Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma Protein B (Gpnmb) Immunohistochemistry Can Be A Useful Ancillary Tool To Identify Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor, Sintawat Wangsiricharoen, Davis R Ingram, Rohini R Morey, Khalida Wani, Alexander J Lazar, Wei-Lien Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal tumors that express smooth muscle and melanocytic makers. Diagnosis of PEComas can be challenging due to focal or lost expression of traditional immunohistochemical markers, limited availability of molecular testing, and morphological overlap with much more common smooth muscle tumors. This study evaluates the use of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) immunohistochemical staining as a surrogate marker for TSC1/2/MTOR alteration or TFE3 rearrangement to differentiate PEComas from other mesenchymal tumors. Cathepsin K was also assessed for comparison. A total of 399 tumors, including PEComas, alveolar soft part sarcomas, and other histologic PEComa …

Polygenic Risk Scores, Radiation Treatment Exposures And Subsequent Cancer Risk In Childhood Cancer Survivors, Todd M Gibson, Danielle M Karyadi, Stephen W Hartley, Michael A Arnold, Amy Berrington De Gonzalez, Miriam R Conces, Rebecca M Howell, Vidushi Kapoor, Wendy M Leisenring, Joseph P Neglia, Joshua N Sampson, Lucie M Turcotte, Stephen J Chanock, Gregory T Armstrong, Lindsay M Morton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk for subsequent cancers attributable to the late effects of radiotherapy and other treatment exposures; thus, further understanding of the impact of genetic predisposition on risk is needed. Combining genotype data for 11,220 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and the St Jude Lifetime Cohort, we found that cancer-specific polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived from general population, genome-wide association study, cancer loci identified survivors of European ancestry at increased risk of subsequent basal cell carcinoma (odds ratio per s.d. of the PRS: OR = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29-1.46), …

Cardiovascular Events After Cancer Immunotherapy As Oncologic Emergencies: Analyses Of 610 Head And Neck Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Cielito C Reyes-Gibby, Aiham Qdaisat, Renata Ferrarotto, Anecita Fadol, Jason J Bischof, Christopher J Coyne, Demis N Lipe, Ehab Y Hanna, Sanjay Shete, Jun-Ichi Abe, Sai-Ching J Yeung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Cardio-oncology and emergency medicine are closely collaborative, as many cardiac events in cancer patients require evaluation and treatment in the emergency department (ED). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a common treatment for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). However, the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from ICIs can be clinically significant.

Methods: We reviewed and analyzed cardiovascular diagnoses among HNC patients who received ICI during the period April 1, 2016-December 31, 2020 in a large tertiary cancer center. Demographics, clinical and cancer-related data were abstracted, and billing databases were queried for cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related diagnosis using International Classification …

Examining Psychometric Properties Of The Metacognitions About Smoking Questionnaire Among Young E-Cigarette Users, Aslesha Sumbe, Robert Suchting, Baojiang Chen, Anna V Wilkinson, Bara Bataineh, Stephanie L Clendennen, Melissa B Harrell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Metacognition can be understood as 'cognition of cognition' or 'thinking about thinking'. Metacognition research has primarily focused on cigarette smoking, while e-cigarette use has been relatively unexplored. The study sought to examine the properties of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ), as it was adapted for use among adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users. Further, the study sought to examine the ability of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ) to predict past 30-day e-cigarette use among adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users.

Methods: The study analyzed data collected by the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance System (TATAMS) in …

Real-World Efficacy And Safety Of Amivantamab For Egfr-Mutant Nsclc, Kaiwen Wang, Robyn Du, Nathaniel J Myall, Whitney E Lewis, Natalie Uy, Lingzhi Hong, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Lauren A Byers, Anne Tsao, Tina Cascone, Jenny Pozadzides, Janet Tu, Marcelo V Negrao, Don L Gibbons, Keunchil Park, Waree Rinsurongkawong, J Jack Lee, David Gandara, Deepti Behl, Catherine A Shu, Jonathan W Riess, Christina Baik, Heather A Wakelee, Ara A Vaporciyan, John V Heymach, Jianjun Zhang, Xiuning Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Amivantamab-vmjw (amivantamab) is a bispecific EGFR/MET antibody approved for patients with advanced NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, after prior therapy. Nevertheless, the benefits and safety of amivantamab in other EGFR-mutant lung cancer, with or without osimertinib, and with concurrent radiation therapy, are less known.

