, Shayna M Mueller, Mark Shabsovich, Allen Yen, Xuhua Chen, Alexander J Cammack, Tao Shen, Robi D Mitra, Joseph D Dougherty, Timothy M Miller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Wide variation of responses to identical stimuli presented to genetically inbred mice suggests the hypothesis that stochastic non-genetic variation, such as in chromatin state or enhancer activity during neurodevelopment, can mediate such phenotypic differences. However, this hypothesis is largely untested since capturing pre-existing molecular states requires non-destructive, longitudinal recording. Therefore, we tested the potential of Calling Cards (CC) to record transient neuronal enhancer activity during postnatal development in mice, and thereby associate such non-genetic variation with a subsequent phenotypic presentation - degree of seizure response to the pro-convulsant pentylenetetrazol. We show that recorded differences in enhancer activity at 243 loci …

Bio-Adrenomedullin Predicts Death And Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events In Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Cross-Continental Multicenter Study, Maximilian L Müller, Fabian Knebel, Katrin Hahn, Janin Schulte, Birte Arlt, Oliver Hartmann, Kaitlin M S Moore, Seiji Takashio, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Joshua D Mitchell, Kenichi Tsujita, Ulf Landmesser, Bettina Heidecker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Bio-ADM (bioactive adrenomedullin) is a vasoactive peptide hormone that predicts clinical outcomes in heart failure-the main driver of adverse outcomes in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). This prospective observational study sought to assess the prognostic role of bio-ADM in CA.

METHODS: Patients with CA were enrolled from amyloid centers in Germany (observation cohort), Japan, and the United States (combined validation cohort). Bio-ADM was quantified using the sphingotest bio-ADM assay. Associations of bio-ADM with all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events over 2 years were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Likelihood ratio chi-square tests for nested models evaluated whether adding …

The Igvf Catalog-From Genetic Variation To Function, Daofeng Li, Shane Liu, Wenjin Zhang, Juan F Macias-Velasco, Tianjie Liu, Sarah Cody, Lucinda Antonacci-Fulton, Ting Wang, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Genomic variation between individuals is essential for understanding how differences in the genome sequence affect molecular and cellular processes. The Impact of Genomic Variation on Function (IGVF) Consortium aims to uncover the relationships among genomic variation, genome function, and phenotypes by combining experimental techniques, such as single-cell mapping and genomic perturbation assays, with computational approaches such as machine learning-based predictive modeling. The IGVF Data and Administrative Coordinating Centers collect, analyze, and disseminate data and results from across the consortium through an open-source platform called the IGVF Catalog. This resource includes, but is not limited to, data on the effects of …

Durability Of The Benefit Of Vagus Nerve Stimulation In Markedly Treatment-Resistant Major Depression: A Recover Trial Report, Charles R Conway, Christopher L Kriedt, Charles F Zorumski, Hunter Brown, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Greater levels of treatment resistance in major depressive disorder (MDD) are associated with lower rates of initial benefit and higher rates of relapse (lower durability).

OBJECTIVE: Characterize depressive symptoms, function, and quality of life (QoL) over 24 months of adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in participants with markedly treatment-resistant depression.

DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, single-arm, long-term extension study (RECOVER) conducted from September 2019 to April 2025.

SETTING: Outpatient.

PARTICIPANTS: Adults with moderate-severe MDD with ≥ 4 failed antidepressant trials in the current episode, randomized to blinded, adjunctive VNS for 12 months, who subsequently received open-label, adjunctive VNS for 12 additional …

Mass Spectrometry Footprinting Reveals How Kinetic Stabilizers Counteract Transthyretin Dynamics Altered By Pathogenic Mutations, Francisca Pinheiro, Ravi Kant, Saketh Chemuru, Nathalia Varejão, Adrián Velázquez-Campoy, David Reverter, Irantzu Pallarès, Michael L Gross, Salvador Ventura

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The aggregation of transthyretin (TTR) results in life-threatening transthyretin amyloidosis. Familial forms of the disease arise from point mutations that destabilize the TTR tetramer, leading to its dissociation and/or monomer unfolding and subsequent formation of amyloid fibrils. Small molecules that kinetically stabilize the native tetramer effectively inhibit this aggregation. Although over 300 X-ray crystal structures of TTR have been determined, these data refer to a static structure and do not capture the conformational effects of mutations and ligand binding. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) and fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) offer critical …

Polymer Conformational Entropy As The Driver Of Complex Coacervation, Tommaso Inzani, Giovanni Nava, Marco Buscaglia, Andrea Soranno, Alessandro Gori, Greta Bergamaschi, Samir Suweis, Amos Maritan, Tommaso Bellini

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Understanding the mechanisms leading to complex coacervation is a fundamental challenge in biomolecular sciences. Here, we explored the condensation transition and pretransitional behavior of an archetypal system consisting of polyuridylic acid chains (PolyU) and short cationic peptides in buffered aqueous solutions. By combining static and dynamic light scattering with confocal microscopy, we determined the location of the transition and the partitioning of PolyU and peptides between the coexisting phases as a function of the total peptides/PolyU ratio. We find that upon adding peptides in the system, the size of PolyU coils in the single-phase region is progressively reduced by peptide-mediated …

