Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Randomized Comparison Between A Forced Air System And Warm Water Bath For Resuscitation Of Neonatal Hypothermic Calves With Or Without Oral Administration Of Caffeine, Adam T. Copeland, Amanda J. Kreuder, Grant Dewell, Renee Dewell, Caitlin Wiley, Lingnan Yuan, Jonathan P. Mochel, Joseph Smith

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Large Animal Clinical Sciences

Background

Hypothermia is a cause of neonatal calf death in cold climates. Practical and effective rewarming methods are important for bovine health within affected regions.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To compare the rewarming rate and blood analytes (glucose, lactate, and cortisol) of calves resuscitated with forced air with warm water bath, with or without oral administration of caffeine.

Animals

Twenty healthy neonatal Holstein bull calves.

Methods

In this randomized, prospective study, calves born healthy and without history of dystocia were cooled to 32°C rectal temperature then thermally resuscitated using either forced air rewarming or warm water bath (40°C) with or without oral administration …

Cortisol Production In Female Soccer Players, Katelyn Seagraves

ASPIRE 2024

Cortisol is released from the adrenal glands when there is an apparent stressor. Exercise, while beneficial, is seen as stress to the body and incites increased cortisol release. Cortisol is known to increase with exercise, and higher-intensity exercise tends to raise cortisol more compared to lower intensities. However, less is known about interval training and cortisol concentrations.

This review of literature dives into the background of cortisol: how it's produced, what systems it regulates, and differences in production based on gender, stressors, exercise intensity, and duration. This paper identifies some knowledge gaps and links training intensities in soccer to cortisol …

Cortisol Production In Female Soccer Players, Katelyn Seagraves

Honors Projects

Cortisol is released from the adrenal glands when there is an apparent stressor. Exercise, while beneficial, is seen as stress to the body and incites increased cortisol release. Cortisol is known to increase with exercise, and higher-intensity exercise tends to raise cortisol more compared to lower intensities. However, less is known about interval training and cortisol concentrations.

This review of literature dives into the background of cortisol: how it's produced, what systems it regulates, and differences in production based on gender, stressors, exercise intensity, and duration. This paper identifies some knowledge gaps and links training intensities in soccer to cortisol …

Dhea: A Neglected Biological Signal That May Affect Fetal And Child Development, Natasha A. Bailey, Elysia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The stress-sensitive maternal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis through the end-product cortisol, represents a primary pathway through which maternal experience shapes fetal development with long-term consequences for child neurodevelopment. However, there is another HPA axis end-product that has been widely ignored in the study of human pregnancy. The synthesis and release of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) is similar to cortisol, so it is a plausible, but neglected, biological signal that may influence fetal neurodevelopment. DHEA also may interact with cortisol to determine developmental outcomes. Surprisingly, there is virtually nothing known about human fetal exposure to prenatal maternal DHEA and offspring neurodevelopment. The current study …

The Effects Of Environmental Noise On Annoyance, Stress, And Urine Cortisol Levels Among Residents Living Near Industrial Sites In Bangkok, Thailand, Nutthajit Onmek, Narisa Kengtrong Bordeerat, Supat Wangwongwatana

Kesmas

People are exposed to environmental noise each day. It may be annoying, cause stress, induce hormonal changes, and negatively affect long-term health. This study aimed to determine the effects of environmental noise on annoyance, perceived stress, stress symptoms, and urine cortisol in people living in a selected area. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2022 on 142 participants. Urine samples were collected to determine cortisol levels, and perceived stress, stress symptoms, and environmental noise annoyance were evaluated using questionnaires. Stress symptoms correlated with traffic, industrial, and community noise, but not aircraft noise. Community noise correlated most strongly …

Salivary C-Reactive Protein And Cortisol Analysis In Collegiate Female Lacrosse Athletes During A 2-Game Week, Kelsi R. Lambright, Stephanie Mathews, Jennifer A. Bunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cortisol (CORT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are two indicators of stress and are linked to tissue inflammation and illness. Increased stress and inflammation have been shown to decrease cognitive functioning, leading to diminished performance for athletes. Subjectively, athletes indicate fluctuations in stress, but few studies have assessed the physiological response of training and competition in elite female athletes. PURPOSE: The primary aim was to assess the acute response of CORT and CRP in Division I female lacrosse athletes during a high-stress week, including two games and three practices during the competitive season. The secondary aim was to assess the …

