Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Implementation And Outcomes Of A Pilot Collaborative Surgical Hydrocele Training In Côte D'Ivoire, Kevin Montes, Georgina Angoa, Catherine M Bjerum, Adama Guira, Olivier K Kouadio, Allassane F Ouattara, Gary J Weil, Peter U Fischer, Aboulaye Meite, Benjamin G Koudou, Philip J Budge

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease that can cause hydrocele and its associated stigma, loss of economic productivity, and depression. Hydrocele surgery is an essential part of LF morbidity management but can be difficult for national programs to implement. To improve access to hydrocele surgeries in Côte d'Ivoire, we provided a WHO-certified surgical training for six surgical teams from five health districts in Côte d'Ivoire. We then evaluated the surgical outcomes and assessed the impact of hydrocele surgery on quality of life of hydrocelectomy patients. Preoperative and operative records were reviewed to describe baseline hydrocele characteristics and operative …

Surveillance And Selective Treatment Of Brugia Malayi Filariasis Eleven Years After Stopping Mass Drug Administration In Belitung District, Indonesia, Taniawati Supali, Yenny Djuardi, Santoso, Lita Renata Sianipar, Nungki Hapsari Suryaningtyas, Rahmat Alfian, Yossi Destani, Elisa Iskandar, Hendri Astuty, Noviani Sugianto, Peter U Fischer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A key component to achieving the global goal of elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) is the availability of appropriate tools for disease mapping, monitoring, and surveillance. However, the development of these tools for a neglected disease such as LF can be a challenge. The lack of a commercial market and low familiarity with these diseases leave little incentive for diagnostic manufacturers to invest in this space. The Filarial Test Strip (FTS) development story provides a case study on how a multi-stakeholder, public-private partnership model facilitated the development, evaluation, and introduction of a new monitoring and surveillance tool for LF. This …

Proteo-Genomics Of Soluble Trem2 In Cerebrospinal Fluid Provides Novel Insights And Identifies Novel Modulators For Alzheimer's Disease, Lihua Wang, Niko-Petteri Nykänen, Daniel Western, Priyanka Gorijala, Jigyasha Timsina, Fuhai Li, Zhaohua Wang, Muhammad Ali, Chengran Yang, Menghan Liu, William Brock, Richard J Perrin, Yun Ju Sung, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) plays a critical role in microglial activation, survival, and apoptosis, as well as in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. We previously reported the MS4A locus as a key modulator for soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To identify additional novel genetic modifiers of sTREM2, we performed the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identified four loci for CSF sTREM2 in 3,350 individuals of European ancestry. Through multi-ethnic fine mapping, we identified two independent missense variants (p.M178V in MS4A4A and p.A112T in MS4A6A) that drive the association in MS4A locus and showed an …

Breast Cancer Incidence Among Us Women Aged 20 To 49 Years By Race, Stage, And Hormone Receptor Status, Shuai Xu, Sara Murtagh, Yunan Han, Fei Wan, Adetunji T Toriola

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Breast cancer in young women has a less favorable prognosis compared with older women. Yet, comprehensive data on recent trends and how period and cohort effects may affect these trends among young women are not well-known.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate breast cancer incidence among young women in the US over a 20-year period by race and ethnicity, hormone receptor status (estrogen receptor [ER] and progesterone receptor [PR]), tumor stage, and age at diagnosis, as well as how period and cohort effects may affect these trends.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results …

Implications Of Preoperative Depression For Lumbar Spine Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Saad Javeed, Braeden Benedict, Salim Yakdan, Samia Saleem, Justin K Zhang, Kathleen Botterbush, Madelyn R Frumkin, Angela Hardi, Brian Neuman, Jay F Piccirillo, Burel R Goodin, Thomas L Rodebaugh, Wilson Z Ray, Jacob K Greenberg, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Comorbid depression is common among patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease. Although a well-researched topic, the evidence of the role of depression in spine surgery outcomes remains inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between preoperative depression and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after lumbar spine surgery.

DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed from database inception to September 14, 2023.

