Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Decomposing Loss Aversion From Gaze Allocation And Pupil Dilation, Feng Sheng, Arjun Ramakrishnan, Darsol Seok, Wenjia Joyce Zhao, Samuel Thelaus, Puti Cen, Michael Louis Platt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Loss-averse decisions, in which one avoids losses at the expense of gains, are highly prevalent. However, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. The prevailing account highlights a valuation bias that overweighs losses relative to gains, but an alternative view stresses a response bias to avoid choices involving potential losses. Here we couple a computational process model with eye-tracking and pupillometry to develop a physiologically grounded framework for the decision process leading to accepting or rejecting gambles with equal odds of winning and losing money. Overall, loss-averse decisions were accompanied by preferential gaze toward losses and increased pupil dilation for accepting gambles. …

Characteristics Of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections At A Midwestern Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Study Of 365 Patients., Claire E Hannah, Bradley A Ford, Jina Chung, Dilek Ince, Karolyn A Wanat

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Background: The prevalence of infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is increasing worldwide, yet little is known about the epidemiology and pathophysiology of these ubiquitous environmental organisms. Pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium avium complex is most prevalent, but many other NTM species can cause disease in virtually any organ system. As NTM becomes an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality, more information is needed about the epidemiology of NTM disease.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients with cultures that grew NTM at a Midwestern tertiary hospital from 1996 to 2017. Information on demographics, medical history, …

Vascular Risk Reduction In Obesity Through Reduced Granulocyte Burden And Improved Angiogenic Monocyte Content Following Bariatric Surgery., David A Hess, Justin Z Trac, Stephen A Glazer, Daniella C Terenzi, Adrian Quan, Hwee Teoh, Mohammed Al-Omran, Deepak L Bhatt, C David Mazer, Ori D Rotstein, Subodh Verma

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Bariatric surgery, in addition to the benefit of sustained weight loss, can also reduce cardiometabolic risk and mortality. Lifelong vessel maintenance is integral to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Using aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, an intracellular detoxifying enzyme present at high levels within pro-vascular progenitor cells, we observed an association between chronic obesity and "regenerative cell exhaustion" (RCE), a pathology whereby chronic assault on circulating regenerative cell types can result in adverse inflammation and diminished vessel repair. We also describe that, at 3 months following bariatric surgery, systemic inflammatory burden was reduced and pro-angiogenic macrophage precursor content was improved in subjects …

Demographic And Socioeconomic Characteristics Of Canadian Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study., Rishad Khan, Tavis Apramian, Joel Hosung Kang, Jeffrey Gustafson, Shannon Sibbald

Health Studies Publications

BACKGROUND: While the importance of medical students' demographic characteristics in influencing the scope and location of their future practice is recognized, these data are not systematically collected in Canada. This study aimed to characterize and compare the demographics of Canadian medical students with the Canadian population.

METHODS: Through an online survey, delivered in 2018, medical students at 14 English-speaking Canadian medical schools provided their age, sex, gender identity, ethnicity, educational background, and rurality of the area they grew up in. Respondents also provided information on parental income, occupation, and education as markers of socioeconomic status. Data were compared to the …

