Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Expanding A Behavioral View On Digital Health Access: Drivers And Strategies To Promote Equity, Maura M Kepper, Lauren A Fowler, Isabelle S Kusters, Jean W Davis, Manal Baqer, Sara Sagui-Henson, Yunyu Xiao, Adati Tarfa, Jean C Yi, Bryan Gibson, Kristin E Heron, Nicole M Alberts, Marissa Burgermaster, Veronica Ps Njie-Carr, Lisa M Klesges

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The potential and threat of digital tools to achieve health equity has been highlighted for over a decade, but the success of achieving equitable access to health technologies remains challenging. Our paper addresses renewed concerns regarding equity in digital health access that were deepened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our viewpoint is that (1) digital health tools have the potential to improve health equity if equitable access is achieved, and (2) improving access and equity in digital health can be strengthened by considering behavioral science-based strategies embedded in all phases of tool development. Using behavioral, equity, and access frameworks allowed for …

Opportunities To Improve Antibiotic Prescribing For Adults With Acute Sinusitis, United States, 2016–2020, Axel A Vazquez Deida, Destani J Bizune, Christine Kim, John M Sahrmann, Guillermo V Sanchez, Adam L Hersh, Anne M Butler, Lauri A Hicks, Sarah Kabbani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Better understanding differences associated with antibiotic prescribing for acute sinusitis can help inform antibiotic stewardship strategies. We characterized antibiotic prescribing patterns for acute sinusitis among commercially insured adults and explored differences by patient- and prescriber-level factors.

METHODS: Outpatient encounters among adults aged 18 to 64 years diagnosed with sinusitis between 2016 and 2020 were identified by national administrative claims data. We classified antibiotic agents-first-line (amoxicillin-clavulanate or amoxicillin) and second-line (doxycycline, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin)-and ≤7-day durations as guideline concordant based on clinical practice guidelines. Modified Poisson regression was used to examine the association between patient- and prescriber-level factors and guideline-concordant …

Obicetrapib On Top Of Maximally Tolerated Lipid-Modifying Therapies In Participants With Or At High Risk For Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Rationale And Designs Of Broadway And Brooklyn, Stephen J Nicholls, Anne C Goldberg, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Obicetrapib, a novel, selective cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor, reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL particles, apolipoprotein (Apo) B, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) when added to statins with or without ezetimibe. By substantially reducing LDL-C, obicetrapib has the potential to lower atherogenic lipoproteins in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) whose LDL-C levels remain high despite treatment with available maximally tolerated lipid-modifying therapies, addressing an unmet medical need in a patient population at high risk for cardiovascular events.

METHODS AND RESULTS: BROADWAY (NCT05142722) and BROOKLYN (NCT05425745) are ongoing …

Estimation Of Differential Pathlength Factor From Nirs Measurement In Skeletal Muscle, B Koirala, A Concas, A Cincotti, Yi Sun, A Hernández, M L Goodwin, L B Gladden, N Lai

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The utilization of continuous wave (CW) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device to measure non-invasively muscle oxygenation in healthy and disease states is limited by the uncertainties related to the differential path length factor (DPF). DPF value is required to quantify oxygenated and deoxygenated heme groups' concentration changes from measurement of optical densities by NIRS. An integrated approach that combines animal and computational models of oxygen transport and utilization was used to estimate the DPF value in situ. The canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism allowed measurement of both venous oxygen content and tissue oxygenation by CW NIRS under different oxygen delivery …

Local Complement Activation And Modulation In Mucosal Immunity, Devesha H Kulkarni, Marick Starick, Rafael Aponte Alburquerque, Hrishikesh S Kulkarni

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The complement system is an evolutionarily conserved arm of innate immunity, which forms one of the first lines of host response to pathogens and assists in the clearance of debris. A deficiency in key activators/amplifiers of the cascade results in recurrent infection, whereas a deficiency in regulating the cascade predisposes to accelerated organ failure, as observed in colitis and transplant rejection. Given that there are over 60 proteins in this system, it has become an attractive target for immunotherapeutics, many of which are United States Food and Drug Administration-approved or in multiple phase 2/3 clinical trials. Moreover, there have been …