Methods: We queried the MD Anderson Lung Cancer GEMINI, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Stanford Cancer Center's database for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with amivantamab, not on a clinical trial. The data analyzed included initial response, duration of treatment, and concomitant radiation safety in …

A Generalized Calibrated Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Approach To Basket Trials With Multiple Endpoints, Xiaohan Chi, Ying Yuan, Zhangsheng Yu, Ruitao Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A basket trial simultaneously evaluates a treatment in multiple cancer subtypes, offering an effective way to accelerate the drug development in multiple indications. Many basket trials are designed and monitored based on a single efficacy endpoint, primarily the tumor response. For molecular targeted or immunotherapy agents, however, a single efficacy endpoint cannot adequately characterize the treatment effect. It is increasingly important to use more complex endpoints to comprehensively assess the risk–benefit profile of such targeted therapies. We extend the calibrated Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach (Chu and Yuan, 2018a) to monitor phase II basket trials with multiple endpoints. We …

Techniques In Medicine: Ipsilateral Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection In Bertolotti’S Syndrome, Peter D Vu, Christopher L Robinson, Omar Viswanath, Ivan Urits, Jamal Hasoon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bertolotti's syndrome, also known as lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, is a relatively rare spinal condition characterized by an anatomical variation in the lower spine. Conservative approaches such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications and lifestyle modifications may be recommended for mild cases. In more severe cases or when conservative measures fail to provide relief, injections such as may be considered to alleviate pain. This case is unique in that we document a challenging technique of ipsilateral transforaminal epidural steroid injection in a patient with Bertolotti's syndrome.

Neutrophils And Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Cause Vascular Occlusion And Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage In Mice, Hussein A Zeineddine, Sung-Ha Hong, Pedram Peesh, Ari Dienel, Kiara Torres, Peeyush Thankamani Pandit, Kanako Matsumura, Shuning Huang, Wen Li, Anjali Chauhan, John P Hagan, Sean P Marrelli, Louise D Mccullough, Spiros L Blackburn, Jaroslaw Aronowski, Devin W Mcbride

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: After subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), neutrophils are deleterious and contribute to poor outcomes. Neutrophils can produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) after ischemic stroke. Our hypothesis was that, after SAH, neutrophils contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and worse outcomes via cerebrovascular occlusion by NETs.

Methods: SAH was induced via endovascular perforation, and SAH mice were given either a neutrophil-depleting antibody, a PAD4 (peptidylarginine deiminase 4) inhibitor (to prevent NETosis), DNAse-I (to degrade NETs), or a vehicle control. Mice underwent daily neurological assessment until day 7 and then euthanized for quantification of intravascular brain NETs (iNETs). Subsets of mice were used …

Oxidation Of Hydrogen Sulfide To Polysulfide And Thiosulfate By A Carbon Nanozyme: Therapeutic Implications With An Emphasis On Down Syndrome, Paul J Derry, Anton V Liopo, Karthik Mouli, Emily A Mchugh, Anh T T Vo, Ann Mckelvey, Larry J Suva, Gang Wu, Yan Gao, Kenneth R Olson, James M Tour, Thomas A Kent

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a noxious, potentially poisonous, but necessary gas produced from sulfur metabolism in humans. In Down Syndrome (DS), the production of H2S is elevated and associated with degraded mitochondrial function. Therefore, removing H2S from the body as a stable oxide could be an approach to reducing the deleterious effects of H2S in DS. In this report we describe the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to polysulfides (HS2+n−) and thiosulfate (S2O32−) by poly(ethylene glycol) hydrophilic carbon clusters (PEG-HCCs) and poly(ethylene glycol) oxidized activated charcoal (PEG-OACs), examples of oxidized carbon nanozymes (OCNs). We show that OCNs oxidize H2S …