Protein-Altering Germline Mutations Implicate Novel Genes Related To Lung Cancer Development., Xuemei Ji, Semanti Mukherjee, Maria Teresa Landi, Yohan Bosse, Philippe Joubert, Dakai Zhu, Ivan Gorlov, Xiangjun Xiao, Younghun Han, Olga Gorlova, Rayjean J Hung, Yonathan Brhane, Robert Carreras-Torres, David C Christiani, Neil Caporaso, Mattias Johansson, Geoffrey Liu, Stig E Bojesen, Loic Le Marchand, Demetrios Albanes, Heike Bickeböller, Melinda C Aldrich, William S Bush, Adonina Tardon, Gad Rennert, Chu Chen, Jinyoung Byun, Konstantin H Dragnev, John K Field, Lambertus Fa Kiemeney, Philip Lazarus, Shan Zienolddiny, Stephen Lam, Matthew B Schabath, Angeline S Andrew, Pier A Bertazzi, Angela C Pesatori, Nancy Diao, Li Su, Lei Song, Ruyang Zhang, Natasha Leighl, Jakob S Johansen, Anders Mellemgaard, Walid Saliba, Christopher Haiman, Lynne Wilkens, Ana Fernandez-Somoano, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, Erik H F M Van Der Heijden, Jin Hee Kim, Michael P A Davies, Michael W Marcus, Hans Brunnström, Jonas Manjer, Olle Melander, David C Muller, Kim Overvad, Antonia Trichopoulou, Rosario Tumino, Gary E Goodman, Angela Cox, Fiona Taylor, Penella Woll, Erich Wichmann, Thomas Muley, Angela Risch, Albert Rosenberger, Kjell Grankvist, Mikael Johansson, Frances Shepherd, Ming-Sound Tsao, Susanne M Arnold, Eric B Haura, Ciprian Bolca, Ivana Holcatova, Vladimir Janout, Milica Kontic, Jolanta Lissowska, Anush Mukeria, Simona Ognjanovic, Tadeusz M Orlowski, Ghislaine Scelo, Beata Swiatkowska, David Zaridze, Per Bakke, Vidar Skaug, Lesley M Butler, Kenneth Offit, Preethi Srinivasan, Chaitanya Bandlamudi, Matthew D Hellmann, David B Solit, Mark E Robson, Charles M Rudin, Zsofia K Stadler, Barry S Taylor, Michael F Berger, Richard Houlston, John Mclaughlin, Victoria Stevens, David C Nickle, Ma'en Obeidat, Wim Timens, María Soler Artigas, Sanjay Shete, Hermann Brenner, Stephen Chanock, Paul Brennan, James D Mckay, Christopher I Amos

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Few germline mutations are known to affect lung cancer risk. We performed analyses of rare variants from 39,146 individuals of European ancestry and investigated gene expression levels in 7,773 samples. We find a large-effect association with an ATM L2307F (rs56009889) mutation in adenocarcinoma for discovery (adjusted Odds Ratio = 8.82, P = 1.18 × 10-15) and replication (adjusted OR = 2.93, P = 2.22 × 10-3) that is more pronounced in females (adjusted OR = 6.81 and 3.19 and for discovery and replication). We observe an excess loss of heterozygosity in lung tumors among ATM L2307F allele carriers. L2307F is …

Association Of Multisetting Community Programs And Policies With Child Body Mass Index: The Healthy Communities Study, Vicki L. Collie-Akers, Stephen B. Fawcett, Jerry A. Schultz, Kandace K. Fleming, Rebecca E. Swinburne Romine, Lorrene D. Ritchie, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., S Sonia Arteaga

Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION:

Expert opinion suggests that efforts to address childhood obesity should seek to transform the environments in which children operate. The objective of this study was to describe the extent to which multisetting programs and policies interact with community and child predictors and are associated with child body mass index (BMI) in the 130 US communities participating in the Healthy Communities Study.

METHODS:

For 2 years beginning in fall 2013, we collected data through key informant interviews on community programs and policies related to healthy weight among children that occurred in the 10 years before the interview. We characterized community …

Nk Cell-Derived Gm-Csf Potentiates Inflammatory Arthritis And Is Negatively Regulated By Cis, Cynthia Louis, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Yuyan Yang, Damian D'Silva, Tobias Kratina, Laura Dagley, Soroor Hediyeh-Zadeh, Jai Rautela, Seth Lucian Masters, Melissa J Davis, Jeffrey J Babon, Bogoljub Ciric, Eric Vivier, Warren S Alexander, Nicholas D Huntington, Ian P Wicks

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Despite increasing recognition of the importance of GM-CSF in autoimmune disease, it remains unclear how GM-CSF is regulated at sites of tissue inflammation. Using GM-CSF fate reporter mice, we show that synovial NK cells produce GM-CSF in autoantibody-mediated inflammatory arthritis. Synovial NK cells promote a neutrophilic inflammatory cell infiltrate, and persistent arthritis, via GM-CSF production, as deletion of NK cells, or specific ablation of GM-CSF production in NK cells, abrogated disease. Synovial NK cell production of GM-CSF is IL-18–dependent. Furthermore, we show that cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS) is crucial in limiting GM-CSF signaling not only during inflammatory arthritis but also …