Active Mutual Conjoint Estimation Of Multiple Contrast Sensitivity Functions, Dom C P Marticorena, Quinn Wai Wong, Jake Browning, Ken Wilbur, Pinakin Gunvant Davey, Aaron R Seitz, Jacob R Gardner, Dennis L Barbour

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recent advances in nonparametric contrast sensitivity function (CSF) estimation have yielded a new tradeoff between accuracy and efficiency not available to classical parametric estimators. An additional advantage of this new framework is the ability to independently tune multiple aspects of the estimator to seek further improvements. Machine learning CSF estimation with Gaussian processes allows for design optimization in the kernel, acquisition function, and underlying task representation, to name a few. This article describes a novel kernel for CSF estimation that is more flexible than a kernel based on strictly functional forms. Despite being more flexible, it can result in a …

Customization Of Computed Tomography Radio-Opacity In 3d-Printed Contrast-Injectable Tumor Phantoms, Yuktesh Kalidindi, Aravinda Krishna Ganapathy, Liam Cunningham, Adriene Lovato, Brian Albers, Anup S Shetty, David H Ballard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Medical Imaging Phantoms (MIPs) calibrate imaging devices, train medical professionals, and can help procedural planning. Traditional MIPs are costly and limited in customization. Additive manufacturing allows for customizable, patient-specific phantoms. This study examines the CT attenuation characteristics of contrast-injectable, chambered 3D-printed phantoms to optimize tissue-mimicking capabilities. A MIP was constructed from a CT of a complex pelvic tumor near the iliac bifurcation. A 3D reconstruction of these structures composed of three chambers (aorta, inferior vena cava, tumor) with ports for contrast injection was 3D printed. Desired attenuations were 200 HU (arterial I), 150 HU (venous I), 40 HU (tumor I), …

Gemykibivirus Detection In Acute Encephalitis Patients From Nepal, Eans Tara Tuladhar, Smita Shrestha, Susan Vernon, Lindsay Droit, Kathie A Mihindukulasuriya, Mamta Tamang, Lata Karki, Annie Elong Ngono, Bimlesh Jha, Bal Krishna Awal, Bimal Sharma Chalise, Runa Jha, Sujan Shresta, David Wang, Krishna Das Manandhar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nepal, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) accounts for ~5-20% of AES cases, but ~75% of AES cases are of unknown etiology. We identified a gemykibivirus in CSF collected in 2020 from an 8-year-old male patient with AES using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Gemykibiviruses are single stranded, circular DNA viruses in the family

IMPORTANCE: Viral encephalitis is a devastating disease, but unfortunately, worldwide, the causative virus in many cases is unknown. Therefore, it is important to identify viruses that could be responsible for cases of human encephalitis. Here, using metagenomic sequencing …

Gabaa Receptor Subunit Composition Regulates Circadian Rhythms In Rest–Wake And Synchrony Among Cells In The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Daniel Granados-Fuentes, Peter Lambert, Tatiana Simon, Steven Mennerick, Erik D Herzog

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The mammalian circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) produces robust daily rhythms including rest-wake. SCN neurons synthesize and respond to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but its role remains unresolved. We tested the hypothesis that γ2- and δ-subunits of the GABA

Veritac-2: A Phase Iii Study Of Vepdegestrant, A Protac Er Degrader, Versus Fulvestrant In Er+/Her2- Advanced Breast Cancer, Erika P Hamilton, Cynthia Ma, Michelino De Laurentiis, Hiroji Iwata, Sara A Hurvitz, Seth A Wander, Michael Danso, Dongrui R Lu, Julia Perkins Smith, Yuan Liu, Lana Tran, Sibyl Anderson, Mario Campone