Assessment Of Patient Perceptions Of Artificial Intelligence Use In Dermatology: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Alexander Wu, Madeline Ngo, Cristina Thomas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has grown in recent decades, with deep neural networks demonstrating accuracies comparable to dermatologists when classifying melanoma, keratinocyte carcinomas, and other common skin conditions. 1 , 2 , 3 With the future possibility that AI will be integrated into dermatology practice, it is important to understand how patients view these possible changes. Although prior studies have shown that patients are open to the use of AI in the diagnosis of skin cancer, little is known about patients' trust and perception of AI accuracy in general dermatology. 4 , 5 This survey study …

Lenalidomide In The Treatment Of Anti-Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy: A Phase 1 Study To Identify The Maximum Tolerated Dose., Amro M Stino, Naresh Bumma, Rachel Smith, Long Davalos, Jeff Allen, Jing Christine Ye, Matthew Pianko, Erica Campagnaro, Cassandra Fierro, Abdelrahman Awad, Ben Murdock, Maciej Pietrzak, Gerard Loszanski, David M Kline, Yvonne Efebera, Bakri Elsheikh

Neuroscience Articles

BACKGROUND: Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) neuropathy is a debilitating demyelinating polyneuropathy with no approved therapies. Our primary objective was to ascertain lenalidomide safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in anti-MAG neuropathy.

METHODS: This phase 1b, open-label, single-arm, dose-finding trial was conducted from 2019 through 2022. The original design included a dose-escalation/extension phase followed by a dose-expansion phase. Three doses of lenalidomide were evaluated: 10, 15, and 25 mg. The main outcome was the MTD.

RESULTS: Eleven patients enrolled (10 men), with a mean age of 67.6 years (SD = 6.18, range 58-77 years) and mean disease duration of 8.5 years (SD …

Anchor: Melflufen Plus Dexamethasone And Daratumumab Or Bortezomib In Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Final Results Of A Phase I/Iia Study., Enrique M Ocio, Yvonne A Efebera, Roman Hájek, Jan Straub, Vladimir Maisnar, Jean-Richard Eveillard, Lionel Karlin, María-Victoria Mateos, Albert Oriol, Vincent Ribrag, Paul G Richardson, Stefan Norin, Jakob Obermüller, Nicolaas A Bakker, Luděk Pour

Oncology Articles

Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen), a first-in-class, alkylating peptide-drug conjugate, demonstrated clinical benefit in combination with dexamethasone in triple-class refractory multiple myeloma (MM). The phase I/IIa ANCHOR study evaluated melflufen (30 or 40 mg) and dexamethasone (40 mg with daratumumab; 20 mg followed by 40 mg with bortezomib; dose reduced if aged ≥75 years) in triplet combination with daratumumab (16 mg/kg; daratumumab arm) or bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2; bortezomib arm) in patients with relapsed/refractory MM refractory to an immunomodulatory agent and/or a proteasome inhibitor and who had received one to four prior lines of therapy. Primary objectives were to determine the optimal dose …

Treatment Outcomes With Standard Of Care In Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Data Analysis, Andrew Ip, Alex Mutebi, Tongsheng Wang, Monika Jun, Anupama Kalsekar, Fernando Rivas Navarro, Anthony Wang, Rajesh Kamalakar, Mariana Sacchi, Brian Elliott

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Despite new therapies for relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), treatments with chemotherapy, single-agent rituximab/obinutuzumab, single-agent lenalidomide, or combinations of these agents continue to be commonly used.

METHODS: This retrospective study utilized longitudinal data from 4226 real-world electronic health records to characterize outcomes in patients with R/R DLBCL. Eligible patients were diagnosed with DLBCL between January 2010 and March 2022 and had R/R disease treated with ≥ 1 prior systemic line of therapy (LOT), including ≥ 1 anti-CD20-containing regimen.