Why Do Graduates Choose To Work In A Less Attractive Specialty? A Cross-Sectional Study On The Role Of Personal Values And Expectations, Van Anh Nguyen, Karen D. Könings, E Pamela Wright Phd, Ms, Med, Rn, Cen, Giang Bao Kim, Hoat Ngoc Luu, Albert J. Scherpbier, Jeroen J. Van Merriënboer

Publications

BACKGROUND: Primary health care (PHC), of which preventive medicine (PM) is a subspecialty, will have to cope with a deficiency of staff in the future, which makes the retention of graduates urgent. This study was conducted in Vietnam, where PM is an undergraduate degree in parallel to medical training. It aims to identify facilitating and hindering factors that impact recruitment and retention of PM graduates in the specialty. METHODS: A cross-sectional study enrolled 167 graduates who qualified as PM doctors from a Vietnamese medical school, between 2012 and 2018. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that asked participants about …

Seizure Freedom Improves Health-Related Quality Of Life After Epilepsy Surgery In Children., Puneet Jain, Mary Lou Smith, Kathy Speechley, Mark Ferro, Mary Connolly, Rajesh Ramachandrannair, Salah Almubarak, Andrea Andrade, Elysa Widjaja

Paediatrics Publications

AIM: To determine whether epilepsy surgery improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and whether seizure freedom after surgery mediated the improvement in HRQoL.

METHOD: This multicenter cohort study compared HRQoL after epilepsy surgery to pharmacological management in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). HRQoL was measured using the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy (QOLCE) questionnaire at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The mediator between treatment type and HRQoL was seizure freedom.

RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-seven patients were recruited (surgery group: n=147 [92 males, 45 females]; pharmacological group: n=90 [53 males, 37 females]). Mean age at seizure onset was 6 years …

Age At Migration And The Risk Of Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Kelly K. Anderson, Jordan Edwards

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing evidence on the association between age at migration and the risk of psychotic disorders.

METHODS: Observational studies were eligible for inclusion if they presented data on the association between age at migration and the risk of psychotic disorders among first-generation migrant groups. We used two random effects meta-analyses to pool effect estimates for each stratum of age at migration relative to (i) a native-born reference category and (ii) the youngest age stratum (0 to 2 years).

RESULTS: Ten studies met inclusion criteria, and five were included in the meta-analysis. …

Effect Of Pembrolizumab Plus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy On Pathologic Complete Response In Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: An Analysis Of The Ongoing Phase 2 Adaptively Randomized I-Spy2 Trial., Rita Nanda, Minetta C Liu, Christina Yau, Rebecca Shatsky, Lajos Pusztai, Anne Wallace, A Jo Chien, Andres Forero-Torres, Erin D Ellis, Heather Han, Amy Clark, Kathy Albain, Judy C Boughey, Nora T Jaskowiak, Anthony Elias, Claudine Isaacs, Kathleen Kemmer, Teresa Helsten, Melanie Majure, Erica Stringer-Reasor, Catherine Parker, Marie C Lee, Tufia Haddad, Ronald N Cohen, Smita Asare, Amy Wilson, Gillian L Hirst, Ruby Singhrao, Katherine Steeg, Adam Asare, Jeffrey B Matthews, Scott Berry, Ashish Sanil, Richard Schwab, W Fraser Symmans, Laura Van 'T Veer, Douglas Yee, Angela Demichele, Nola M Hylton, Michelle Melisko, Jane Perlmutter, Hope S Rugo, Donald A Berry, Laura J Esserman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Importance: Approximately 25% of patients with early-stage breast cancer who receive (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy experience a recurrence within 5 years. Improvements in therapy are greatly needed.

Objective: To determine if pembrolizumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in early-stage breast cancer is likely to be successful in a 300-patient, confirmatory randomized phase 3 neoadjuvant clinical trial.

