Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicine and Health Sciences Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 301 - 313 of 313

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Models Representing Type I And Type Ii Human Endometrial Cancers: Ishikawa H And Hec50co Cells, L. Albitar, G. Pickett, M. Morgan, S. Davies, Kimberly Leslie Feb 2013

Models Representing Type I And Type Ii Human Endometrial Cancers: Ishikawa H And Hec50co Cells, L. Albitar, G. Pickett, M. Morgan, S. Davies, Kimberly Leslie

Kimberly K. Leslie

OBJECTIVE: Endometrial cancer models are critical to the advancement of investigation, and Ishikawa H and Hec50co cells have been used as research tools. The purpose of these studies is to verify the degree to which these commonly used cell models share the molecular characteristics of the two major in vivo endometrial cancer subtypes, I and II. METHODS: The studies reported include an analysis of pathologic features, tumor suppressor mutations, detailed karyotyping, and cell cycle regulation. RESULTS: Ishikawa H cells are hormone responsive and have lost PTEN expression. In addition they have lost RB1 expression due to a deletion in exon …


Knockdown Of Mtdh Sensitizes Endometrial Cancer Cells To Cell Death Induction By Death Receptor Ligand Trail And Hdac Inhibitor Lbh589 Co-Treatment, Xiangbing Meng, Pavla Brachova, Shujie Yang, Zhi Xiong, Yuping Zhang, Khristina Thiel, Kimberly Leslie Feb 2013

Knockdown Of Mtdh Sensitizes Endometrial Cancer Cells To Cell Death Induction By Death Receptor Ligand Trail And Hdac Inhibitor Lbh589 Co-Treatment, Xiangbing Meng, Pavla Brachova, Shujie Yang, Zhi Xiong, Yuping Zhang, Khristina Thiel, Kimberly Leslie

Kimberly K. Leslie

Understanding the molecular underpinnings of chemoresistance is vital to design therapies to restore chemosensitivity. In particular, metadherin (MTDH) has been demonstrated to have a critical role in chemoresistance. Over-expression of MTDH correlates with poor clinical outcome in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer. MTDH is also highly expressed in advanced endometrial cancers, a disease for which new therapies are urgently needed. In this present study, we focused on the therapeutic benefit of MTDH depletion in endometrial cancer cells to restore sensitivity to cell death. Cells were treated with a combination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which …


Oral Contraceptives And Skin Cancer: Is There A Link?, Kimberly Leslie, E. Espey Feb 2013

Oral Contraceptives And Skin Cancer: Is There A Link?, Kimberly Leslie, E. Espey

Kimberly K. Leslie

The skin expresses estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors. In the presence of steroid hormones, such as those contained in oral contraceptives, the skin likely responds to hormonal signals that control the cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA replication, and other cellular functions. Some estrogen-responsive pathways have the potential to promote tumor development, including the augmentation of epidermal growth factor signaling, the expression of proto-oncogenes, and inhibition of apoptosis. The question of whether oral contraceptives increase the risk for the development of skin cancer, particularly melanoma, is still an area of concern. This paper reviews the available evidence, the bulk of which suggests …


Endometrial Cancer, Kimberly Leslie, K. W. Thiel, Michael Goodheart, Koen De Geest, Y. Jia, S. Yang Feb 2013

Endometrial Cancer, Kimberly Leslie, K. W. Thiel, Michael Goodheart, Koen De Geest, Y. Jia, S. Yang

Kimberly K. Leslie

Despite the questions and barriers, the incorporation of molecular therapy into treatment regimens in endometrial cancer is an exciting area of investigation with the potential to improve outcomes. Outside of the development of a reliable screening test for endometrial cancer, converting the disease to a chronic state and improving progression-free survival is our best hope to reverse the concerning trend of decreasing 5-year survival for this disease.