A Population-Based Study Of Children Suggests Blunted Morning Cortisol Rhythms Are Associated With Alterations Of The Systemic Inflammatory State, Runia Roy, Utkarsh J. Dang, Kim M. Huffman, Tchilabalo Alayi, Yetrib Hathout, Kanneboyina Nagaraju, Paul S. Visich, Eric P. Hoffman

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Background: In children, digital media, lifestyle, and the COVID pandemic have impacted sunlight exposure, exercise, and diet patterns - cues that entrain the circadian clock. We hypothesized that low morning cortisol reflects a weak circadian clock, impacting the pro-inflammatory state. The primary objective was to test relationships between diurnal cortisol fluctuations and the inflammatory state in children as a means of providing indirect support for this hypothesis. Methods: The Cardiovascular Health Intervention Program (CHIP) was a population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal study of circadian health in public elementary school children in Southern Maine, USA (recruitment period 2012–2017). Participants were 689 students …

Perbedaan Serotonin Plasma Dan Kortisol Saliva Terhadap Gejala Depresi Pada Pasien Pasca Sindrom Koroner Akut, Irman Firmansyah, Hamzah Shatri, Rudi Putranto, Yanuar Ardani, Eka Ginanjar, Sukamto Koesnoe, Aulia Rizka, Harry Isbagio, Em Yunir

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Psychological disorders are closely associated with hormonal factors, including cortisol and serotonin. In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), autonomic dysfunction and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis can occur, leading to an increase in cortisol levels that may worsen the prognosis of ACS patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the hormonal impact, namely cortisol and serotonin levels, on depressive symptoms, which will be examined in this study.

Methods. This was a cross-sectional study to determine the impact of cortisol and serotonin in the incidence of depression in post-treatment ACS patients at the ICCU RSUPN dr. …

The Role Of Clock Genes In Maintaining Circadian Rhythm And Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology., Arathi Kulkarni, Michelle Demory-Beckler, Marc M. Kesselman

HPD Articles

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune condition that affects up to 1% of the world population and symmetrically affects the joints leading to joint stiffness and decreased mobility. RA patients present with increased pain and chronic inflammation within their joint spaces, which researchers have linked to poorer sleep patterns, including difficulty falling asleep and non-restorative sleep. As such, identifying mediators of poor sleep quality among RA patients may improve their long-term quality of life. More recently, researchers identified an association between chronic inflammation in RA patients and their circadian rhythm. Altered circadian rhythms negatively impact the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) …

Examining The Effects Of A Zoom Interview On Cortisol, Bennett Perkins

Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

The stress response is an essential physiological process that facilitates survival in threatening conditions. Stress impacts numerous bodily systems, and prior work has focused on cortisol, a steroid derived from cholesterol, as a key biomarker for assessing biological stress reactivity in humans. Social stressors are known to contribute to marked increased in cortisol levels, but to date little work has examined whether social situations known to be stressful in person can influence cortisol when those situations occur remotely. In this study, I investigated the effects of a Zoom-based social stressor on salivary cortisol. Participants were randomly assigned to the Zoom-stress …

The Effects Of Kangaroo Care On The Stress Levels Of Parents In The Nicu, Niyati Sishodia

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Background: Parents of NICU patients have high stress levels compared to other populations, which negatively impact their mental health. The kangaroo care (KC) method has been used for its numerous benefits for infants, but not as widely studied for its impacts on parental stress. The purpose of this integrative literature review is to examine and synthesize the existing evidence regarding kangaroo care and its impact on the stress levels of NICU parents.

Methods: A literature search was conducted utilizing CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE, and APA PsychInfo databases to identify relevant articles. Articles were included if they were published …

Changes In Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolites In Captive Coyotes (Canis Latrans): Influence Of Gender, Time, And Reproductive Status, Eric M. Gese, Patricia A. Terletzky, Cole A. Bleke, Erika T. Stevenson, Susannah S. French

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Simple summary

Biologists have long considered producing offspring a demanding time in the life of any animal, with reproducing and raising offspring being physiologically stressful. We examined whether breeding and producing pups was more stressful than other life-history stages among captive coyotes (Canis latrans) using fecal sampling and subsequent assays for glucocorticoid metabolites. Using 12 pairs of coyotes (five pairs produced pups, seven pairs did not), we examined fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM) covering 11 biological time periods for one year. We found high individual variability among both females and males with no apparent statistical effect of reproduction on …

