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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Mechanism Of Antibiotic Permeability Through The Gram-Negative Bacterial Envelope, Olaniyi Alegun
Mechanism Of Antibiotic Permeability Through The Gram-Negative Bacterial Envelope, Olaniyi Alegun
Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry
The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria (GN) makes them distinct among superbugs that are associated with the development of antibiotic resistance. The outer membrane, and inner membrane, separated by the periplasm, form a double-membrane barrier to the entry of antibiotics into the cell. Several studies have been conducted to examine the role of outer membrane modifications such as porins, lipopolysaccharides, and efflux pumps on antibiotic resistance. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on how antibiotics behave in the periplasm, to gain access into their target region. My thesis focuses on understanding the mechanism of antibiotic permeability through the cellular …
Interactions Between Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Nps) And Mucin, . Boimin
Interactions Between Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Nps) And Mucin, . Boimin
Doctoral Dissertations
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in many food, consumer, and industrial products. However, little is known about the overall effects of TiO2 NPs on the environment or human health. In order to elucidate the fate, transformation, transport, and toxicological impact of TiO2 NPs, a better understanding is needed of how the physicochemical properties of TiO2 NPs (e.g. size, charge, curvature, hydrophobicity, and surface functionality) interact with their microenvironments (e.g. pH, temperature, bile acids, microbiome, enzymes, surface-active components, and biopolymers). Living organisms including humans have a natural mechanism to protect themselves from physical, biological, …
Accumulation And Histological Transformation In The Gills, Liver, Muscles, And Skin In Oreochromis Niloticus Induced By Mercury, Khalid Abdullah Al-Ghanim, Zubair Ahmad, Hmoud Fares Alkahem Al-Balawi, Fahad Al-Misned, Shahid Mahboob, El Amin Mohammad Suliman
Accumulation And Histological Transformation In The Gills, Liver, Muscles, And Skin In Oreochromis Niloticus Induced By Mercury, Khalid Abdullah Al-Ghanim, Zubair Ahmad, Hmoud Fares Alkahem Al-Balawi, Fahad Al-Misned, Shahid Mahboob, El Amin Mohammad Suliman
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Specimens of Oreochromis niloticus (One control and 3 experimental groups) were fed diets mixed with different doses of mercury (control group = free of mercury; group 1 = 500 mg/kg; group 2 = 750 mg/kg, and group 3 = 1000 mg/kg) for 60 days in order to study its accumulation and histopathological alterations in the liver, gills, skeletal muscles, and skin. The results obtained revealed that mercury accumulation was significantly (P < 0.05) high in the liver and gills compared to the muscles and skin. The order of accumulation in these organs revealed to be liver > gills > muscles > skin. The fish fed various doses of mercury also showed histological alterations in these organs. Epithelial lifting and epithelial hypertrophy were seen in the gills of the …
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Xu-Feng Huang
Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …
The Yin: An Adverse Health Perspective Of Nanoceria: Uptake, Distribution, Accumulation, And Mechanisms Of Its Toxicity, Robert A. Yokel, Salik Hussain, Stavros Garantziotis, Philip Demokritou, Vincent Castranova, Flemming R. Cassee
The Yin: An Adverse Health Perspective Of Nanoceria: Uptake, Distribution, Accumulation, And Mechanisms Of Its Toxicity, Robert A. Yokel, Salik Hussain, Stavros Garantziotis, Philip Demokritou, Vincent Castranova, Flemming R. Cassee
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
This critical review evolved from a SNO Special Workshop on Nanoceria panel presentation addressing the toxicological risks of nanoceria: accumulation, target organs, and issues of clearance; how exposure dose/concentration, exposure route, and experimental preparation/model influence the different reported effects of nanoceria; and how can safer by design concepts be applied to nanoceria? It focuses on the most relevant routes of human nanoceria exposure and uptake, disposition, persistence, and resultant adverse effects. The pulmonary, oral, dermal, and topical ocular exposure routes are addressed as well as the intravenous route, as the latter provides a reference for the pharmacokinetic fate of nanoceria …