Design, Setting, and Participants: The I-SPY2 study is an ongoing open-label, multicenter, adaptively randomized phase 2 platform trial for high-risk, stage II/III breast cancer, evaluating multiple investigational arms in parallel. Standard NACT serves as the common control arm; investigational agent(s) are added to this backbone. Patients with …

Randomized Phase Ii Study Of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy And Interleukin-2 Versus Interleukin-2 In Patients With Metastatic Melanoma., Brendan Curti, Marka R Crittenden, Steven K Seung, Christopher B Fountain, Roxanne Payne, Shuching Chang, Jessica Fleser, Kimberly Phillips, Ian Malkasian, Lyn B Dobrunick, Walter Urba

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.

METHODS: Patients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) …

Pre-Exercise Hydration Status Changes In Females Throughout The Menstrual Cycle, Kristen A. Splaine

Honors Scholar Theses

In the field of athletics, research including females is limited. Oftentimes, research that only included male subjects is generalized and is later used to incorporate guidelines for both male and female athletes. This study focused on how the menstrual cycle, a female exclusive bodily process, could change hydration status. Participants within the study were between the ages of 18 and 35 and only data from females was analyzed. The study was designed as a crossover subject trial over the span of two months. Subjects participated in a total of four trials that were divided into phase-hydration groups. Two trials were …

Perceptions Of Risk For Stress Fractures: A Qualitative Study Of Female Runners With And Without Stress Fracture Histories., Therese E Johnston, Jeremy Close, Phil Jamora, Susan F Wainwright

Department of Physical Therapy Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: To gain insight into perceived factors related to bone health and stress fracture (SF) prevention for female runners and to understand their experiences within the medical community.

DESIGN: Cohort qualitative study.

SETTING: University health system.

PARTICIPANTS: Forty female runners, 20 who had SF histories and 20 age-and-running-distance matched women without SF.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women participated in audiotaped qualitative semi-structured interviews. For women with a SF history, questions sought their perspectives on factors that they felt contributed to SF, experiences with the medical community, and changes made post SF. For women without a SF history, questions sought perspectives on …

The Β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Mirabegron Improves Glucose Homeostasis In Obese Humans, Brian S. Finlin, Hasiyet Memetimin, Beibei Zhu, Amy L. Confides, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Riham H. El Khouli, Zachary R. Johnson, Philip M. Westgate, Jianzhong Chen, Andrew J. Morris, Patrick G. Sullivan, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, Philip A. Kern

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND. Beige adipose tissue is associated with improved glucose homeostasis in mice. Adipose tissue contains β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs), and this study was intended to determine whether the treatment of obese, insulin-resistant humans with the β3-AR agonist mirabegron, which stimulates beige adipose formation in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT), would induce other beneficial changes in fat and muscle and improve metabolic homeostasis.

METHODS. Before and after β3-AR agonist treatment, oral glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic clamps were performed, and histochemical analysis and gene expression profiling were performed on fat and muscle biopsies. PET-CT scans quantified brown adipose tissue volume and …

Estrogen Receptor-Α Expressing Neurons In The Ventrolateral Vmh Regulate Glucose Balance, Yanlin He, Pingwen Xu, Chunmei Wang, Yan Xia, Meng Yu, Yongjie Yang, Kaifan Yu, Xing Cai, Na Qu, Kenji Saito, Julia Wang, Ilirjana Hyseni, Matthew Robertson, Badrajee Piyarathna, Min Gao, Sohaib A Khan, Feng Liu, Rui Chen, Cristian Coarfa, Zhongming Zhao, Qingchun Tong, Zheng Sun, Yong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Brain glucose-sensing neurons detect glucose fluctuations and prevent severe hypoglycemia, but mechanisms mediating functions of these glucose-sensing neurons are unclear. Here we report that estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vlVMH) can sense glucose fluctuations, being glucose-inhibited neurons (GI-ERαvlVMH) or glucose-excited neurons (GE-ERαvlVMH). Hypoglycemia activates GI-ERαvlVMH neurons via the anoctamin 4 channel, and inhibits GE-ERαvlVMH neurons through opening the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Further, we show that GI-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the medioposterior arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (mpARH) and GE-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the dorsal Raphe nuclei (DRN). Activation of ERαvlVMH …

No Difference In Strength And Clinical Outcome Between Early And Late Repair After Achilles Tendon Rupture, Michael R Carmont, Jennifer A Zellers, Annelie Brorsson, Karin Grävare Silbernagel, Jón Karlsson, Katarina Nilsson-Helander

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: This retrospective study aimed to determine the patient-reported and functional outcome of patients with delayed presentation, who had received no treatment until 14 days following injury of Achilles tendon rupture repaired with minimally invasive surgery and were compared with a group of sex- and age-matched patients presenting acutely. Based on the outcomes following delayed presentation reported in the literature, it was hypothesized that outcomes would be inferior for self-reported outcome, tendon elongation, heel-rise performance, ability to return to play, and complication rates than for acutely managed patients.