STUDY SELECTION: Included studies involved adults undergoing lumbar spine surgery and compared PROMs in patients with vs those without depression. Studies evaluating the correlation between …

Hat: De Novo Variant Calling For Highly Accurate Short-Read And Long-Read Sequencing Data, Jeffrey K Ng, Tychele N Turner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MOTIVATION: de novo variants (DNVs) are variants that are present in offspring but not in their parents. DNVs are both important for examining mutation rates as well as in the identification of disease-related variation. While efforts have been made to call DNVs, calling of DNVs is still challenging from parent-child sequenced trio data. We developed Hare And Tortoise (HAT) as an automated DNV detection workflow for highly accurate short-read and long-read sequencing data. Reliable detection of DNVs is important for human genomics and HAT addresses this need.

RESULTS: HAT is a computational workflow that begins with aligned read data (i.e. …

Organ Preservation And Survival By Clinical Response Grade In Patients With Rectal Cancer Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Secondary Analysis Of The Opra Randomized Clinical Trial, Hannah M Thompson, Steven R Hunt, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Assessing clinical tumor response following completion of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer is paramount to select patients for watch-and-wait treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To assess organ preservation (OP) and oncologic outcomes according to clinical tumor response grade.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was secondary analysis of the Organ Preservation in Patients with Rectal Adenocarcinoma trial, a phase 2, nonblinded, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Randomization occurred between April 2014 and March 2020. Eligible participants included patients with stage II or III rectal adenocarcinoma. Data analysis occurred from March 2022 to July 2023.

INTERVENTION: Patients were randomized …

Fatty Acid Synthesis Suppresses Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Use, Anna Worthmann, Sangeeta Adak, Clay F Semenkovich, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are increasingly recognized for their health benefits, whereas a high production of endogenous fatty acids - a process called de novo lipogenesis (DNL) - is closely linked to metabolic diseases. Determinants of PUFA incorporation into complex lipids are insufficiently understood and may influence the onset and progression of metabolic diseases. Here we show that fatty acid synthase (FASN), the key enzyme of DNL, critically determines the use of dietary PUFA in mice and humans. Moreover, the combination of FASN inhibition and PUFA-supplementation decreases liver triacylglycerols (TAG) in mice fed with high-fat diet. Mechanistically, FASN inhibition …

Genome-Wide And Targeted Crispr Screens Identify Rnf213 As A Mediator Of Interferon Gamma-Dependent Pathogen Restriction In Human Cells, Sumit K Matta, Hinissan P Kohio, Pallavi Chandra, Adam Brown, John G Doench, Jennifer A Philips, Siyuan Ding, L David Sibley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

To define cellular immunity to the intracellular pathogen

Microbial Co-Occurrences On Catheters From Long-Term Catheterized Patients, Taylor M Nye, Zongsen Zou, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Jerome S Pinkner, Erin Lowry, Kent Kleinschmidt, Karla Bergeron, Aleksandra Klim, Karen W Dodson, Ana L Flores-Mireles, Jennifer N Walker, Daniel Garrett Wong, Alana Desai, Michael G Caparon, Scott J Hultgren

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), a common cause of healthcare-associated infections, are caused by a diverse array of pathogens that are increasingly becoming antibiotic resistant. We analyze the microbial occurrences in catheter and urine samples from 55 human long-term catheterized patients collected over one year. Although most of these patients were prescribed antibiotics over several collection periods, their catheter samples remain colonized by one or more bacterial species. Examination of a total of 366 catheter and urine samples identify 13 positive and 13 negative genus co-occurrences over 12 collection periods, representing associations that occur more or less frequently than expected …

Prospective Study To Characterize Adalimumab Exposure In Pediatric Patients With Rheumatic Diseases, Tatjana Welzel, Klervi Golhen, Andrew Atkinson, Verena Gotta, David Ternant, Jasmin B Kuemmerle-Deschner, Christine Michler, Gilbert Koch, Johannes N Van Den Anker, Marc Pfister, Andreas Woerner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In pediatric rheumatic diseases (PRD), adalimumab is dosed using fixed weight-based bands irrespective of methotrexate co-treatment, disease activity (DA) or other factors that might influence adalimumab pharmacokinetics (PK). In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) adalimumab exposure between 2-8 mg/L is associated with clinical response. PRD data on adalimumab is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze adalimumab PK and its variability in PRD treated with/without methotrexate.