Heme Consumption Reduces Hepatic Triglyceride And Fatty Acid Accumulation In A Rat Model Of Nafld Fed Westernized Diet, Soon Yew Tang, Irwin Kee M. Cheah, Pei Ern Ng, Aina Hoi, Andrew M. Jenner
Heme Consumption Reduces Hepatic Triglyceride And Fatty Acid Accumulation In A Rat Model Of Nafld Fed Westernized Diet, Soon Yew Tang, Irwin Kee M. Cheah, Pei Ern Ng, Aina Hoi, Andrew M. Jenner
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Studies have identified that serum-free hemoglobin subunits correlate positively with the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of hemoglobin in the development of NAFLD remains unclear. In the present study, a rat model of NAFLD was developed, using a westernized diet high in saturated fat and refined sugar. Since a "westernized" diet is also high in red meat, we tested the effect of hemoglobin as a dietary source of heme in our model. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks either control diet (7% fat), westernized diet (WD, 18% fat + 1% cholesterol), hemoglobin …
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
A High-Dose Shiitake Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet: Underlying Mechanism, Dian Handayani, Barbara J. Meyer, Jiezhong Chen, Simon H. J Brown, Todd W. Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Shiitake mushroom have been shown to have health benefits including lowering plasma lipids and preventing body weight gain. However, their underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The study aim was to assess the potential underlying mechanism of Shiitake mushrooms in lowering plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group were given HFD and treatment group were fed HFD, enriched with Shiitake mushroom powder at a low dose (LD-M): 0.7%, medium dose (MD-M): 2%, or high dose (HD-M): 6% (wt:wt) for six weeks. Diets were isocaloric containing ~50% energy from fat. …
Deletion Of Abca7 Increases Cerebral Amyloid-Β Accumulation In The J20 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Woojin S. Kim, Hongyun Li, Kalani Ruberu, Sharon Chan, David A. Elliott, Jac Kee Low, David Cheng, Tim Karl, Brett Garner
Deletion Of Abca7 Increases Cerebral Amyloid-Β Accumulation In The J20 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Woojin S. Kim, Hongyun Li, Kalani Ruberu, Sharon Chan, David A. Elliott, Jac Kee Low, David Cheng, Tim Karl, Brett Garner
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 (ABCA7) is expressed in the brain and has been detected in macrophages, microglia, and neurons. ABCA7 promotes efflux of lipids from cells to apolipoproteins and can also regulate phagocytosis and modulate processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to generate the Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Genome-wide association studies have indicated that ABCA7 single nucleotide polymorphisms confer increased risk for late-onset AD; however, the role that ABCA7 plays in the brain in the AD context is unknown. In the present study, we crossed ABCA7-deficient (A7-/-) mice with J20 amyloidogenic mice to address this issue. We show …
Allochthonous And Autochthonous Contributions To Carbon Accumulation And Carbon Store In Southeastern Australian Coastal Wetlands, N Saintilan, K Rogers, D Mazumder, C Woodroffe
Allochthonous And Autochthonous Contributions To Carbon Accumulation And Carbon Store In Southeastern Australian Coastal Wetlands, N Saintilan, K Rogers, D Mazumder, C Woodroffe
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Estimates of carbon store and carbon accumulation rate in mangrove and saltmarsh are beset by issues of scale and provenance. Estimates at a site do not allow scaling to regional estimates if the drivers of variability are not known. Also, carbon accumulation within soils provides a net offset only if carbon is derived in-situ, or would not otherwise be sequestered. We use a network of observation sites extending across 2000 km of southeastern Australian coastline to determine the influence of geomorphic setting and coastal wetland vegetation type on rates of carbon accumulation, carbon store and probable sources. Carbon accumulation above …
High-Dose Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed With High-Fat Diet, D Handayani, B Meyer, J Chen, S Brown, T Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
High-Dose Mushroom Increases Hepatic Accumulation Of Triacylglycerol In Rats Fed With High-Fat Diet, D Handayani, B Meyer, J Chen, S Brown, T Mitchell, Xu-Feng Huang
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Abstract of poster that presented at IUNS 20th International congress of Nutrition, Granada, Spain, September 15-20, 2013.