METHODS: Repair was performed through an incision large enough to permit mobilisation …

Characterization Of Adnexal Masses Using Contrast-Enhanced Subharmonic Imaging: A Pilot Study., Lauren J. Delaney, Priscilla Machado, Mehnoosh Torkzaban, Andrej Lyshchik, Corinne Wessner, Christine H. Kim, Md, Norman G Rosenblum, Scott D. Richard, Kirk Wallace, Flemming Forsberg

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study evaluated whether contrast-enhanced subharmonic imaging (SHI) could be used to characterize adnexal masses before surgical intervention.

METHODS: Ten women (with 12 lesions) scheduled for surgery of an ovarian mass underwent an SHI examination of their adnexal region using a modified LOGIQ E9 scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) with an endocavitary transducer, in which digital clips were acquired by pulse destruction-replenishment SHI across the lesions. Time-intensity curves were created offline to quantitatively evaluate SHI parameters (fractional tumor perfusion, peak contrast intensity, time to peak contrast enhancement, and area under the time-intensity curve), which were compared to pathologic …

Network Meta-Analysis To Compare Venaseal With Other Superficial Venous Therapies For Chronic Venous Insufficiency., Raghu Kolluri, Janice Chung, Sue Kim, Nibir Nath, Bhoomika Bajaj Bhalla, Tarun Jain, Joseph Zygmunt, Alun Davies

Heart and Vascular Articles

OBJECTIVE: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared different interventions for chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) management, but mixed comparison of these interventions is lacking. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to compare VenaSeal closure system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minn) with endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), mechanochemical ablation, sclerotherapy, and surgery for management of CVI to achieve anatomic success (complete closure of treated vein within 6 months after intervention) as the primary outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQoL; EuroQol-5 Dimension, Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire), Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), pain scores, and adverse events as secondary outcomes.

METHODS: …

Hypoglycaemia Is Reduced With Use Of Inhaled Technosphere ® Insulin Relative To Insulin Aspart In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, E R Seaquist, L Blonde, J B Mcgill, S R Heller, D M Kendall, J B Bumpass, F M Pompilio, M L Grant

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIM: To evaluate the effect of final HbA

METHODS: In the randomized, phase 3, multicentre AFFINITY-1 study, adults (N = 375) who had type 1 diabetes for ≥ 12 months and an HbA

RESULTS: Participants treated with Technosphere Insulin experienced statistically significantly fewer level 1 and 2 hypoglycaemic events and a lower incidence of level 3 hypoglycaemia than participants treated with insulin aspart. The lower rate of hypoglycaemia with Technosphere Insulin was observed across the range of end-of-treatment HbA

CONCLUSIONS: Participants using Technosphere Insulin experienced clinically non-inferior glycaemic control and lower hypoglycaemia rates across a range of HbA

Results Of The Adhere Upper Airway Stimulation Registry And Predictors Of Therapy Efficacy., Erica Thaler, Richard Schwab, Joachim Maurer, Ryan Soose, Christopher Larsen, Suzanne Stevens, Damien Stevens, Maurits Boon, Colin Huntley, Karl Doghramji, Tina Waters, Alan Kominsky, Armin Steffen, Eric Kezirian, Benedikt Hofauer, Ulrich Sommer, Kirk Withrow, Kingman Strohl, Clemens Heiser

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The ADHERE Registry is a multicenter prospective observational study following outcomes of upper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy in patients who have failed continuous positive airway pressure therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this registry and purpose of this article were to examine the outcomes of patients receiving UAS for treatment of OSA.