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) is an oral PROTAC ER degrader that binds an E3 ubiquitin ligase and ER to directly trigger ubiquitination of ER and its subsequent proteasomal degradation. In a first-in-human Phase I/II study, vepdegestrant monotherapy was well tolerated with clinical activity in pretreated patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. The global, randomized Phase III VERITAC-2 study compares efficacy and safety of vepdegestrant versus fulvestrant in adults with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer after treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy. Progression-free survival by blinded independent central review (primary end point) will be assessed in the intention-to-treat population and

An Executive Summary On The Global Conceptual Definition Of Sarcopenia, Ben Kirk, Ellen F Binder, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Nucleolytic Processing Of Abasic Sites Underlies Parp Inhibitor Hypersensitivity In Alc1-Deficient Brca Mutant Cancer Cells, Natasha Ramakrishnan, Tyler M Weaver, Lindsey N Aubuchon, Ayda Woldegerima, Taylor Just, Kevin Song, Alessandro Vindigni, Bret D Freudenthal, Priyanka Verma

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Clinical success with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) is impeded by inevitable resistance and associated cytotoxicity. Depletion of Amplified in Liver Cancer 1 (ALC1), a chromatin-remodeling enzyme, can overcome these limitations by hypersensitizing BReast CAncer genes 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutant cells to PARPi. Here, we demonstrate that PARPi hypersensitivity upon ALC1 loss is reliant on its role in promoting the repair of chromatin buried abasic sites. We show that ALC1 enhances the ability of the abasic site processing enzyme, Apurinic/Apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) to cleave nucleosome-occluded abasic sites. However, unrepaired abasic sites in ALC1-deficient cells are readily accessed by APE1 at …

Phase Ii Basket Trial Of Dual Anti-Ctla-4 And Anti-Pd-1 Blockade In Rare Tumors (Dart) Swog S1609: Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cohort, Sandip P Patel, Megan Othus, Young Kwang Chae, Tridu Huynh, Benjamin Tan, Timothy Kuzel, Christine Mcleod, Gabby Lopez, Helen X Chen, Elad Sharon, Howard Streicher, Christopher W Ryan, Charles Blanke, Razelle Kurzrock

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Multiple common cancers benefit from immunotherapy; however, less is known about efficacy in rare tumors. We report the results of the adrenocortical carcinoma cohort of NCI/SWOG S1609 Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 blockade in Rare Tumors.

DESIGN/SETTING: A prospective, phase 2 clinical trial of ipilimumab plus nivolumab was conducted by the SWOG Early Therapeutics and Rare Cancers Committee for multiple rare tumor cohorts across >1,000 National Clinical Trial Network sites.

PARTICIPANTS: 21 eligible patients were registered. Median age was 53 years (range 26-69); 16 (76%) were women.

INTERVENTIONS: Ipilimumab 1 mg/kg intravenously every 6 weeks with nivolumab 240 mg intravenously …

Macrophage Depletion Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity And Nephrotoxicity, Cathy Yea Won Sung, Naoki Hayase, Peter S T Yuen, John Lee, Katharine Fernandez, Xuzhen Hu, Hui Cheng, Robert A Star, Mark E Warchol, Lisa L Cunningham

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug with notable side effects including ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Macrophages, the major resident immune cells in the cochlea and kidney, are important drivers of both inflammatory and tissue repair responses. To investigate the roles of macrophages in cisplatin-induced toxicities, we used PLX3397, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitor of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, to eliminate tissue-resident macrophages. Mice treated with cisplatin alone had considerable hearing loss (ototoxicity) and kidney injury (nephrotoxicity). Macrophage ablation resulted in significantly reduced hearing loss and had greater outer hair cell survival. Macrophage ablation also protected against cisplatin-induced …

Review Of The Impact And Burden Of Urinary Urgency On Adults With Overactive Bladder, Adrian Wagg, A Lenore Ackerman, H Henry Lai, Diane K. Newman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Blinatumomab For Mrd-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia In Adults, Mark R Litzow, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Many older adults with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) have a relapse despite having a measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative complete remission with combination chemotherapy. The addition of blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager molecule that is approved for the treatment of relapsed, refractory, and MRD-positive BCP-ALL, may have efficacy in patients with MRD-negative remission.