Saturated- And N-6 Polyunsaturated-Fat Diets Each Induce Ceramide Accumulation In Mouse Skeletal Muscle: Reversal And Improvement Of Glucose Tolerance By Lipid Metabolism Inhibitors, G Frangioudakis, J Garrard, K Raddatz, J L. Nadler, Todd W. Mitchell, Carsten Schmitz-Peiffer
Saturated- And N-6 Polyunsaturated-Fat Diets Each Induce Ceramide Accumulation In Mouse Skeletal Muscle: Reversal And Improvement Of Glucose Tolerance By Lipid Metabolism Inhibitors, G Frangioudakis, J Garrard, K Raddatz, J L. Nadler, Todd W. Mitchell, Carsten Schmitz-Peiffer
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Lipid-induced insulin resistance is associated with intracellular accumulation of inhibitory intermediates depending on the prevalent fatty acid (FA) species. In cultured myotubes, ceramide and phosphatidic acid (PA) mediate the effects of the saturated FA palmitate and the unsaturated FA linoleate, respectively. We hypothesized that myriocin (MYR), an inhibitor of de novo ceramide synthesis, would protect against glucose intolerance in saturated fat-fed mice, while lisofylline (LSF), a functional inhibitor of PA synthesis, would protect unsaturated fat-fed mice. Mice were fed diets enriched in saturated fat, n-6 polyunsaturated fat, or chow for 6 wk. Saline, LSF (25 mg/kg · d), or MYR …
Synthesis Of The Oxysterol, 24(S), 25-Epoxycholesterol, Parallels Cholesterol Production And May Protect Against Cellular Accumulation Of Newly-Synthesized Cholesterol, Jenny Wong, Carmel M. Quinn, Andrew J. Brown
Synthesis Of The Oxysterol, 24(S), 25-Epoxycholesterol, Parallels Cholesterol Production And May Protect Against Cellular Accumulation Of Newly-Synthesized Cholesterol, Jenny Wong, Carmel M. Quinn, Andrew J. Brown
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Aim. The effects of 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol (24,25EC) on aspects of cholesterol homeostasis is well-documented. When added to cells, 24,25EC decreases cholesterol synthesis and up-regulates cholesterol efflux genes, including ABCA1. Synthesis of 24,25EC occurs in a shunt of the mevalonate pathway which also produces cholesterol. Therefore, 24,25EC synthesis should be subject to the same negative feedback regulation as cholesterol synthesis. To date, no role has been ascribed to 24,25EC in light of the fact that increased accumulation of cholesterol should decrease formation of this oxysterol through feedback inhibition. This leads to the intriguing paradox: why inhibit production of an apparently important regulator …
Effects Of Heavy Metal Accumulation On The 96-H Lc_50 Values In Tench Tinca Tinca L., 1758, Syed Lal Shah, Ahmet Altindağ
Effects Of Heavy Metal Accumulation On The 96-H Lc_50 Values In Tench Tinca Tinca L., 1758, Syed Lal Shah, Ahmet Altindağ
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The effects of already accumulated heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb) in the body of tench on the 96-h LC_50 values of the respective heavy metals were studied. The body concentration of mercury, cadmium and lead was 0.011, 0.32 and 1.59 mg/g respectively, and their 96-h LC_50 values were 1.0, 6.5 and 300.0, ppm, respectively. The general accumulation order of heavy metals and their respective 96-h LC_50 values were Hg< Cd< Pb. It was observed that the fish with lowest body concentration of heavy metal showed the lowest 96-h LC_50 value of the respective heavy metal and vice versa. This close relationship showed that the previous body accumulation of heavy metals has a direct effect on the 96-h LC_50 values of the respective heavy metals and the susceptibility of fish.
Effect Of Cadmium Accumulation On Total Protein Levels In Tilapia Nilotica, Mustafa Kalay, Cahi̇t Erdem
Effect Of Cadmium Accumulation On Total Protein Levels In Tilapia Nilotica, Mustafa Kalay, Cahi̇t Erdem
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The aim of the present study was to determine the accumulation of cadmium in different tissues of Tilapia nilotica and to establish the influence of this accumulation on total protein levels in liver and kidney tissues. At the end of each experimental period; gill, liver and kidney tissues from the animals were dissected and their cadmium accumulation was determined using atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry. Liver and kidney tissues were homogenised to determine total protein levels. The protein contents of the tissue homogenates were determined by the Lowry method. Cadmium accumulation was higher in the gill, liver and kidney tissues. Cadmium primarily …
Effects Of Different Concentrations Of Copper Alone And A Copper + Cadmium Mixture On The Accumulation Of Copper In The Gill, Liver, Kidney And Muscle Tissues Of Oreochromis Niloticus (L.), Baybars Sağlamti̇mur, Bedi̇i̇ Ci̇ci̇k, Cahi̇t Erdem
Effects Of Different Concentrations Of Copper Alone And A Copper + Cadmium Mixture On The Accumulation Of Copper In The Gill, Liver, Kidney And Muscle Tissues Of Oreochromis Niloticus (L.), Baybars Sağlamti̇mur, Bedi̇i̇ Ci̇ci̇k, Cahi̇t Erdem
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Experiments were conducted in two series for 1, 7, 15 and 30 days. In the first series, fish were exposed to 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 ppm of copper and in the second series to 0.1 + 0.05, 0.5 + 0.1, 1.0 + 0.5 and 5.0 + 1.0 ppm of copper and cadmium mixtures. No mortalities were observed during the experimental period. Accumulation of copper in the tissues and organs increased with increasing concentrations of copper and with longer exposure periods. Copper accumulation associated with copper + cadmium mixtures in the gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues varied with the …