STUDY DESIGN: Cohort Study.

METHODS: Demographic and sleep study data collection occurred at baseline, implantation visit, post-titration (6 months), and final visit (12 months). Patient and physician reported outcomes were also collected. Post hoc univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify predictors of …

Vasopressor Treatment And Mortality Following Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Nationwide Electronic Health Record Analysis, George Williams, Vahed Maroufy, Laila Rasmy, Derek Brown, Duo Yu, Hai Zhu, Yashar Talebi, Xueying Wang, Emy Thomas, Gen Zhu, Ashraf Yaseen, Hongyu Miao, Luis Leon Novelo, Degui Zhi, Stacia M Desantis, Hongjian Zhu, Jose-Miguel Yamal, David Aguilar, Hulin Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating cerebrovascular condition, not only due to the effect of initial hemorrhage, but also due to the complication of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). While hypertension facilitated by vasopressors is often initiated to prevent DCI, which vasopressor is most effective in improving outcomes is not known. The objective of this study was to determine associations between initial vasopressor choice and mortality in patients with nontraumatic SAH.

METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using a large, national electronic medical record data set from 2000-2014 to identify patients with a new diagnosis of nontraumatic SAH …

Three-Dimensional Facial Morphology In Cantú Syndrome, Helen I Roessler, Kathleen Shields, Dorothy K Grange, Nine V A M Knoers, Gijs Van Haaften, Peter Hammond, Mieke M Van Haelst

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cantú syndrome (CS) was first described in 1982, and is caused by pathogenic variants in ABCC9 and KCNJ8 encoding regulatory and pore forming subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (K

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Falls In Adults 1 Year After Total Hip Arthroplasty For Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study, Susan W. Hunter, Pavlos Bobos, Lyndsay Somerville, James Howard, Edward M Vasarhelyi, Brent Lanting

Physical Therapy Publications

Total hip arthroplasty is very successful in alleviating the pain from osteoarthritis. However, deficits in lower limb strength, gait, and balance after surgery has identified this group at risk of falls. Considering the high number of people annually receiving a total hip arthroplasty, further elaboration of factors associated with falls is needed to refine fall prevention guidelines. The objective was to examine the prevalence and circumstances of falling and the risk factors associated with falling in older adults in the first year after total hip arthroplasty surgery. This was a cross-sectional study involving 108 individuals (age of 72.4 ± 6.5 …

Neural Circuit Dynamics For Sensory Detection, Sruti Mallik, Srinath Nizampatnam, Anirban Nandi, Debajit Saha, Baranidharan Raman, Shinung Ching

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We consider the question of how sensory networks enable the detection of sensory stimuli in a combinatorial coding space. We are specifically interested in the olfactory system, wherein recent experimental studies have reported the existence of rich, enigmatic response patterns associated with stimulus onset and offset. This study aims to identify the functional relevance of such response patterns (i.e., what benefits does such neural activity provide in the context of detecting stimuli in a natural environment). We study this problem through the lens of normative, optimization-based modeling. Here, we define the notion of a low-dimensional latent representation of stimulus identity, …

Association Of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention, Fitness, And Body Mass Index With Risk Of Heart Failure In Overweight Or Obese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis From The Look Ahead Trial, Ambarish Pandey, Kershaw V Patel, Judy L Bahnson, Sarah A Gaussoin, Corby K Martin, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Karen C Johnson, Darren K Mcguire, Alain G Bertoni, Dalane Kitzman, Jarett D Berry, Look Ahead Research Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a higher risk for heart failure (HF). The impact of a lifestyle intervention and changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index on risk for HF is not well established.