METHODS: In a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients 30 to 70 years of age with

RESULTS: The data and safety monitoring committee reviewed the results from the third efficacy interim analysis and recommended that they be reported. Complete remission with or without full …

A Correctable Immune Niche For Epithelial Stem Cell Reprogramming And Post-Viral Lung Diseases, Kangyun Wu, Yong Zhang, Huiqing Yin-Declue, Kelly Sun, Dailing Mao, Kuangying Yang, Stephen R. Austin, Erika C. Crouch, Steven L. Brody, Derek E. Byers, Christy M. Hoffmann, Michael E. Hughes, Michael J. Holtzman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Epithelial barriers are programmed for defense and repair but are also the site of long-term structural remodeling and disease. In general, this paradigm features epithelial stem cells (ESCs) that are called on to regenerate damaged tissues but can also be reprogrammed for detrimental remodeling. Here we identified a Wfdc21-dependent monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) population that functioned as an early sentinel niche for basal ESC reprogramming in mouse models of epithelial injury after respiratory viral infection. Niche function depended on moDC delivery of ligand GPNMB to the basal ESC receptor CD44 so that properly timed antibody blockade of ligand or receptor …

Instrumentation Failure In Adult Spinal Deformity Patients, David P Falk, Ravi Agrawal, Bijan Dehghani, Rohit Bhan, Sachin Gupta, Munish C Gupta

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In recent years, advances in the surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD) have led to improved outcomes. Although these advances have helped drive the development of deformity surgery to meet the rising volume of patients seeking surgical treatment, many challenges have yet to be solved. Instrumentation failure remains one of the most common major complications following deformity surgery, associated with significant morbidity due to elevated re-operation rates among those experiencing mechanical complications. The two most frequently encountered subtypes of instrumentation failure are rod fracture (RF) and proximal junctional kyphosis/proximal junctional failure (PJK/PJF). While RF and PJK/PJF are both modes …

A Pre-Vaccination Immune Metabolic Interplay Determines The Protective Antibody Response To A Dengue Virus Vaccine, Adam-Nicolas Pelletier, Gabriela Pacheco Sanchez, Abdullah Izmirly, Mark Watson, Tiziana Di Pucchio, Karina Inacio Carvalho, Abdelali Filali-Mouhim, Eustache Paramithiotis, Maria Do Carmo S T Timenetsky, Alexander Roberto Precioso, Jorge Kalil, Michael S Diamond, Elias K Haddad, Esper G Kallas, Rafick Pierre Sekaly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Protective immunity to dengue virus (DENV) requires antibody response to all four serotypes. Systems vaccinology identifies a multi-OMICs pre-vaccination signature and mechanisms predictive of broad antibody responses after immunization with a tetravalent live attenuated DENV vaccine candidate (Butantan-DV/TV003). Anti-inflammatory pathways, including TGF-β signaling expressed by CD68

Transcriptional Analysis Of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Airway Cells Reveals A Dedicated Cilia Glutathione Pathway, Jeffrey R. Koenitzer, Deepesh Kumar Gupta, Wang Kyaw Twan, Huihui Xu, Nicholas Hadas, Finn J. Hawkins, Mary Lou Beermann, Gervette M. Penny, Nathan T. Wamsley, Andrew Berical, Michael B. Major, Susan K. Dutcher, Steven L. Brody, Amjad Horani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic condition that results in dysmotile cilia. The repercussions of cilia dysmotility and gene variants on the multiciliated cell remain poorly understood. We used single-cell RNA-Seq, proteomics, and advanced microscopy to compare primary culture epithelial cells from patients with PCD, their heterozygous mothers, and healthy individuals, and we induced pluripotent stem cells (iPScs) generated from a patient with PCD. Transcriptomic analysis revealed unique signatures in PCD airway cells compared with their mothers' cells and the cells of healthy individuals. Gene expression in heterozygous mothers' cells diverged from both control and PCD cells, marked by …

