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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Investigating Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates Of Cognitive Impairment In Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus And Alzheimer's Disease, Omar Hasan, Omar Hasan
Investigating Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates Of Cognitive Impairment In Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus And Alzheimer's Disease, Omar Hasan, Omar Hasan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Modest expansion of the human brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled ventricles is normal with aging, and because of this, it can be difficult for physicians to accurately diagnose and treat enlarged ventricles (ventriculomegaly), called hydrocephalus1 (fluid or water in the brain) Ventriculomegaly occurs due to an obstruction (such as a blood clot or tumor), or a change in CSF absorption2. Primary hydrocephalus, also called idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), is non-obstructive and may be comorbid with other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Clinically, it can be difficult to tell whether the pathophysiological …
The Effect Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Tau Pathology By A Potential Seeding Mechanism, George Edwards Iii
The Effect Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Tau Pathology By A Potential Seeding Mechanism, George Edwards Iii
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The misfolding, aggregation and accumulation of specific proteins is the overarching concept in protein misfolding disorders (PMDs). The microtubule associated protein tau is known to form insoluble filaments known as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) found in a subset of PMDs called tauopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), among others. Misfolded tau engenders a structurally alternative intermediate conformation that is prone to aggregate having amyloidogenic properties. Formation of amyloids, such as tau aggregates, is proposed to follow a nucleation-polymerization model where misfolded, soluble oligomeric seeds can trigger native proteins to misfold and …
Endocytic Trafficking Of The Amyloid Precursor Protein In Rat Cortical Neurons, Sahily Reyes
Endocytic Trafficking Of The Amyloid Precursor Protein In Rat Cortical Neurons, Sahily Reyes
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and deposition into extracellular plaques is a hallmark of the most common forms of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. The Aβ-containing plaques result from pathogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by secretases resulting in intracellular production of Aβ peptides that are secreted and accumulate extracellularly. Despite considerable progress towards understanding APP processing and Aβ aggregation, the mechanisms underlying endosomal production of Aβ peptides and their secretion remain unclear. Using endosomes isolated from cultured primary neurons, we determined that the trafficking of APP from the endosomal membrane into internal vesicles of late endosome/multivesicular bodies (MVB) is dependent on …
The Molecular Interaction Between Type Ii Diabetes And Alzheimer’S Disease Through Cross-Seeding Of Protein Misfolding, George A. Edwards Iii
The Molecular Interaction Between Type Ii Diabetes And Alzheimer’S Disease Through Cross-Seeding Of Protein Misfolding, George A. Edwards Iii
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
With the population of the world aging, the prominence of diseases such as Type II Diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are on the rise. In addition, patients with T2D have an increased risk of developing AD compared to age-matched individuals, and the number of AD patients with T2D is higher than among aged-matched non-AD patients. AD is a chronic and progressive dementia characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuronal loss, brain inflammation, and cognitive impairment. T2D involves the dysfunctional use of pancreatic insulin by the body resulting in insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, pancreatic beta cell (β-cell) death, …