METHODS: A two-center prospective study in PRD patients aged 2-18 years treated with adalimumab and methotrexate (G

RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients (14 per group), diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (71.4%), non-infectious uveitis (25%) or chronic recurrent …

Process Evaluation Of A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial To Assess The Efficacy And Safety Of A Quadruple Ultra-Low-Dose Treatment For Hypertension Within A Federally Qualified Health Center Network (Quartet Usa), Olutobi A Sanuade, Tyler A Jacobson, Adriana Quintana, Fallon M Flowers, Hiba Abbasi, My H Vu, Abigail S Baldridge, Jairo Mejia, Danielle Lazar, Jody D Ciolino, Mark D Huffman, Namratha R Kandula

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This convergent parallel-design mixed-methods process evaluation of the QUARTET USA (Quadruple Ultra-Low-Dose Treatment for Hypertension USA) clinical trial (NCT03640312) explores patient and health care professional perceptions about the use of low-dose quadruple therapy (LDQT) as a novel strategy for hypertension management.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A survey of all 62 patients enrolled in the QUARTET USA trial was conducted. A subsample of 13 patients and 11 health care professionals, recruited via purposive sampling, took part in semistructured interviews. At enrollment, 68% of participants (mean [SD] age, 51.7 [11.5] years; 56% self-identified as Hispanic: Mexican ethnicity, 16% as Hispanic: other ethnicity, …

Hecatomb: An Integrated Software Platform For Viral Metagenomics, Michael J Roach, Sarah J Beecroft, Kathie A Mihindukulasuriya, Leran Wang, Anne Paredes, Luis Alberto Chica Cárdenas, Kara Henry-Cocks, Lais Farias Oliveira Lima, Elizabeth A Dinsdale, Robert A Edwards, Scott A Handley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Modern sequencing technologies offer extraordinary opportunities for virus discovery and virome analysis. Annotation of viral sequences from metagenomic data requires a complex series of steps to ensure accurate annotation of individual reads and assembled contigs. In addition, varying study designs will require project-specific statistical analyses.

FINDINGS: Here we introduce Hecatomb, a bioinformatic platform coordinating commonly used tasks required for virome analysis. Hecatomb means "a great sacrifice." In this setting, Hecatomb is "sacrificing" false-positive viral annotations using extensive quality control and tiered-database searches. Hecatomb processes metagenomic data obtained from both short- and long-read sequencing technologies, providing annotations to individual sequences …

A Dataset Of Digital Holograms Of Normal And Thalassemic Cells, Vahid Abbasian, Arash Darafsheh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an intriguing medical diagnostic tool due to its label-free and quantitative nature, providing high-contrast images of phase samples. By capturing both intensity and phase information, DHM enables the numerical reconstruction of quantitative phase images. However, the lateral resolution is limited by the diffraction limit, which prompted the recent suggestion of microsphere-assisted DHM to enhance the DHM resolution straightforwardly. The use of such a technique as a medical diagnostic tool requires testing and validation of the proposed assays to prove their feasibility and viability. This paper publishes 760 and 609 microsphere-assisted DHM images of normal and …

Contrast Response Function Estimation With Nonparametric Bayesian Active Learning, Dom C P Marticorena, Quinn Wai Wong, Jake Browning, Ken Wilbur, Samyukta Jayakumar, Pinakin Gunvant Davey, Aaron R Seitz, Jacob R Gardner, Dennis L Barbour