RESULTS: A total of 573 patients treated with ≥ 1 prior LOT were included (31.2% and 13.4% …

Association Of Timely Comprehensive Genomic Profiling With Precision Oncology Treatment Use And Patient Outcomes In Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Jeff Yorio, Katherine T Lofgren, Jessica K Lee, Khaled Tolba, Geoffrey R Oxnard, Alexa B Schrock, Richard S P Huang, Lorraine Brisbin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Timely biomarker testing remains out of reach for many patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). Here, we studied the quality-of-care implications of closing the gap in timely receipt of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) to inform first-line (1L) decisions.

METHODS: Using a real-world clinicogenomic database, we studied testing and 1L treatment patterns in aNSCLC after the approval of pembrolizumab in combination with pemetrexed and carboplatin (May 10, 2017). To estimate the association of timely CGP results with therapy selection and patient outcomes, we identified patients with no previous genomic testing beyond PD-L1 immunohistochemistry and dichotomized patients by whether CGP …

Reliability And Validity Of The Promis-29 Health Profile In Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mark C Hwang, Cynthia Bell, Yvette Farran, Alexis Ogdie, Charles Green, John Reveille

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29-Item Health Profile (PROMIS-29) is a generic measure of health-related quality of life that is not well-studied in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) patients. Our objective was to investigate the reliability and validity of the PROMIS-29 in AS. About 169 consecutive AS patients were enrolled from 2017 to 2022 with 167/169 patients fully completing the PROMIS-29 in this cross-sectional study. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Cronbach alpha, respectively. We studied structural validity with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of our hypothesized and general population models. We evaluated model fit …

Revisiting Delusion Subtypes In Schizophrenia Based On Their Underlying Structures, Andrew D Van Der Vaart, Yizhou Ma, Joshua Chiappelli, Heather Bruce, Mark D Kvarta, Alia Warner, Xiaoming Du, Bhim M Adhikari, Hemalatha Sampath, Peter Kochunov, L Elliot Hong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A clear understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and related spectrum disorders has been limited by clinical heterogeneity. We investigated whether relative severity and predominance of one or more delusion subtypes might yield clinically differentiable patient profiles. Patients (N = 286) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) completed the 21-item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21). We performed factor analysis followed by k-means clustering to identify delusion factors and patient subtypes. Patients were further assessed via the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Brief Negative Symptom Scale, Digit Symbol and Digit Substitution tasks, use of cannabis and tobacco, and stressful life events. The …

Decreasing Polypharmacy In Older Adults With Cancer: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial Protocol, Erika Ramsdale, Mostafa Mohamed, Holly M Holmes, Lisa Zubkoff, Jessica Bauer, Sally A Norton, Supriya Mohile

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Polypharmacy is prevalent in older adults with cancer and associated with multiple adverse outcomes. A single-site, cluster-randomized clinical trial will enroll older adults with cancer and polypharmacy starting chemotherapy and will assess the effectiveness and feasibility of deprescribing interventions by comparing two arms: a pharmacist-led deprescribing intervention and a patient educational brochure.

Materials and methods: The study will be conducted in two phases. In phase I, focus groups and semi-structured individual interviews will guide adaptation of deprescribing interventions for the oncology clinic (phase Ia), and eight patients will undergo the pharmacist-led deprescribing intervention with iterative adaptations (phase Ib). In …