What Is The Psychological And Cognitive Impact Of Returning Alzheimer Disease Dementia Research Results To Healthy Research Participants? A Delayed-Start Randomised Clinical Trial Protocol For The Weshare Study (Washington University Study Of Having Alzheimer Disease), Sarah M Hartz, Spondita Goswami, Amy Oliver, Alissa Evans, Sacha Jackson, Erin Linnenbringer, Krista M Moulder, John C Morris, Jessica Mozersky

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Returning research results that indicate risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia-a disease for which no meaningful treatments or cure exist-to cognitively normal participants is controversial. AD is thought to begin many years before clinical signs and symptoms begin. During this time, individuals are cognitively normal but have biomarkers that indicate pathophysiological changes in the brain. With this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of returning research results on cognitively normal participants recruited from a longitudinal observational cohort on ageing at the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Centre (Knight ADRC) at Washington University in St. Louis.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Our …

Association Between Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance And Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Veterans Health Administration Study, Tzeyu L Michaud, Mei Wang, Daphne R Friedman, Lawrence Liu, Theodore S Thomas, Kristen M Sanfilippo, Graham A Colditz, Martin W Schoen, Su-Hsin Chang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, its potential to provide additional prognostic information beyond traditional CVD risk assessments remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between MGUS and incident CVD and to determine whether MGUS status offers additional prognostic value beyond the established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk calculation.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, matched observational study using 2010 to 2021 Veterans Health Administration data. MGUS status, confirmed through a validated natural language processing algorithm, were 1:5 matched to individuals without MGUS. The outcome of interest was …

Omg! A Proteomic Determinant Of Neurodegenerative Resiliency, Michael R Duggan, Muhammad Ali, Menghan Liu, Ying Xu, Daniel Western, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Biofluid proteomics can enhance our understanding of the neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMG) is a brain-specific protein implicated in myelination, but its potential mechanistic, biomarker, and therapeutic roles in ADRDs requires further elucidation.

METHODS: After detecting an inverse association between its abundance in peripheral circulation and cortical amyloid deposition in two community-based cohorts, the current study characterized OMG's role in ADRDs with high-throughput proteomics from sixteen independent cohorts. Data included a variety of cross-sectional and longitudinal community-based and clinical cohorts from North America, Europe, and Asia, and incorporated complementary biofluids, biospecimens, …

Clinical Performance Of A Novel Point-Of-Care High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Assay, Alan H B Wu, Stacey L House, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays performed in the central laboratory have long turnaround times. This study evaluates the clinical performance of a novel bedside point-of-care (POC) hs-cTnI assay (i-STAT® hs-TnI) to aid in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI).

METHODS: A prospective multisite cohort study involving emergency department (ED) patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome was conducted at 28 sites across the United States. Serial whole blood samples were collected at 0-1 h and >1-3 h from ED presentation. Primary outcome was MI or non-MI. Sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) for MI were calculated with …

Accurate Chromatin Marks Peak Calling With Omnipeak, Oleg Shpynov, Maxim N Artyomov

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) is a widely used technique for identifying transcription-factor binding and histone modifications across the genome. Peaks in ChIP-seq data vary in length depending on the biological context, from narrow transcription factor binding sites to broad histone modification domains. However, commonly used peak-calling tools are tailored to the specific types of data and struggle to consistently handle various peak lengths, datasets of varying quality, and missing control tracks-common issues in comparative or meta-analyses. These limitations are addressed with Omnipeak, a universal unsupervised peak-calling algorithm based on a constrained three-state hidden Markov model. Omnipeak accurately models global genomic …

Β2 And Β3a Regulatory Subunits Can Coassemble In The Same Bk Channels, Yu Zhou, Vivian Gonzalez-Perez, Xiao-Ming Xia, Gopal S Kallure, Sandipan Chowdhury, Christopher J Lingle

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ca2+- and voltage-activated BK-type K+ channels are influenced profoundly by associated regulatory subunits, including β subunits (Kcnmb1-4; β1-β4). Although overlap in expression of different BK β subunits occurs in native tissues, whether they can coassemble in the same channel complex is not known. We coexpress β2 and β3a subunits together with BK α and, through a combination of macroscopic and single-channel recordings, along with quantitative pull-down of tagged subunits, test whether coassembly can occur. We evaluate two models: (1) random mixing in which β2 and β3a subunits coassemble in the same channels, and (2) segregation in which β2 and β3a …

Environmental Enteric Dysfunction In Well-Nourished And Undernourished Women In Bangladesh, Mustafa Mahfuz, Md Shabab Hossain, Ar-Rafi Khan, Mehjabin Tishan Mahfuz, Rumana Sharmin, A H M Rezwan, Musarrat Tasnim, S M Tafsir Hasan, S M Khodeza Nahar Begum, M Masudur Rahman, Michael J Barratt, Jeffrey I Gordon, Tahmeed Ahmed

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) is a subacute inflammation of the small intestinal (SI) mucosa associated with undernutrition and perturbation of the SI microbiota. Its diagnosis relies on histopathological assessment of small intestinal biopsies, with a lack of validated biomarkers contributing to underdiagnosis. This study assessed the prevalence and histological features of EED in undernourished Bangladeshi women living in an urban slum in Dhaka, compared to well-nourished women from slum and non-slum areas, and examined the factors associated with histologically confirmed EED.

METHODS: This analysis included non-pregnant, non-lactating Bangladeshi women aged 18-45 years classified by location of residence and nutritional …