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Multidimensional psychometric functions can typically be estimated nonparametrically for greater accuracy or parametrically for greater efficiency. By recasting the estimation problem from regression to classification, however, powerful machine learning tools can be leveraged to provide an adjustable balance between accuracy and efficiency. Contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) are behaviorally estimated curves that provide insight into both peripheral and central visual function. Because estimation can be impractically long, current clinical workflows must make compromises such as limited sampling across spatial frequency or strong assumptions on CSF shape. This article describes the development of the machine learning contrast response function (MLCRF) estimator, which …

Lipid Nanodisc Scaffold And Size Alter The Structure Of A Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel, Vikram Dalal, Mark J Arcario, John T Petroff 2nd, Brandon K Tan, Noah M Dietzen, Michael J Rau, James A J Fitzpatrick, Grace Brannigan, Wayland W L Cheng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lipid nanodiscs have become a standard tool for studying membrane proteins, including using single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). We find that reconstituting the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC), Erwinia ligand-gated ion channel (ELIC), in different nanodiscs produces distinct structures by cryo-EM. The effect of the nanodisc on ELIC structure extends to the extracellular domain and agonist binding site. Additionally, molecular dynamic simulations indicate that nanodiscs of different size impact ELIC structure and that the nanodisc scaffold directly interacts with ELIC. These findings suggest that the nanodisc plays a crucial role in determining the structure of pLGICs, and that reconstitution of …

Multiple Genes Core To Erad, Macroautophagy And Lysosomal Degradation Pathways Participate In The Proteostasis Response In Α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Jie Li, Tunda Hidvegi, Sanja Sviben, James A J Fitzpatrick, Hemalatha Sundaramoorthi, Stephen C Pak, Gary A Silverman, David H Perlmutter, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND & AIMS: In the classic form of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD), the misfolded α1-antitrypsin Z (ATZ) variant accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of liver cells. A gain-of-function proteotoxic mechanism is responsible for chronic liver disease in a subgroup of homozygotes. Proteostatic response pathways, including conventional endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and autophagy, have been proposed as the mechanisms that allow cellular adaptation and presumably protection from the liver disease phenotype. Recent studies have concluded that a distinct lysosomal pathway called endoplasmic reticulum-to-lysosome completely supplants the role of the conventional macroautophagy pathway in degradation of ATZ. Here, we used several state-of-the-art approaches …

Preteen Suicide Risk Screening In The Pediatric Outpatient Setting: A Clinical Pathway, Laura Hennefield, Ellen-Ge Denton, Peggy G Chen, Arielle H Sheftall, Lynsay Ayer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We are in a youth mental health crisis with unprecedented and staggeringly high rates of suicidal ideations and suicide behaviors in preteens. In the United States, 14.5% of children aged 9-10 have experienced suicidal thoughts and behaviors, including 1.3% with a suicide attempt. American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines call for universal suicide risk screening of youth aged 12 years and older during preventative health care visits and screening in preteens aged 8-11 years when clinically indicated. However, what constitutes a clinical indication at 8-11 years can be difficult to systematically detect, and pediatric practitioners may not be equipped with necessary …

Characterization And Z-Score Calculation Of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameters In Patients After The Fontan Operation: A Fontan Outcome Registry Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Examinations Study, Tarek Alsaied, Manish Aggarwal, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) offers valuable hemodynamic insights post-Fontan, but is limited by the absence of normative single ventricle data. The Fontan Outcomes Registry using CMR Examinations (FORCE) is a large international Fontan-specific CMR registry. This study used FORCE registry data to evaluate expected CMR ventricular size/function and create Fontan-specific z-scores adjusting for ventricular morphology (VM) in healthier Fontan patients.

METHODS: "Healthier" Fontan patients were defined as patients free of adverse outcomes, who are New York Heart Association class I, have mild or less valve disease, and < 30% aortopulmonary collateral burden. General linear modeling was performed on 70% of the dataset to create z-scores for volumes and function. Models were tested using the remainder (30%) of the data. The z-scores were compared between children and adults. The z-scores were also compared between "healthier" Fontan and patients with adverse outcomes (death, listing for transplantation, or multiorgan disease).