First Pass Effect As An Independent Predictor Of Functional Outcomes In Medium Vessel Occlusions: An Analysis Of An International Multicenter Study, Răzvan Alexandru Radu, Vincent Costalat, Robert Fahed, Sherief Ghozy, James E Siegler, Hamza Shaikh, Jane Khalife, Mohamad Abdalkader, Piers Klein, Thanh N Nguyen, Jeremy J Heit, Ahmad Sweid, Kareem El Naamani, Robert W Regenhardt, Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro, Nicole M Cancelliere, Abdelaziz Amllay, Lukas Meyer, Anne Dusart, Flavio Bellante, Géraud Forestier, Aymeric Rouchaud, Suzana Saleme, Charbel Mounayer, Jens Fiehler, Anna Luisa Kühn, Ajit S Puri, Christian Dyzmann, Peter T Kan, Marco Colasurdo, Gaultier Marnat, Jérôme Berge, Xavier Barreau, Igor Sibon, Simona Nedelcu, Nils Henninger, Maéva Kyheng, Thomas R Marotta, Christopher J Stapleton, James D Rabinov, Takahiro Ota, Shogo Dofuku, Leonard Ll Yeo, Benjamin Yq Tan, Juan Carlos Martinez-Gutierrez, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Sunil Sheth, Leonardo Renieri, Carolina Capirossi, Ashkan Mowla, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Pascal Jabbour, Priyank Khandelwal, Arundhati Biswas, Frédéric Clarençon, Mahmoud Elhorany, Kevin Premat, Iacopo Valente, Alessandro Pedicelli, João Pedro Filipe, Ricardo Varela, Miguel Quintero-Consuegra, Nestor R Gonzalez, Markus A Möhlenbruch, Jessica Jesser, Illario Tancredi, Adrien Ter Schiphorst, Vivek Yedavalli, Pablo Harker, Lina M Chervak, Yasmin Aziz, Benjamin Gory, Christian Paul Stracke, Constantin Hecker, Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer, Christoph J Griessenauer, Ajith J Thomas, Cheng-Yang Hsieh, David S Liebeskind, Andrea M Alexandre, Tobias D Faizy, Charlotte Weyland, Aman B Patel, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Boris Lubicz, Adam A Dmytriw, Adrien Guenego

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: First pass effect (FPE), achievement of complete recanalization (mTICI 2c/3) with a single pass, is a significant predictor of favorable outcomes for endovascular treatment (EVT) in large vessel occlusion stroke (LVO). However, data concerning the impact on functional outcomes and predictors of FPE in medium vessel occlusions (MeVO) are scarce.

Patients and methods: We conducted an international retrospective study on MeVO cases. Multivariable logistic modeling was used to establish independent predictors of FPE. Clinical and safety outcomes were compared between the two study groups (FPE vs non-FPE) using logistic regression models. Good outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale …

Breastfeeding Initiation, Duration, And Associated Factors Among People With Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Jennifer L Grasch, Jessica A De Voest, George R Saade, Brenna L Hughes, Uma M Reddy, Maged M Costantine, Edward K Chien, Alan T N Tita, John M Thorp, Torri D Metz, Ronald J Wapner, Vishakha Sabharwal, Hyagriv N Simhan, Geeta K Swamy, Kent D Heyborne, Baha M Sibai, William A Grobman, Yasser Y El-Sayed, Brian M Casey, Samuel Parry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development (Nichd) Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (Mfmu) Network

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To characterize breastfeeding behaviors and identify factors associated with breastfeeding initiation among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational cohort of pregnant people with singleton gestations and HCV seropositivity. This analysis includes individuals with data on breastfeeding initiation and excludes those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. The primary outcome was self-reported initiation of breastfeeding or provision of expressed breast milk. Secondary outcomes included duration of breastfeeding. Demographic and obstetric characteristics were compared between those who initiated breastfeeding and those who did not to identify associated factors. Univariable and …

Psoas Abscess In A Snowboarder: A Musculoskeletal Manifestation Of Crohn's Disease, Garrett S Dennis, Rod J Turner, Rehal A Bhojani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of A Clinic-Based, Electronic Social Determinants Of Health Screening And Intervention In Primary Care Pediatrics, Kaitlyn Stark, Mallika Mathur, Christina Fok, Yen-Chi Le, Ethan T Hunt, Jacee Mccoy, Shadhi Mansoori, Nancy Ukoh, Sydney Keatts, Erika Fanous, Rachel Eisenhauer, Sandra Mckay

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly affect individuals' health outcomes, yet universal electronic SDOH screening is not standard in primary care. Our study explores the implementation of an electronic SDOH screening in the electronic health record (EHR) and follow-up intervention among primary care pediatric patients within an academic clinic.