METHODS: Participants from the Look AHEAD trial (Action for Health in Diabetes) without prevalent HF were included. Time-to-event analyses were used to compare the risk of incident HF between the intensive lifestyle intervention and diabetes support and education groups. The associations of baseline measures of CRF estimated from a maximal treadmill test, body mass index, and longitudinal changes in these …

A Validated Composite Organ And Hematologic Response Model For Early Assessment Of Treatment Outcomes In Light Chain Amyloidosis, Surbhi Sidana, Paolo Milani, Moritz Binder, Marco Basset, Nidhi Tandon, Andrea Foli, Angela Dispenzieri, Morie A Gertz, Suzanne R Hayman, Francis K Buadi, Martha Q Lacy, Prashant Kapoor, Nelson Leung, S Vincent Rajkumar, Giampaolo Merlini, Giovanni Palladini, Shaji K Kumar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis patients were evaluated to develop a model for early assessment of treatment benefit at 6 months, integrating both hematologic (HR) and organ response (OR) assessment (testing cohort, Mayo: n = 473; validation cohort, Pavia: n = 575). Multiple OR were assessed as follows: All OR (AOR): response in all organs, mixed OR (MOR): response in some organs, no OR (NOR)]. AOR rates at 6 months improved with deepening HR; complete response (CR; 38%, 35%), very good partial response (VGPR; 30%, 26%), and partial response (PR; 16%, 21%), respectively. A composite HR/OR (CHOR) model was developed using …

Mechanical Thrombectomy For Acute Ischemic Stroke In The Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory., Steven A Guidera, Sudhir Aggarwal, J Doyle Walton, David Boland, Roy Jackel, Jeffrey D Gould, Brooke Kearins, Joseph Mcgarvey, Yan Qi, Brian Furlong

Department of Radiology & Diagnostic Medical Imaging

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of establishing a mechanical thrombectomy (MT) program for acute ischemic stroke in a community hospital using interventional cardiologists working closely with neurologists.

BACKGROUND: American Heart Association/American Stroke Association 2018 guidelines give a Class I (Level of Evidence: A) recommendation for MT in eligible patients with large vessel occlusion stroke. Improvement in neurological outcomes with MT is highly time sensitive. Most hospitals do not have trained neurointerventionalists to perform MT, leading to treatment delays that reduce the benefit of reperfusion therapy.

METHODS: An MT program based in the cardiac catheterization …

Predicting Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome And Renal Replacement Therapy In Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli-Infected Children., Ryan S Mckee, David Schnadower, Phillip I Tarr, Jianling Xie, Yaron Finkelstein, Neil Desai, Roni D Lane, Kelly R Bergmann, Ron L Kaplan, Selena Hariharan, Andrea T Cruz, Daniel M Cohen, Andrew Dixon, Sriram Ramgopal, Annie Rominger, Elizabeth C Powell, Jennifer Kilgar, Kenneth A Michelson, Darcy Beer, Martin Bitzan, Christopher M Pruitt, Kenneth Yen, Garth D Meckler, Amy C Plint, Stuart Bradin, Thomas J Abramo, Serge Gouin, April J Kam, Abigail Schuh, Fran Balamuth, Tracy E Hunley, John T Kanegaye, Nicholas E Jones, Usha Avva, Robert Porter, Daniel M Fein, Jeffrey P Louie, Stephen B Freedman

Paediatrics Publications

BACKGROUND: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are leading causes of pediatric acute renal failure. Identifying hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) risk factors is needed to guide care.

METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, historical cohort study to identify features associated with development of HUS (primary outcome) and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) (secondary outcome) in STEC-infected children without HUS at initial presentation. Children agedeligible.

RESULTS: Of 927 STEC-infected children, 41 (4.4%) had HUS at presentation; of the remaining 886, 126 (14.2%) developed HUS. Predictors (all shown as odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence interval [CI]) of HUS included younger age …

Effects Of A Ketogenic Diet On Body Compostion And Strength In Trained Women, Salvador Vargas-Molina, Jorge L. Petro, Ramón Romance, Richard B. Kreider, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Diego A. Bonilla, Javier Benítez-Porres

Publications and Research

Background: The effect of ketogenic diets (KD) on body composition in different populations has been investigated. More recently, some have recommended that athletes adhere to ketogenic diets in order to optimize changes in body composition during training. However, there is less evidence related to trained women. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a KD on body composition and strength in trained women following an eight-week resistance training (RT) program.

Methods: Twenty-one strength-trained women (27.6 ± 4.0 years; 162.1 ± 6.6 cm; 62.3 ± 7.8 kg; 23.7 ± 2.9 kg·m− 2) were randomly assigned to either a non-KD group (n …