RESULTS: The "healthier" Fontan population included 885 patients (15.0 ± 7.6 years) …

Reference Ranges For Left Modified Myocardial Performance Index: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Katherine H Bligard, Michelle Doering, Shay Porat, Joshua I Rosenbloom

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: The modified myocardial performance index (mod-MPI) is a noninvasive Doppler-derived metric used to evaluate fetal cardiac function. However, the reference ranges for mod-MPI in normal fetuses are not clearly defined, which limits the use of this technology in fetuses with potential cardiac compromise. Thus, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published mod-MPI reference ranges across gestation.

METHODS: The published literature was systematically searched, and all published articles in any language that provided values for the left ventricular mod-MPI obtained in low-risk, singleton fetuses were considered eligible for further review. All retrieved titles and abstracts were …

The Association Of Dementia Risk Symptoms And Functional Activity In Adults With Down Syndrome, Selena E Washington, Amy E Bodde, Brian C Helsel, Rebecca M Bollinger, Nora Smith, Lauren T Ptomey, Beau Ances, Susan L Stark

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Adults with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, often showing neuropathological indicators by age 40. Physical function and activities of daily living (ADLs) are understudied areas of function that may inform dementia risk. We investigated associations among age, physical function (gait/balance, grip strength, and lower extremity strength), ADLs, and dementia risk symptoms in adults with DS. We hypothesized that compromised physical function and lower independence with ADLs would be associated with an informant/caregiver-reported measure of dementia risk symptoms.

METHODS: A secondary analysis for this cross-sectional study was completed using data from two academic …

Usability Testing Of A Web Tool For Dissemination And Implementation Science Models, Rebekah Natalie Gomes, Bryan S Ford, Rachel G Tabak, Ross C Brownson, Sara Malone, Maggie Padek, Russell E Glasgow, Borsika Rabin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Dissemination and Implementation science is dedicated to increasing the speed of evidence-based research translated into practice as guided by one or multiple D&I theories, models, and frameworks. The Dissemination and Implementation Models in Health Research and Practice web tool guides users on how to plan, select, combine, adapt, use, and assess theories, models, and frameworks. This paper describes usability testing to update the web tool. Iterative user testing was conducted with implementation science research and clinical participants to facilitate updates and optimize the functionality of the tool. A multi-step protocol involved quantitative and qualitative data collection including a survey, …

Proceedings Of The 11th Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: Pushing The Forefront Of Neuromodulation With Functional Network Mapping, Biomarkers For Adaptive Dbs, Bioethical Dilemmas, Ai-Guided Neuromodulation, And Translational Advancements, Kara A Johnson, Nico U F Dosenbach, Evan M Gordon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Think Tank XI was held on August 9-11, 2023 in Gainesville, Florida with the theme of "Pushing the Forefront of Neuromodulation". The keynote speaker was Dr. Nico Dosenbach from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. He presented his research recently published in Nature inn a collaboration with Dr. Evan Gordon to identify and characterize the somato-cognitive action network (SCAN), which has redefined the motor homunculus and has led to new hypotheses about the integrative networks underpinning therapeutic DBS. The DBS Think Tank was founded in 2012 and provides an open platform where clinicians, engineers, and …

A Critical Evaluation Of "Leakage" At The Cochlear Blood-Stria-Barrier And Its Functional Significance, Kevin K Ohlemiller, Noël Dwyer, Veronica Henson, Kaela Fasman, Keiko Hirose

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The blood-labyrinth-barrier (BLB) is a semipermeable boundary between the vasculature and three separate fluid spaces of the inner ear, the perilymph, the endolymph and the intrastrial space. An important component of the BLB is the blood-stria-barrier, which shepherds the passage of ions and metabolites from strial capillaries into the intrastrial space. Some investigators have reported increased "leakage" from these capillaries following certain experimental interventions, or in the presence of inflammation or genetic variants. This leakage is generally thought to be harmful to cochlear function, principally by lowering the endocochlear potential (EP). Here, we examine evidence for this dogma. We find …

Early Detection Of Myocardial Involvement By Non-Contrast T1Ρ Mapping Of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hongmin Shu, Huimin Xu, Zixiang Pan, Yan Liu, Wei Deng, Ren Zhao, Yan Sun, Zhen Wang, Jinxiu Yang, Hui Gao, Kaixuan Yao, Jie Zheng, Yongqiang Yu, Xiaohu Li

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of T1ρ in detecting myocardial fibrosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by comparing with native T1 and extracellular volume (ECV) fraction.