Methods: Beginning in August of 2022, patients and their families determined to have at least one SDOH need qualified for an in-clinic referral to a coordinated care team member. We assessed the overall efficacy and feasibility of the implementation.

Results: Over the 4-month pilot, 1473 of 2064 (71.4%) eligible patients …

Obstetric Racism, Education, And Racial Concordance, Terri L Major-Kincade

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The United States holds the distinction of being the developed country with the worst perinatal outcomes despite spending the most per capita on health care. Black women are three to four times more likely than White women to experience adverse birth outcomes. These outcomes persist despite access to prenatal care, insurance, and college education. A long overdue racial reckoning has arrived, beginning with acknowledging the fallacy of race-based medicine and the role of enduring systemic racism as foundational to obstetric racism in the reproductive lives of Black women. Centering voices of Black women and honoring their lived experiences are essential …

Attitudes On Artificial Intelligence Use In Pediatric Care From Parents Of Hospitalized Children, Lauren C Haley, Alexandra K Boyd, Nutan B Hebballi, Eric W Reynolds, Keely G Smith, Peter T Scully, Thao L Nguyen, Elmer V Bernstam, Linda T Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) may benefit pediatric healthcare, but it also raises ethical and pragmatic questions. Parental support is important for the advancement of AI in pediatric medicine. However, there is little literature describing parental attitudes toward AI in pediatric healthcare, and existing studies do not represent parents of hospitalized children well.

Methods: We administered the Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Healthcare, a validated survey, to parents of hospitalized children in a single tertiary children's hospital. Surveys were administered by trained study personnel (11/2/2021-5/1/2022). Demographic data were collected. An Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Healthcare score, assessing openness …

Secular Trends In Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management In Infants Born Preterm In The National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Neonatal Research Network, Dinushan C Kaluarachchi, Matthew A Rysavy, Benjamin A Carper, Valerie Y Chock, Matthew M Laughon, Carl H Backes, Tarah T Colaizy, Edward F Bell, Patrick J Mcnamara

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We evaluated changes in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) diagnosis and treatment from 2012 through 2021 in a network of US academic hospitals. PDA treatment decreased among infants born at 26-28 weeks but not among infants born at 22-25 weeks. Rates of indomethacin use and PDA ligation decreased while acetaminophen use and transcatheter PDA closure increased.

Examining Full-Time Academic General Pediatric Faculty Compensation By Gender, Race, And Ethnicity: 2020-2021, Emma A Omoruyi, Callie L Brown, Colin J Orr, Kimberly Montez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: In medicine, women have lower lifetime earnings than men. To our knowledge, an in-depth examination of academic general pediatric faculty compensation by gender, race, and ethnicity has not been conducted. We aimed to 1) explore full-time academic general pediatric faculty salary differences by race and ethnicity; 2) explore these differences among all full-time pediatric faculty.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using data on median full-time academic general pediatric faculty compensation for the academic year of 2020-2021 from the Association of American Medical Colleges Medical School Faculty Salary Survey report. Pearson's chi-square tests were used to evaluate the association …

Selective Degradation Of Pl2l60 By Metabolic Stresses-Induced Autophagy Suppresses Multi-Cancer Growth, Lei Sun, Fu Hui, Gao-Yan Tang, Hai-Lian Shen, Xue-Lei Cao, Jian-Xin Gao, Lin-Feng Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