Amifostine Enhancement Of The Anti-Cancer Effects Of Paclitaxel In Endometrial Cancer Is Tp53-Dependent, W. Luo, F. Wu, R. Elmaoued, B. Beck, E. Fischer, Xiangbing Meng, Kimberly Leslie, Donghai Dai Feb 2013

Amifostine Enhancement Of The Anti-Cancer Effects Of Paclitaxel In Endometrial Cancer Is Tp53-Dependent, W. Luo, F. Wu, R. Elmaoued, B. Beck, E. Fischer, Xiangbing Meng, Kimberly Leslie, Donghai Dai

Kimberly K. Leslie

Endometrial cancer (ECa) is the fourth most common malignancy in women. Currently, there is no effective therapy for advanced and recurrent cancer. Among the poor-outcome endometrial cancers, there is a high frequency of TP53 mutations. We have previously reported that amifostine has a direct anti-cancer effect and has a significant synergistic effect with paclitaxel when used in endometrial cancer cell and xenograft models. In this report, using a cell line with knock-down p53 expression through siRNA, we found that amifostine enhancement of paclitaxel's anticancer effect is p53 status-dependent. Amifostine promotes entry into the G2-M phase through regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase-1 …


An Exploratory Study Of The Variables Impacting Preterm Birth Rates In New Mexico, K. Gwin, R. Schrader, K. Peters, A. Moreno, K. Thiel, Kimberly Leslie Feb 2013

An Exploratory Study Of The Variables Impacting Preterm Birth Rates In New Mexico, K. Gwin, R. Schrader, K. Peters, A. Moreno, K. Thiel, Kimberly Leslie

Kimberly K. Leslie

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth (PTB) is a substantial health problem that accounts for significant infant morbidity and mortality and poses an economic burden to both individuals and the state of residence. The goal of this study was to identify maternal risk factors for PTB in New Mexico, a poor state with a unique ethnic background, in order to identify populations at increased risk that would benefit from intervention. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional retrospective exploratory analysis of 377,770 singleton live births in the state of New Mexico from 1991-2005. Gestational age of less than 37 weeks was defined as PTB. The …


Breast Cancer And Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Lange Feb 2013

Breast Cancer And Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Lange

Kimberly K. Leslie

This article addresses a challenging diagnostic and treatment dilemma encountered in the care of pregnant women-breast cancer. The treatment of a breast cancer is significantly affected by an ongoing pregnancy and may result in an increased risk for a poor outcome in the mother. The definition, incidence, mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer associated with pregnancy and the normal physiologic and endocrine changes in the breast during pregnancy that contribute to the difficulty encountered by practitioners in diagnosing and treating the disorder are reviewed. The risks associated with pregnancy after breast cancer treatment and the effect of pregnancy on …


Chemotherapeutic Drugs In Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Koil, W. Rayburn Feb 2013

Chemotherapeutic Drugs In Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Koil, W. Rayburn

Kimberly K. Leslie

Chemotherapy may be indicated for the treatment of cancer during pregnancy. The decision to use chemotherapy significantly impacts the pregnancy, and in turn the pregnancy may affect the treatment options available to patients with cancer. This review provides information about the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in pregnancy, taking into account both the mother and the fetus. For convenience, the agents are divided into categories based upon class and mechanism of action. These include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, nucleoside analogs, topoisomerase I inhibitors, topisomerase II inhibitors, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, and biologics such as signaling and growth factor blocking agents.


Chronic Hepatitis C In Pregnancy, E. Berkley, Kimberly Leslie, S. Arora, C. Qualls, J. Dunkelberg Feb 2013

Chronic Hepatitis C In Pregnancy, E. Berkley, Kimberly Leslie, S. Arora, C. Qualls, J. Dunkelberg

Kimberly K. Leslie

OBJECTIVE: To estimate outcomes, to determine whether appropriate follow-up was performed for pregnant patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and to show that maternal and neonatal complications would be higher in the HCV-positive group. METHODS: We compared pregnant women from a drug dependence and treatment program who were HCV antibody-positive with those who were HCV antibody-negative using the University of New Mexico Perinatal Database. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated, including cholestasis of pregnancy, preterm birth, low birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and neonatal methadone withdrawal. Variables were compared using Student t, Fisher exact, and chi(2) tests. RESULTS: …