Improvement In Endothelial Function In Hypertensive Patients After Ramadan Fasting: Effects Of Cortisol, Erkan Demi̇rci̇, Eyüp Özkan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: There are studies on the effects of Ramadan fasting (RF), which is one of the intermittent fasting diets, on both hypertension and endothelial function. However, the relationship between possible improvements in endothelial function and blood pressure after RF is not clear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of RF on blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension (HT). Materials and methods: Sixty-four HT patients, aged 45-65, who were followed up in the Cardiology Department of Kayseri City Hospital and fasted during Ramadan between 13 April and 13 May 2021 with their self-consents were …

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index And Depression In College Students, Bryn Kable

CMC Senior Theses

College student mental health has seen a serious decline over the last decade (Esaki-Smith, 2022). One factor that has been linked to both physical and mental disorders is obesity. A common way to operationalize weight is through body mass index (BMI) (Ilman et al., 2015). There is evidence that BMI and depression are correlated linearly in that individuals with higher BMIs have higher levels of depression (Badillo et al., 2022; Simon et al., 2008). The exact mechanisms of this relationship are still generally unknown; thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and depression in …

Worried Sick: Understanding The Implications Of Stress On A Physiological Level, Julia Saia

Senior Honors Theses

Stress is prevalent among many individuals in today’s society. A literature review was conducted to investigate the physiological effects of stress, including the biomarkers of stress and how these interact with various body systems. The stress response is a protective mechanism to prepare the body to adequately respond to a perceived threat. However, when this response is prolonged, it begins to have a maladaptive effect on the body and can cause more harm than good. This literature review sought to compile what is known regarding the general effects of chronic stress and its impact on the nervous, immune, digestive, and …

Long Covid And The Neuroendocrinology Of Microbial Translocation Outside The Gi Tract: Some Treatment Strategies, Adonis Sfera, Carolina Osorio, Sabine Hazan, Zisis Kozlakidis, Jose Campo Maldonado, Carlos Manuel Zapata-Martín Del Campo, Jonathan J. Anton, Leah Rahman, Christina V. Andronescu, Garth L. Nicolson

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Similar to previous pandemics, COVID-19 has been succeeded by well-documented postinfectious sequelae, including chronic fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, and concentration difficulties, which may last 5 to 12 weeks or longer after the acute phase of illness. Both the psychological stress of SARS-CoV-2 infection and being diagnosed with COVID-19 can upregulate cortisol, a stress hormone that disrupts the efferocytosis effectors, macrophages, and natural killer cells, leading to the excessive accumulation of senescent cells and disruption of biological barriers. This has been well-established in cancer patients who often experience unrelenting fatigue as well as gut and blood– brain barrier dysfunction …

Maternal Prenatal Cortisol Trajectories Predict Accelerated Growth In Infancy, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook, Elysia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Higher maternal cortisol in pregnancy has been linked to childhood obesity. Much of the previous research has been limited in that cortisol in pregnancy is only measured at one time-point, precluding the ability to examine critical timing effects of prenatal maternal cortisol. To fill this gap, this longitudinal study measured maternal plasma cortisol at 15, 19, 25, and 31 weeks of pregnancy, and assessed infant body mass index percentile (BMIP)1 at birth, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months in 189 mother-infant pairs. Three distinct patterns of maternal cortisol in pregnancy (typical, steep, and flat trajectories) were identified using general growth …

Memory And Attention While Scuba Diving At Shallow And Deep Depths: An Open Water Study, Leanne Boucher, Joshua Feingold, Kelly Concannon, Stephanie Talavera, Jaime Tartar, W. Matthew Collins

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

SCUBA diving requires a high level of cognitive functioning, however, many divers anecdotally report poor memory and attentional skills while underwater. Few studies have documented cognitive deficits resulting from an open-water dive. Here, 23 divers completed both shallow (8 m) and deep (28 m) dives over two days in the open-water. The order of the dives was counterbalanced across participants. While at depth, they completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety levels, learned and were tested on a list of 36 words, and completed the trail making task (TMT) to assess executive functioning. They also gave saliva samples to …

Perceived Stress And Salivary Biomarkers In Educators: Comparison Among Three Stress Reduction Activities, Doreen Wagner, Sharon M. Pearcey

Faculty and Research Publications

Background: The teaching profession is a potentially stressful occupation with up to 30% of all novice teachers leaving the profession and annual teacher turnover is higher when compared with turnover of all other occupations. This study investigated the effects of a one-time stress reduction activity (meditation, yoga, or aerobic exercise) in university and K-12 educators who were part of one-day seminar on Stress Reduction.