It has been reported that PL2L60 proteins, a product of PIWIL2 gene which might be activated by an intragenic promoter, could mediate a common pathway specifically for tumorigenesis. In the present study, it was further identified by using western blot assay that the PL2L60 proteins could be degraded in cancer cells through a mechanism of selective autophagy in response to oxidative stress. The PL2L60 was downregulated in various types of cancer cells under the hypoxic condition independently of HIF-1α, resulting in apoptosis of cancer cells. Inhibition of autophagy by small interfering RNA targeting of either Beclin-1 (BECN1) or …

Channel Gating In Kalium Channelrhodopsin Slow Mutants, Oleg A Sineshchekov, Elena G Govorunova, Hai Li, Yumei Wang, John L Spudich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Kalium channelrhodopsin 1 from Hyphochytrium catenoides (HcKCR1) is the first discovered natural light-gated ion channel that shows higher selectivity to K+ than to Na+ and therefore is used to silence neurons with light (optogenetics). Replacement of the conserved cysteine residue in the transmembrane helix 3 (Cys110) with alanine or threonine results in a >1,000-fold decrease in the channel closing rate. The phenotype of the corresponding mutants in channelrhodopsin 2 is attributed to breaking of a specific interhelical hydrogen bond (the “DC gate”). Unlike CrChR2 and other ChRs with long distance “DC gates”, the HcKCR1 structure does …

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Pre-Existing Covid-19 Vulnerability Factors In Lung Cancer Patients, Wendao Liu, Wenbo Li, Zhongming Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cancer are major health threats, and individuals may develop both simultaneously. Recent studies have indicated that patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we collected single-cell RNA-sequencing data from COVID-19, lung adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma patients, and normal lungs to perform an integrated analysis. We characterized altered cell populations, gene expression, and dysregulated intercellular communication in diseases. Our analysis identified pathologic conditions shared by COVID-19 and lung cancer, including upregulated TMPRSS2 expression in epithelial cells, stronger inflammatory responses …

Safety, Efficacy And Determinants Of Response Of Allogeneic Cd19-Specific Car-Nk Cells In Cd19+ B Cell Tumors: A Phase 1/2 Trial, David Marin, Ye Li, Rafet Basar, Hind Rafei, May Daher, Jinzhuang Dou, Vakul Mohanty, Merve Dede, Yago Nieto, Nadima Uprety, Sunil Acharya, Enli Liu, Jeffrey Wilson, Pinaki Banerjee, Homer A Macapinlac, Christina Ganesh, Peter F Thall, Roland Bassett, Mariam Ammari, Sheetal Rao, Kai Cao, Mayra Shanley, Mecit Kaplan, Chitra Hosing, Partow Kebriaei, Loretta J Nastoupil, Christopher R Flowers, Sadie Mae Moseley, Paul Lin, Sonny Ang, Uday R Popat, Muzaffar H Qazilbash, Richard E Champlin, Ken Chen, Elizabeth J Shpall, Katayoun Rezvani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There is a pressing need for allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-immune cell therapies that are safe, effective and affordable. We conducted a phase 1/2 trial of cord blood-derived natural killer (NK) cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor and interleukin-15 (CAR19/IL-15) in 37 patients with CD19+ B cell malignancies. The primary objectives were safety and efficacy, defined as day 30 overall response (OR). Secondary objectives included day 100 response, progression-free survival, overall survival and CAR19/IL-15 NK cell persistence. No notable toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity or graft-versus-host disease were observed. The day 30 and day 100 OR rates were …

Migraines, Vasomotor Symptoms, And Cardiovascular Disease In The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults Study, Catherine Kim, Pamela J Schreiner, Zhe Yin, Rachael Whitney, Stephen Sidney, Imo Ebong, Deborah A Levine

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To examine whether vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and migraine headaches, hypothesized to be vasoactive conditions, are associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events including strokes.

Methods: We performed a secondary data analysis of a subset of women (n = 1,954) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a population-based cohort, which began data collection at 18 to 30 y of age. We examined whether migraine headaches and VMS trajectories (characterized as minimal, increasing, and persistent) at CARDIA year 15 examination were associated with higher risk of CVD events and stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) …