A Comparative Analysis Of Sars-Cov-2 Variants Of Concern (Voc) Spike Proteins Interacting With Hace2 Enzyme, Jiawei Chen, Lingtao Chen, Heng Quan, Soongoo Lee, Kaniz Fatama Khan, Ying Xie, Qiaomu Li, Maria Valero, Zhiyu Dai, Yixin Xie

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In late 2019, the emergence of a novel coronavirus led to its identification as SARS-CoV-2, precipitating the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many experimental and computational studies were performed on SARS-CoV-2 to understand its behavior and patterns. In this research, Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation is utilized to compare the behaviors of SARS-CoV-2 and its Variants of Concern (VOC)-Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron-with the hACE2 protein. Protein structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) were aligned and trimmed for consistency using Chimera, focusing on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) responsible for ACE2 interaction. MD simulations were performed using Visual Molecular Dynamics …

Effects Of Protein Restriction On Insulin-Like Growth Factor (Igf)-1 In Men With Prostate Cancer: Results From A Randomized Clinical Trial, Maria L Cagigas, Giovanni Fiorito, Beatrice Bertozzi, Andrius Masedunskas, Edda Cava, Francesco Spelta, Nicola Veronese, Valeria Tosti, Gayathiri Rajakumar, Tiana Pelaia, Arnold D Bullock, Robert S Figenshau, Gerald L Andriole, Luigi Fontana

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and its binding proteins are important in cancer growth, especially in prostate cancer. Observational studies suggest that protein restriction can lower IGF-1 levels. However, it is unclear whether an isocaloric protein-restricted diet affects IGF-1 and IGFBPs in men with prostate cancer.

METHODS: In this academic, single-center, parallel-group, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end-point trial, 38 consenting overweight (BMI 30.5 ± 5.5 kg/m

RESULTS: Contrary to our hypothesis, feeding individuals an isocaloric protein-restricted diet did not result in a significant reduction in serum IGF-1. Moreover, there was no observed increase in serum IGFBP-1 or IGFBP-3 concentration.

CONCLUSION: …

Reconciling Shared Versus Context-Specific Information In A Neural Network Model Of Latent Causes, Qihong Lu, Tan T Nguyen, Qiong Zhang, Uri Hasson, Thomas L Griffiths, Jeffrey M Zacks, Samuel J Gershman, Kenneth A Norman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

It has been proposed that, when processing a stream of events, humans divide their experiences in terms of inferred latent causes (LCs) to support context-dependent learning. However, when shared structure is present across contexts, it is still unclear how the "splitting" of LCs and learning of shared structure can be simultaneously achieved. Here, we present the Latent Cause Network (LCNet), a neural network model of LC inference. Through learning, it naturally stores structure that is shared across tasks in the network weights. Additionally, it represents context-specific structure using a context module, controlled by a Bayesian nonparametric inference algorithm, which assigns …

Senescent Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts In Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Restrict Cd8+ T Cell Activation And Limit Responsiveness To Immunotherapy In Mice, Benjamin Assouline, Sheila A Stewart, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Senescent cells within tumors and their stroma exert complex pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions. However, the identities and traits of these cells, and the potential for improving cancer therapy through their targeting, remain poorly characterized. Here, we identify a senescent subset within previously-defined cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and in premalignant lesions in mice and humans. Senescent CAFs isolated from mouse and humans expressed elevated levels of immune-regulatory genes. Depletion of senescent CAFs, either genetically or using the Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199 (venetoclax), increased the proportion of activated CD8