Methods: Participants (N = 26) self-selected their stress reduction activity, completed a demographic questionnaire, educator stress self-assessment tool, and visual analogue scales indicating current stress levels. Salivary cortisol and amylase levels were measured before, immediately after, …

Obstetric Risk In Pregnancy Interacts With Hair Cortisone Levels To Reduce Gestational Length, Wangira Musana, Craig R. Cohen, Miriam Kuppermann, Roy Gerona, Anthony Wanyoro, David Aguilar, Nicole Santos, Sandra J. Weiss, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Maternal psychological stress has been linked to preterm birth. However, the dierential contribution of psychological stress versus stress hormones is not clear. Studies focus primarily on perceived stress and cortisol, with few assessing its inter-convertible hormone cortisone. Furthermore, little is known about the potential moderating roles of obstetric risk and fetal sex in the relationship between maternal stress and gestational length. This gap in knowledge is particularly evident for rural women who typically experience chronic multiple stressors during pregnancy. We explored the relationship of hormonal and psychological stress to gestational length and the eects of obstetric risks and …

Cortisol Receptor Sensitivity As A Risk Factor For Depression, Michela Michielli

Honors Theses

In 2020, the World Health Organization reported over 264 million people across the world were suffering from depression. Studies have demonstrated that one source of depression is a hormonal imbalance involved in the stress response. Cortisol is a stress hormone regulated by the Hypothalamic-Anterior-Pituitary (HPA) Axis. Its effects on the stress response and other metabolic activities in the body are exerted through the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GR and MR respectively).

Our research has examined mutations known as single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) relating to cortisol-receptor sensitivity and the behavior of cortisol in the body to investigate the link between cortisol activity and …

The Impact Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms On Cortisol Receptor Activity In Populations With Obesity, Cassidy Michalicka

Honors Theses

Cortisol is a crucial part of the endocrine system; it has the capacity to affect nearly every organ and tissue in the human body. When functioning correctly, cortisol is known to regulate the body’s stress response, control metabolism, suppress inflammation, regulate blood pressure, regulate blood sugar, regulate our body’s circadian rhythm, and much more. When the concentration of cortisol in the blood is elevated for an excessive period, the body responds with symptoms such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, weight gain, and moon face. Commonly this is known as Cushing’s Syndrome (CS), and interestingly, we have seen a phenotypic resemblance when contrasted …

The Effects Of Floatation-Rest On Cortisol Levels Of Patients With Glioblastoma Grade Iv: A Conceptual Framework, Hilario Gomez

Selected Honors Theses

Glioblastoma is reported to be the most aggressive and common brain tumor in adults (Davis, 2016). To help alleviate pain in patients with glioblastoma, floatation-REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique) is proposed. Such therapy has been shown to benefit chronic tension headaches, muscle tension, and other stress-related pain conditions (Feinstein, 2018). The magnesium and sulfate components of Epsom salt combined with controlled warm water allow the muscles and joints to relax. Studies show that magnesium targets the Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) produced by the Anterior Pituitary Gland which in turn affects cortisol hormone levels to activate the body's immune defenses and eliminate …

Cortisol, Heart Rate, And Perceived Exertion Responses To Different Resistance Training Protocols With And Without Blood Flow Restriction, Megan L. Zamora, Marco Arriaga, Jorge Bejar, Sue Anne Chew, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different resistance exercise protocols on cortisol, heart rate, and perceived exertion. METHODS: Eight males and eight females (age = 21.8 ± 2.6) performed three randomly assigned exercise protocols on three separate occasions: low-intensity resistance training (RT) exercises with blood flow restriction (BFR) at 20% of one repetition maximum (1-RM) (BFR20), moderate-intensity RT exercises with BFR at 40% of 1-RM (BFR40), and traditional high-intensity RT exercises at 80% of 1-RM (HI80). Participants completed 2-3 circuits of four sets in the leg press and leg extension machines. Total volume …