METHODS: T2DM patients (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 30) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance. ECV, T1ρ, native T1, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) values were assessed. Diagnostic performance was analyzed using receiver operating curves.

RESULTS: The global ECV and T1ρ of T2DM group (ECV = 32.1 ± 3.2%, T1ρ = 51.6 ± 3.8 msec) were significantly higher than those of controls (ECV = 26.2 ± 1.6%, T1ρ …

Effectively Communicating With Local Policymakers: A Randomized Trial Of Policy Brief Dissemination To Address Obesity, Elizabeth A Dodson, Renee G Parks, Rebekah R Jacob, Ruopeng An, Amy A Eyler, Nathan Lee, Alexandra B Morshed, Mary C Politi, Rachel G Tabak, Yan Yan, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Evidence-based policies are a powerful tool for impacting health and addressing obesity. Effectively communicating evidence to policymakers is critical to ensure evidence is incorporated into policies. While all public health is local, limited knowledge exists regarding effective approaches for improving local policymakers' uptake of evidence-based policies.

METHODS: Local policymakers were randomized to view one of four versions of a policy brief (usual care, narrative, risk-framing, and narrative/risk-framing combination). They then answered a brief survey including questions about their impressions of the brief, their likelihood of using it, and how they determine legislative priorities.

RESULTS: Responses from 331 participants indicated …

Interventions Connecting Young People Living In Africa To Healthcare; A Systematic Review Using The Re-Aim Framework, Titilola Abike Gbaja-Biamila, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, David Oladele, Alexis Engelhart, Thembekile Shato, Stacey Mason, Victoria Carter, Juliet Iwelunmor-Ezepue

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Africa's young people are among the least focused groups in healthcare linkage. The disproportionally high burden of youth-related health problems is a burden, especially in developing regions like Africa, which have a high population of young people. More information is needed about factors that impact linkages in healthcare and the sustainability of health interventions among young people in Africa.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed from October 2020 to May 2022 in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Global Health, and the Web of Science. Studies included in the review were conducted among young people aged 10-24 living in Africa, written …

Incidence And Risk Factors For Bone Metastases At Presentation In Solid Tumors, Brendan J Knapp, Giordano F Cittolin-Santos, Mary E Flanagan, Nikhil Grandhi, Feng Gao, Pamela P Samson, Ramaswamy Govindan, Daniel Morgensztern

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Bone metastases are associated with increased morbidity and decreased quality of life in patients with solid tumors. Identifying patients at increased risk of bone metastases at diagnosis could lead to earlier interventions. We sought to retrospectively identify the incidence and predictive factors for bone metastases at initial diagnosis in a large population-based dataset.

METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify patients 18 years-old or older diagnosed with solid cancers from 2010 to 2019. Patients with hematologic malignancies and primary tumors of the bone were excluded. We calculated the incidence and predictive factors for …

Extensive Reactive Cutaneous Histiocytic Infiltrate Resembling Non-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis As The Presenting Sign Of Underlying Vacuoles, E1 Enzyme, X-Linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic Syndrome, Cynthia X Wang, Christine C Yokoyama, Ilana S Rosman, Amy C Musiek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Pediatric Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives And Design, Rachel S Gross, Deanna M. Barch, Andrew C. Heath, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. Studies must address the urgent need to define PASC, its mechanisms, and potential treatment targets in children and young adults.

OBSERVATIONS: We describe the protocol for the Pediatric Observational Cohort Study of the NIH's REsearching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative. RECOVER-Pediatrics is an observational meta-cohort study of caregiver-child pairs (birth through 17 years) and young adults (18 through 25 years), recruited from more than 100 sites across the US. This report focuses on two of …