Implantable And Semi-Implantable Biosensors For Minimally Invasive Disease Diagnosis, Yameng Xu, Jingyuan Zhang, Wilson Z. Ray, Matthew R. Macewan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Instrumental Variable And Colocalization Analyses Identify Endotrophin And Htra1 As Potential Therapeutic Targets For Coronary Artery Disease, Paul C Lee, In-Hyuk Jung, Shreeya Thussu, Ved Patel, Ryan Wagoner, Kendall H Burks, Junedh Amrute, Jared S Elenbaas, Chul Joo Kang, Erica P Young, Philipp E Scherer, Nathan O Stitziel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of disease burden globally, and there is a persistent need for new therapeutic targets. Instrumental variable (IV) and genetic colocalization analyses can help identify novel therapeutic targets for human disease by nominating causal genes in genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci. We conducted cis-IV analyses for 20,125 genes and 1,746 plasma proteins with CAD using molecular trait quantitative trait loci variant (QTLs) data from three different studies. 19 proteins and 119 genes were significantly associated with CAD risk by IV analyses and demonstrated evidence of genetic colocalization. Notably, our analyses validated well-established targets …

Whole Cervix Imaging Of Collagen, Muscle, And Cellularity In Term And Preterm Pregnancy, Wenjie Wu, Zhexian Sun, Hansong Gao, Yuan Nan, Stephanie Pizzella, Haonan Xu, Josephine Lau, Yiqi Lin, Hui Wang, Pamela K Woodard, Hannah R Krigman, Qing Wang, Yong Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cervical softening and dilation are critical for the successful term delivery of a fetus, with premature changes associated with preterm birth. Traditional clinical measures like transvaginal ultrasound and Bishop scores fall short in predicting preterm births and elucidating the cervix's complex microstructural changes. Here, we introduce a magnetic resonance diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) technique for non-invasive, comprehensive imaging of cervical cellularity, collagen, and muscle fibers. This method is validated through ex vivo DBSI and histological analyses of specimens from total hysterectomies. Subsequently, retrospective in vivo DBSI analysis at 32 weeks of gestation in ten term deliveries and seven preterm …

Whole-Genome Sequences Reveal Zygotic Composition In Chimeric Twins, Christopher J Yoon, Obi L Griffith, Malachi Griffith, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

While most dizygotic twins have a dichorionic placenta, rare cases of dizygotic twins with a monochorionic placenta have been reported. The monochorionic placenta in dizygotic twins allows in utero exchange of embryonic cells, resulting in chimerism in the twins. In practice, this chimerism is incidentally identified in mixed ABO blood types or in the presence of cells with a discordant sex chromosome. Here, we applied whole-genome sequencing to one triplet and one twin family to precisely understand their zygotic compositions, using millions of genomic variants as barcodes of zygotic origins. Peripheral blood showed asymmetrical contributions from two sister zygotes, where …

Cerebrospinal Fluid-Based Spatial Statistics: Towards Quantitative Analysis Of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pseudodiffusivity, Yutong Chen, Hui Hong, Arash Nazeri, Hugh S Markus, Xiao Luo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation is essential in removing metabolic wastes from the brain and is an integral component of the glymphatic system. Abnormal CSF circulation is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Low b-value magnetic resonance imaging quantifies the variance of CSF motion, or pseudodiffusivity. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the spatial patterns of CSF pseudodiffusivity and cognition.

METHODS: We introduced a novel technique, CSF-based spatial statistics (CBSS), to automatically quantify CSF pseudodiffusivity in each sulcus, cistern and ventricle. Using cortical regions as landmarks, we segmented each CSF region. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 93 participants with …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Testing The Effects Of A Social Needs Navigation Intervention On Health Outcomes And Healthcare Utilization Among Medicaid Members With Type 2 Diabetes, Amy Mcqueen, David Von Nordheim, Charlene Caburnay, Linda Li, Cynthia Herrick, Lauren Grimes, Darrell Broussard, Rachel E Smith, Dana Lawson, Yan Yan, Matthew Kreuter

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Health systems are increasingly assessing and addressing social needs with referrals to community resources. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to randomize adult Medicaid members with type 2 diabetes to receive usual care (