Saliva Cortisol In Girls With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Dance And Yoga Intervention, Elin Areskog Sandberg, Anna Duberg, Ulrika Lorenzon Fagerberg, Evalotte Morelius, Stefan Särnblad

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are common among girls and has been associated with stress. Cortisol is one of the major stress hormones. Dance and yoga have been shown to reduce abdominal pain among girls with FAPDs. Aim: To investigate the effect of an 8-month intervention with dance and yoga on cortisol levels in saliva among girls with FAPDs. Methods: A total of 121 girls aged 9–13 years with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or functional abdominal pain were included in the study. Participants were randomized into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group attended a combined …

Short-Term Transport Stress And Supplementation Alter Immune Function In Aged Horses, Ashton B. Miller, Patricia A. Harris, Virginia D. Barker, Amanda A. Adams

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Long-distance transport is associated with stress-related changes in equine immune function, and shipping-associated illnesses are often reported. Horses are frequently transported short distances, yet the effects of short-term transport on immune function remain largely unknown. Twelve horses, aged 15–30 yr, were assigned to either the control (n = 6) or treatment (n = 6) groups; treatment horses received a daily antioxidant supplement 3 weeks before and after transport. All horses were transported for approximately 1.5–2 hr on Day 0. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture at 15-min pre- and post-transport and on Days –21, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21. …

Psychological And Physiological Stress And Burnout Among Maternity Providers In A Rural County In Kenya: Individual And Situational Predictors, Patience A. Afulani, Linnet Ongeri, Joyceline Kinyua, Marleen Temmerman, Wendy Berry Mendes, Sandra J. Weiss

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Stress and burnout among healthcare workers has been recognized as a global crisis needing urgent attention. Yet few studies have examined stress and burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa, and even fewer among maternity providers who work under very stressful conditions. To address these gaps, we examined self-reported stress and burnout levels as well as stress-related physiologic measures of these providers, along with their potential predictors.

Methods: Participants included 101 maternity providers (62 nurses/midwives, 16 clinical officers/doctors, and 23 support staff) in western Kenya. Respondents completed Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, the Shirom-Melamed Burnout scale, and other …

Successful Management Of Hypoadrenocorticism In A French Bulldog By A Smaller Dose And Lesser Frequency Of The Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate: A Case Report, Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 1 year and 4 months old, intact female French Bulldog was presented because of weakness, anorexia, and vomiting for 3 days. Laboratory findings included azotemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, sodium to potassium (Na:K) ratio was 23.88, and the lower level of basal cortisol concentration than the detection limit. The small size of both adrenal glands obtained from abdominal ultrasonography. Subsequently, the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed, and the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism was confirmed. The desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) with a smaller dose and lesser frequency than the recommendation of 2.2 mg/kg every 25 days. The dog received DOCP subcutaneous injection …

Oxytocin, Cortisol, And Cognitive Control During Acute And Naturalistic Stress, Shari Young Kuchenbecker, Sarah D. Pressman, Jared Celniker, Karen M. Grewen, Ken D. Sumida, Naveen Jonathan, Brendan Everett, George M. Slavich

Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles

Although stress is a strong risk factor for poor health, especially for women, it remains unclear how stress affects the key neurohormones cortisol and oxytocin, which influence stress-related risk and resilience. Whereas cortisol mediates energy mobilization during stress, oxytocin has anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and analgesic effects that support social connection and survival across the lifespan. However, how these neurohormones interrelate and are associated with cognitive control of emotional information during stress remains unclear. To address these issues, we recruited 37 college-aged women (M_age = 19.19, SD = 1.58) and randomly assigned each to a one-hour experimental session consisting of …

Stress Response After Race And Endurance Training Sessions And Competitions In Arabian Horses, O. Witkowska-Piłaszewicz, J. Grzędzicka, J. Seń, M. Czopowicz, M. Żmigrodzka, A. Winnicka, A. Cywińska, Craig N. Carter

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Faculty Publications

Assuring a high level of animal welfare is a critical aspect of contemporary animal husbandry. Equine athletes begin their careers at a very young age when they are still developing and they are both physically and mentally immature. Lack of scientific knowledge of the stress related to horse racing impedes the development of optimal training programs to attain equilibrium between the best sport results and optimal welfare. This study aimed to determine the influence of the intensity and type of physical activity on peripheral blood cortisol concentration. Thirty untrained Arabians, 9 endurance and 21 race horses were enrolled in this …