Consequences Of The Loss Of P53, Rb1, And Pten: Relationship To Gefitinib Resistance In Endometrial Cancer, L. Albitar, M. Carter, S. Davies, Kimberly Leslie Feb 2013

Consequences Of The Loss Of P53, Rb1, And Pten: Relationship To Gefitinib Resistance In Endometrial Cancer, L. Albitar, M. Carter, S. Davies, Kimberly Leslie

Kimberly K. Leslie

OBJECTIVE: These studies demonstrate how loss of function mutations or downregulation of key tumor suppressors missing from type I and type II endometrial cancer cells contributes to carcinogenesis and to resistance to the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib (ZD1839). METHODS: Cell models devoid of tumor suppressors PTEN and RB1 or PTEN were studied. PTEN, RB1 and p53 expression was reinstated, and the effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulators were evaluated. RESULTS: In Ishikawa H cells that model type I endometrial cancer in the loss of PTEN and RB1, re-expressing PTEN and RB1 increased the apoptotic and G1 phases and …


The Effect Of Work Shift And Sleep Duration On Various Aspects Of Police Officers' Health, Sandra Ramey, Elena Perkhounkova, M. Moon, L. Budde, H. Tseng, M. Clark Jan 2013

The Effect Of Work Shift And Sleep Duration On Various Aspects Of Police Officers' Health, Sandra Ramey, Elena Perkhounkova, M. Moon, L. Budde, H. Tseng, M. Clark

Elena Perkhounkova

Police officers are prone to cardiovascular disease, overweight, and obesity. Because night-shift work affects sleep, a modifiable risk factor linked to chronic disease, the researchers explored the relationship among shift work, sleep, and wellness for police officers. Sleep, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, stress, fatigue, and body mass index were used to compare officers who worked primarily day shifts to those who worked primarily evening or night shifts, and officers who slept less than 6 hours per day to those who slept at least 6 hours per day. A cross-sectional study of 85 male officers, 20 to 63 years old, was …


Differences In Cervical Cytologic And Histologic Findings Between Women Using Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate And Oral Contraceptives, Mary Clark, C. Stockdale, L. Railsback, S. Nichols Jan 2013

Differences In Cervical Cytologic And Histologic Findings Between Women Using Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate And Oral Contraceptives, Mary Clark, C. Stockdale, L. Railsback, S. Nichols

M. Kathleen Clark

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare cervical cytologic and histologic findings between women using depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and oral contraceptives (OCs) referred for colposcopy and to determine whether there were differences in the occurrence of false-positive cytologic finding between the 2 contraceptive groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort of 1,569 premenopausal women using either DMPA or OC who were evaluated for abnormal cervical cytologic findings. Cytologic and histologic data were collected in conjunction with routine gynecologic examinations or follow-up colposcopic evaluations. chi2 tests were used to determine differences in cervical cytologic and histologic findings and the proportion of false-positive results …


The Effect Of Work Shift And Sleep Duration On Various Aspects Of Police Officers' Health, Sandra Ramey, Elena Perkhounkova, M. Moon, L. Budde, H. Tseng, M. Clark Jan 2013

The Effect Of Work Shift And Sleep Duration On Various Aspects Of Police Officers' Health, Sandra Ramey, Elena Perkhounkova, M. Moon, L. Budde, H. Tseng, M. Clark

M. Kathleen Clark

Police officers are prone to cardiovascular disease, overweight, and obesity. Because night-shift work affects sleep, a modifiable risk factor linked to chronic disease, the researchers explored the relationship among shift work, sleep, and wellness for police officers. Sleep, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, stress, fatigue, and body mass index were used to compare officers who worked primarily day shifts to those who worked primarily evening or night shifts, and officers who slept less than 6 hours per day to those who slept at least 6 hours per day. A cross-sectional study of 85 male officers, 20 to 63 years old, was …